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    Classical Physics (Newton - LMG COW, EMCT)

    Uploaded by

    Anshuman Mishra
    1. The document summarizes the history and major concepts of physics including: - Classical physics developed by Newton, Maxwell, and others - Relativity developed by Einstein describing space, time, mass, and energy - Quantum physics probing the nature of atoms, particles, and fields at small scales 2. It notes that quantum field theory provides the best current description of the universe but does not incorporate gravity, leaving a gap in developing a complete theory of quantum gravity. 3. The document raises philosophical questions about the fundamental nature of reality and our universe that remain unanswered by current physical theories.

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    Classical Physics (Newton - LMG COW, EMCT)

    Uploaded by

    Anshuman Mishra
    227 views4 pages
    1. The document summarizes the history and major concepts of physics including: - Classical physics developed by Newton, Maxwell, and others - Relativity developed by Einstein describing space, time, mass, and energy - Quantum physics probing the nature of atoms, particles, and fields at small scales 2. It notes that quantum field theory provides the best current description of the universe but does not incorporate gravity, leaving a gap in developing a complete theory of quantum gravity. 3. The document raises philosophical questions about the fundamental nature of reality and our universe that remain unanswered by current physical theories.

    Original Title

    The Map of Physics

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    1. The document summarizes the history and major concepts of physics including: - Classical physics developed by Newton, Maxwell, and others - Relativity developed by Einstein describing space, time, mass, and energy - Quantum physics probing the nature of atoms, particles, and fields at small scales 2. It notes that quantum field theory provides the best current description of the universe but does not incorporate gravity, leaving a gap in developing a complete theory of quantum gravity. 3. The document raises philosophical questions about the fundamental nature of reality and our universe that remain unanswered by current physical theories.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    227 views4 pages

    Classical Physics (Newton - LMG COW, EMCT)

    Uploaded by

    Anshuman Mishra
    1. The document summarizes the history and major concepts of physics including: - Classical physics developed by Newton, Maxwell, and others - Relativity developed by Einstein describing space, time, mass, and energy - Quantum physics probing the nature of atoms, particles, and fields at small scales 2. It notes that quantum field theory provides the best current description of the universe but does not incorporate gravity, leaving a gap in developing a complete theory of quantum gravity. 3. The document raises philosophical questions about the fundamental nature of reality and our universe that remain unanswered by current physical theories.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?

    v=ZihywtixUYo

    1. Classical Physics (Newton - LMG COW, EMCT)


    a. Isaac Newton
    i. Laws of Motion
    ii. Law of Universal Gravitation
    1. Motion of planets in the sky
    2. Falling of objects on the Earth
    iii. Calculus – basically mathematics (which is language of Physics)
    iv. Optics
    1. study of light and how it travels through materials
    a. Light does not need a medium to travel and it can travel in
    vaccums. However, same rules apply reflection, refraction, and
    diffraction
    2. Refractions through lenses – let to Cameras, microscopes and
    telescopes
    a. Telescopes helped us in figuring put Astrophysics and
    Cosmology
    v. Theory of Waves – optics is closely related to theory of waves which tells us
    energy can travel through disturbances of mediums
    1. Transverse waves
    2. Longitudinal waves
    b. Electromagnetism – study of magnets and electricity (more specifically magnetic and
    electric fields)
    i. James Clark Maxwell found out that electric and magnetic fields are two aspects
    of the same thing and called it Electromagnetism
    1. Maxwell also told us that light is nothing else but an electromagnetic
    wave
    ii. Electromagnetism also explained all of Electricity
    c. Classical Mechanics – is related to Newtons laws and covers properties and motion of
    solid objects
    d. Fluid Mechanics – is related to flow of liquid and gases.
    i. Using fluid mechanics, we can find out the lift generated by an airplane’s wings
    or how aerodynamic a car is
    e. Chaos Theory – Fluid mechanics is really complicated as movement of small molecules
    can get complicated really fast. This leads to chaos theory, which is a description of large
    complex systems where small changes in initial conditions can lead to very different final
    outcome.
    f. Thermodynamics – description of energy and how it passes from one form to another
    i. Entropy – measure of order and disorder, and also tells how useful different
    type of energies are
    2. Relativity
    a. Albert Einstein – special and general theories relativity
    i. Special Relativity Theory: Speed of light is constant for all observers. So weird
    things happen when you travel fast – time starts slowing down.

    It also explains that energy and mass are different aspect of the same thing i.e. E
    = mc2
    ii. General Relativity Theory: Space and time are part of the same fabric called
    spacetime, and gravity comes from objects bending the spacetime, making
    other objects fall in towards them

    3. Quantum Physics (QA Nu PC)


    a. Atomic Theory: Atomic theory probed the nature of Atom and more and more detailed
    descriptions of the atoms were developed

    From a tiny sphere to an orbit, to energy levels, to electron in wave like charge
    distributions
    b. Condensed Matter Physics: described many atoms together in solids and liquids

    and it is a source of latest technologies like computers, lasers, and quantum


    information science
    c. Nuclear Physics: describes how nucleus of the atoms behave, and describes radiation,
    nuclear fission (splitting of atoms in nuclear power plants), nuclear fusion (that takes
    place in Sun)
    d. Particle physics: probes deeper into sub-atomic particles that everything is made of and
    describes the standard model of particle physics

    e. Quantum Field Theory: It captures all of quantum physics and combine it with special
    theory of relativity, and it is the best description of the universe we have
    Unfortunately, quantum field theory does not include gravity and so physicists do not know how to join
    quantum physics with general theory of relativity, leading to giant chasm of ignorance:

    Hopefully in the future, we will close this gap and build a complete theory of physics which is called
    Quantum Gravity. There are many attempts to do this, some examples are
     String Theory
     Loop quantum gravity

    Apart from quantum gravity, we also don’t understand

     Dark Energy
     Dark Matter
    Which makes 95% of the universe. So, all we know today only represents 5% of the universe and
    everything else is a Mistry.

    This takes us to Philosophy and raises questions like –


     What is the fundamental nature of reality?
     How come the universe even exists?
     Do we have free will or we are just made of physics?
     How do we know that the way we do physics and science takes us to the fundamentals of this
    universe?
     Why the physics is the way it is?

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