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    GRIZAL Notes

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    Jamich Javier
    The document summarizes key aspects of Jose Rizal and the development of Philippine literature and history. It discusses how Rizal was instrumental in inventing a national Philippine literature and asserting a distinct Philippine identity and culture separate from Spain. As a young student, Rizal won literary prizes and was involved with the Propaganda movement that advocated for Philippine reforms. His novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo were seminal in developing a national consciousness. He also sought to write a national history of the Philippines and promote local languages and culture.

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    GRIZAL Notes

    Uploaded by

    Jamich Javier
    204 views3 pages
    The document summarizes key aspects of Jose Rizal and the development of Philippine literature and history. It discusses how Rizal was instrumental in inventing a national Philippine literature and asserting a distinct Philippine identity and culture separate from Spain. As a young student, Rizal won literary prizes and was involved with the Propaganda movement that advocated for Philippine reforms. His novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo were seminal in developing a national consciousness. He also sought to write a national history of the Philippines and promote local languages and culture.

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    GRIZAL-Notes

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    The document summarizes key aspects of Jose Rizal and the development of Philippine literature and history. It discusses how Rizal was instrumental in inventing a national Philippine literature and asserting a distinct Philippine identity and culture separate from Spain. As a young student, Rizal won literary prizes and was involved with the Propaganda movement that advocated for Philippine reforms. His novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo were seminal in developing a national consciousness. He also sought to write a national history of the Philippines and promote local languages and culture.

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    204 views3 pages

    GRIZAL Notes

    Uploaded by

    Jamich Javier
    The document summarizes key aspects of Jose Rizal and the development of Philippine literature and history. It discusses how Rizal was instrumental in inventing a national Philippine literature and asserting a distinct Philippine identity and culture separate from Spain. As a young student, Rizal won literary prizes and was involved with the Propaganda movement that advocated for Philippine reforms. His novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo were seminal in developing a national consciousness. He also sought to write a national history of the Philippines and promote local languages and culture.

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    GRIZAL Notes

    Republic Act No. 1425 or Rizal Law


    - An act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities
    courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels; Noli Me Tangere
    and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof.
    - Approved: June 12, 1956
    - Published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 52, No. 6, p. 2971 in June 1956.
    The Trials of the Rizal Bill by Jose B. Laurel, Jr.
    - The law was filed by the Committee on Education on April 3, 1956
    - Original Version of Senate Bill No. 438
    An act to make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo compulsory reading matter in all public
    and private colleges and universities and for other purposes.
    - According to Jose B. Laurel – Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo must be read by all
    Filipinos. They must be taken to heart, for in their pages we see ourselves as in a mirror; our
    defects as well as our strength, our virtues as well as our vices. Only then would we become
    conscious as a people, and so learn to prepare ourselves for painful sacrifices that ultimately lead
    to self-reliance, self-respect and freedom
    - Catholic claims that the two novels challenged the compulsory nature of the bill as violative of
    religious faith.
    - April 23, 1956 – began debates on Senate Bill No. 438
    - Canon Law – Senator Recto; gist of his arguments was that under the police power and Article
    XIV of the Constitution. It was competent for the State to require the reading of Noli Me
    Tangere and El Filibusterismo in our public and private schools.
    - The sole object of the bill was to foster the better appreciation of Rizals times and of the role he
    played in combating Spanish tyranny in this country. Denying that the novels had any religious
    motivation.
    - He aimed at inculcating civic consciousness in the Filipinos, national dignity, personal pride,
    and patriotism.
    Note: I have reached the saturation point. I have reached the dead end of a blind alley. I can go no
    farther.
    - June 12, 1956 – the bill was signed into law by president Ramon Magsaysay
    - Rizal, speaking through Filosofo Tasio in Noli Me Tangere: I am writing for the generations of
    Filipinos yet to come, a generation that will be enlightened and educated, a generation without
    condemning me as a heretic.
    Jose Rizal and the Inventions of a National Literature by Mojares
    - Barenboim says – a musical masterpiece is a conception of the world that cannot be described –
    because where it possible to describe it in words, the music would be unnecessary. But, the fact
    that it is indescribable doesn’t mean it has no meaning.
    - 1880, Jose Rizal, 19 yrs old student, won first prize in a literary contest in Manila entitled
    Consejo de los Dioses.
    - 1880, Propaganda movement was born.
    - A movement that emerged with the events of 1872 (the Cavity Mutiny and Execution of the
    priest Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora), the movement waned in the face of
    repression but waxed again after 1880 when, under Marcelo del Pilar, La Propaganda was
    launched.
    - Propaganda movement – assimilationist in its call for colonial reforms, equal rights, and local
    autonomy.
    - In inventing a national literature, the 1st move us that asserting difference, done typically on the
    basis of a claim to a distinct culture, history and identity.
    _ to assert difference was to disengage from a dominant discourse that rendered one voiceless
    and invisible, carve out autonomous space, and lay claim to one’s own resources for creative
    production.
    - Pasyon and komedya – shown Rizals studious interest in local cultural productions.
    - His familiarity with vernacular literature was evident in 1887, when he delivered in German a
    lecture on Tagalog metrical art before the Ethnographic Society of Berlin and in 1890 when he
    defended the integrity of Tagalog theater against the attacks of the Spanish academician, Vicente
    Barrantes.
    - Rizal was the 1st to attempt to write a national history that would disengage the country from being
    treated as a mere appendage to Spain. Though what he produced was a shadow-history in the form
    of a critical annotation of Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1890), still it stands as
    the 1st attempt by a Filipino to rehearse a national history of the Philippines.
    - Rizal recognized the importance of local languages as a cultural resource. Even in his last years, he
    had plans to study Bisayan, Subanon and Mangyan, publish a Tagalog grammar, and produce a
    universal dictionary of Philippine languages. He also considered writing a treatise on native
    aesthetics.
    - In his reply to Barrantes in 1890: We shall make a thorough study of matters like Tagalog art and
    Philippine literature when brighter days reign. Then we shall talk of purely native (puramente
    indigeno) dramatic presentations, which of them are the exotic ones brought by the Spaniards; which,
    the product of the combination of both (product de esta mezcla), which the most outstanding of all.
    - A nation’s literary capital is built up not just by harnessing the local but by appropriating the
    foreign, diverting and absorbing its best elements in creating the nation’s literature.
    - Of colonialism he had written: the existence of a foreign body in another endowed with strength
    and activity is against all natural and moral laws. Science teaches us that either it is assimilated,
    it destroys the organism, it is eliminated, or it is encysted. This could well be Rizal speaking on
    the question of foreign literary influences. Rizal traveled widely, learning all he could, but the
    horizon towards which he moved was always that of his country.
    - Country’s literary capital is not just a collection of texts but a living discourse.
    - Literature by Octavio Paz – is not so much the sum of individual works as the system of relations
    between them. It is a field of affinities and oppositions.
    - 1883, Rizal propose an anthology of essays to be contributed by members of the Circulo Hispano-
    Filipino in Spain, and to lay the groundwork in 1889 for launching Association Internationale des
    Philippinestes in Paris.
    - Rizal exercised command when he wrote Noli Me Tangere (1887) and El Filibusterismo (1891).
    - Rizal had suggested that his annotations of Morga traced the lineaments of the country’s past, the
    Noli dealt with its present, and the Fili pointed to its future.
    - 3rd Novel (Unfinished) Mikamisa (1891-1892 after the appearance of the Fili)

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