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Group Fitness Instructor University Curriculum: Chapter 5: Principles of Adherence and Motivation

This chapter discusses principles of motivation and adherence for group fitness instructors. It covers the transtheoretical model of behavioral change, factors that influence exercise participation and adherence, intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation, characteristics of effective instructors, strategies for building program adherence, and the relationship between exercise and body image.

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Louis Trần
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119 views16 pages

Group Fitness Instructor University Curriculum: Chapter 5: Principles of Adherence and Motivation

This chapter discusses principles of motivation and adherence for group fitness instructors. It covers the transtheoretical model of behavioral change, factors that influence exercise participation and adherence, intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation, characteristics of effective instructors, strategies for building program adherence, and the relationship between exercise and body image.

Uploaded by

Louis Trần
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group Fitness Instructor University Curriculum

Chapter 5: Principles of Adherence and Motivation


Learning Objectives

 Upon completion of this chapter, you will be


able to:
 Apply the principles of the transtheoretical model of
behavioral change in a group fitness setting
 List personal attributes, environmental factors, and
physical-activity factors that influence exercise
participation and adherence
 Explain the difference between intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation
 List the characteristics of an ideal group fitness
instructor (GFI)
 Use strategies that build exercise program
adherence
 Recognize the relationship between exercise and
body image
Introduction

 Fitness professionals have a significant


challenge in getting people to start, and then
stick with, an exercise program.
 Motivation is a complex construct.
 Refers to the psychological drive that gives
behavior direction and purpose
 Adherence refers to the voluntary and active
involvement in a behavior.
 Taking a “one size fits all” approach to class
design is detrimental to long-term adherence.
 50% of people who start an exercise
program drop out within six months.
 Existing programming models may not be
effective.
Transtheoretical Model of
Behavioral Change
 Motivation and adherence are
two separate concepts.
 The factors that motivate
people to adopt exercise are
different than those that
cause them to stick with it.
 The transtheoretical model of
behavioral change (TTM)
provides insights into a
person’s readiness to adopt
exercise.
 Succeeding at making a
behavior change is a difficult
task.
Transtheoretical Model of
Behavioral Change (cont.)
 The TTM is important for GFIs to
understand when promoting group fitness
participation.
 The TTM is made up of five stages.
 Precontemplation
 Contemplation
 Preparation
 Action
 Maintenance
 A table describing the TTM is presented on
the following slide.
Transtheoretical Model of
Behavioral Change (cont.)
Factors Influencing Exercise Participation
and Adherence
 Personal attributes
 Demographic variables
 Biomedical status
 Activity history
 Psychological traits
 Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs
 Environmental factors
 Access to facilities
 Time
 Social support
 Physical-activity factors
 Intensity
 Injury
Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation

 Understanding motivation is a complex issue.


 Intrinsic motivation
 Performing an activity due to pure enjoyment
 Extrinsic motivation
 Performing an activity due to any reason other than
pure enjoyment
 Introjection is the least effective type of motivation.
 Integrated regulation
 Performing an activity due to the perceived benefits
 GFIs can help build intrinsic motivation by
enhancing participants’ feelings of enjoyment
and accomplishment.
Creating Compelling Class Experiences

 Be both professional and popular.


 Educate and entertain simultaneously.
 Set a theme.
 Provide a central focus that ties the class
together.
 Utilize the five senses.
 Use hearing, smell, taste, sight, and touch to
heighten the class experience.
 Provide meaningful openings and closings.
 Present a planned opening statement and an
inspirational closing message to open and close
the class.
Characteristics of an Ideal GFI

 Personal attributes of a GFI can greatly affect


participant motivation and adherence.
 Punctuality and dependability
 Professionalism
 Dedication
 Good communication skills and sensitivity to
participants’ needs
 Willingness to plan ahead
 Recognition of the signs of instructor burnout
 Willingness to take responsibility
Strategies That Build Adherence
 Several strategies have proven successful in
different group fitness settings.
 Formulate reasonable participant expectations.
 Set exercise goals using the SMART method.
 GFIs can use an exercise contract.
 Give regular, positive feedback.
 Participants can record their daily activity with an
exercise log.
 Make exercise sessions interesting and fun.
 Acknowledge exercise discomforts.
 Use exercise reminders, cues, and prompts.
 Encourage an extensive social-support system.
 The following two slides present a sample
exercise contract and a sample exercise log,
respectively.
Sample Exercise Contract
Sample Exercise Log
Strategies That Build Adherence

 Several strategies have proven successful


in different group fitness settings.
 Develop group camaraderie.
 Emphasize the positive aspects of exercise.
 Help participants develop intrinsic rewards.
 Prepare participants for inevitable missed
classes.
 Prepare participants for changes in instructors.
 Train to prevent exercise defeatism.
 Emphasize an overall healthy lifestyle.
Exercise and Body Image

 The perceived “ideal body type” is often


associated with extreme thinness.
 May put some individuals at risk for developing
eating disorders and addictions to exercise
 Guidelines for spotting a potential problem:
 Weight loss in a short time period
 Paleness
 Complaints of being cold
 Dressing in layers
 Dizziness and fainting
 Hair loss
 Dry skin
 Compulsive exercise
Summary

 This chapter covered:


 The application of the transtheoretical model of
behavioral change
 The personal attributes, environmental factors,
and physical-activity factors that influence
exercise participation and adherence
 The difference between intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation
 The characteristics of an ideal GFI
 Strategies that build exercise program adherence
 The relationship between exercise and body
image

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