Marshall Stability Test

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES
FOUNDATION
Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & ARCHITECTURE
Department of Mechanical Engineering.
ME 413L: ENGINEERING MATERIALS
LABORATORY
Name: JORAQ L. YANIS Experiment #: 1
Course/Year Level: BSME 4 Date Submitted: JULY 20, 2016
MARSHALL STABILITY TEST

THEORY
In this method, the resistance to plastic deformation of a compacted cylindrical specimen

of bituminous mixture is measured when the specimen is loaded diametrically at a
deformation rate 53 of 50 mm per minute. There are two major features of the Marshall
method of mix design. (i) density-voids analysis and (ii) stability-flow tests. The Marshall
stability of the mix is defined as the maximum load carried by the specimen at a standard
test temperature of 60°C. The flow value is the deformation that the test specimen
undergoes during loading up to the maximum load. Flow is measured in 0.25 mm units. In
this test, an attempt is made to obtain optimum binder content for the type of aggregate
mix used and the expected traffic intensity
APPARATUS
1. Specimen mould assembly comprising mould cylinders 10.16cm diameter by 6.35cm

height, base plate and extension collars.
2. Specimen extractor for extracting the compacted specimen from the mould.
3. Compaction hammer having a flat circular tamping face 4.5kg sliding weight
constructed to provide a free fall of 45 cm.
4. Compaction pedestal consisting of a 20×20×45 cm wooden block capped with

30×30×2.5 cm MS plate to hold the mould assembly in position during compaction.
5. Breaking head: this consists of upper and lower cylindrical segments or test heads
having an inside radius curvature of 5 cm.
6. Loading Machine: It is provided with a gear system to lift the upward direction.
Machine is capable of reversing its moment downward also. This facilitates adequate space
for placing test head system after one specimen has been tested.
7. Flow meter consists of guide, sieve and gauge. Least count of 0.025 mm is adequate.
The flow value refers to the total vertical upward movement from the initial position at zero
loads to value at maximum load.
SET UP
1. 1200 grams of aggregates blended in the desired proportions is measured and heated in
the oven to the mixing temperature.
2. Bitumen is added at the mixing temperature to produce viscosity of 170 ± centi-stokes

at various percentages.
3. The materials are mixed in a heated pan with heated mixing tools.
4. The mixture is returned to the oven and reheated to the compacting temperature (to
produce viscosity of 280±30 centi-stokes).
5. The mixture is then placed in a heated Marshall mould with a collar and base and the
mixture is spaded around the sides of the mould. A filter paper is placed under the sample
and on top of the sample.
6. The mould is placed in the Marshall Compaction pedestal.
7. The material is compacted with 50 blows of the hammer (or as specified), and the
sample is inverted and compacted in the other face with same number of blows.
8. After compaction, the mould is inverted. With collar on the bottom, the base is removed
and the sample is extracted by pushing it out the extractor.
9. The sample is allowed to stand for the few hours to cool.
10. The mass of the sample in air and when submerged is used to measure the density of
specimen, so as to allow, calculation of the void properties.
Marshall Stability & Flow Set up Marshall Specimen Extractor
PROCEDURE
1) Specimens are heated to 60 ±1oC either in a water bath for 30-40 minutes or in an
oven for minimum of 2 hours.
2) The specimens are removed from the water bath or oven and place in lower
segment of the breaking head. The upper segment of the breaking head of the
specimen is placed in position and the complete assembly is placed in position on
the testing machine.
3) The flow meter is placed over one of the post and is adjusted to read zero.
4) Load is applied at a rate of 50 mm per minute until the maximum load reading is
obtained.
5) The maximum load reading in Newton is observed. At the same instant the flow as
recorded on the flow meter in units of mm was also noted.
OBSERVATION
Specific Softening point(0C)

Sample Weight Weight in
gravity Sample
no in air(g) water(g)

1 1
2 2
3

When the asphalt was heated it was in molten form, and as observed it will remain molten
when heat is present. Once it is removed from heat and exposed to air it tends to harden
and also its weight changes with exposure to air.
CONCLUSION
In conducting the stability test, the specimen is immersed in a bath of water at a

temperature of 60° ± 1°C for a period of 30 minutes. It is then placed in the Marshall
Stability testing machine and loaded at a constant rate of deformation of 5 mm per minute
until failure. The total maximum in kN (that causes failure of the specimen) is taken as
Marshall Stability. The stability value so obtained is corrected for volume. The total amount
of deformation is units of 0.25 mm that occurs at maximum load is recorded as Flow Value.
The total time between removing the specimen from the bath and completion of the test
should not exceed 30 seconds.

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UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES

Salinas Drive, Lahug, Cebu City

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & ARCHITECTURE

Department of Mechanical Engineering.

ME 413L: ENGINEERING MATERIALS

Name: JORAQ L. YANIS Experiment #: 1

Course/Year Level: BSME 4 Date Submitted: JULY 20, 2016

MARSHALL STABILITY TEST

In this method, the resistance to plastic deformation of a compacted cylindrical specimen

1. Specimen mould assembly comprising mould cylinders 10.16cm diameter by 6.35cm

4. Compaction pedestal consisting of a 20×20×45 cm wooden block capped with

2. Bitumen is added at the mixing temperature to produce viscosity of 170 ± centi-stokes

6. The mould is placed in the Marshall Compaction pedestal.

9. The sample is allowed to stand for the few hours to cool.

Specific Softening point(0C)

In conducting the stability test, the specimen is immersed in a bath of water at a

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