Vidyamandir Classes

DC Circuits
Level - 0 CBSE Pattern

1. New resistivity will be  (unchanged) because resistivity is independent of dimensions of conductor.

2. The copper wires or aluminium wires are used for wiring in the home. The main considerations involved
in this process are cost of metal and good conductivity of metal.
3. The emf of a cell is greater than its terminal voltage because there is some potential drop across the cell
due to its small internal resistance
4. From colour-code table
Red Black Orange Silver
   
2 0 3 ±10%
R  20  10 3   10%  20k   10%
5. Ratio of deflection produced in the galvanometer to the current flowing through it.

Current sensitivity Si  SI unit of current sensitivity Si is division/ampere or radian/ampere.
I
6. Current drawn from a cell of emf E and internal resistance r in an external resistance R is
E
I 
R r
Clearly, for maximum current, the external resistance R should be zero i.e., for maximum current the
terminals of a cell must be short circuited.
7. The mathematical relation between mobility and drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor is given by
vd magnitude of the drift velocity
 
E electric field
(i) In electrolyte, the mobile charge carriers are both positive and negative ions.
(ii) In an ionised gas, the mobile charge carriers are electrons and positive ions.

8. When the same wire is stretched, its length increases but cross-sectional area decreases. The change in
resistance is due to both increase in length and decrease in cross-sectional area.
2
V l l 2 R  l 
Volume V  lA  constant, A   constant  R   l2   
l A V R  l 
10 l R 2
Given l  l 
100
l  1.1l 
l
 1.1 
R
 
 1.1  1.21

R  R  R 
% increase in resistance
R
 100%  
R  
 1   100%  1.21  1  100%  21%

 
1 ne 2
9. (i) Conductivity of a metallic conductor   . 
 m
With rise of temperature, the collision of electrons with fixed lattice
ions/atoms increases so that relaxation time ( ) decreases. Consequently, the
conductivity of metals decreases with rise of temperature. Figure represents
the variation of conductivity of metal with temperature. Initially the variation
of conductivity with temperature is linear and then it is non-linear.
(ii) Conductivity of ionic conductor increases with increase of temperature because with increase of
temperature, the ionic bonds break releasing positive and negative ions which are charge carriers
in ionic conductors.
Physics | DC Circuits 53 Workbook -4 | Solutions
Vidyamandir Classes

E E
10. When n resistors are in series, I  ; When n resistors are in parallel,  10 I
R  nR R
R
n
1n
 10  n  10
1
1
n
V
11. In parallel connection, potential difference V is same I 
R
2
Also R  l / r , i .e ., R  l  R1 : R 2 : R 3  l1 : l 2 : l 3  R1 : R 2 : R 3  l1 : l 2 : l 3  1 : 2 : 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 6:3:2
 I1 : I 2 : I 3  : :  : :   I1 : I 2 : I 3  6 : 3 : 2
R1 R2 R3 1 2 3 6
12. The half part of wire immersed in cold water is at lower temperature, so its resistance is less than that of
unimmersed part. The net resistance of wire will decrease and so the current will increase. The resistance
of exposed part is same as before therefore the heat produced ( I 2r ) in exposed part is increased, hence
the exposed part of the wire is heated up still more.
13. As, the voltage is applied across the cold filament, when it is first turned on, the resistance of the
filament is low, the current is high and a relatively large amount of power is delivered to the bulb. As the
filament warms, its resistance increases and the current decreases. As, a result, power delivered to bulb
decreases.
14. No current will flow through 2 resistor, because in a closed loop, total potential drop must be zero. So
10V  5 I1  0 … (i)

20V  10 I 2  0 … (ii)
and resistor 2 is not part of any loop ABCD and EFGH.
15. (i) By increasing resistance R, the current in main circuit decreases, so potential gradient
decreases. Hence a greater length of wire would be needed for balancing the same potential difference.
So, the null point would shift towards right (i.e., towards B).
E
(ii) By decreasing resistance S, the terminal potential difference V  across cell decreases, so
r
1
S
balance is obtained at small length i.e., point will be obtained at smaller length. So, the null
point would shift towards left (i.e., towards A).

16. When resistance of rheostat is increased, the resistance of circuit increases, so current in main circuit
decreases. As a result the potential difference across P decreases and that across Q increases; so
brightness of bulb P decreases and that of Q increases.
17. The element of heater is made of Nichrome which has high resistance, while the current carrying wires
are made of copper (or aluminium) which has low resistance. In series the current is same; therefore by
Joule’s law the heat produced Q  I 2Rt , depends only on resistance of the conductor. Hence the element
of heater is very hot due to its high resistance and the lead wires, cold due to their low resistance.
18. When battery is being charged by a 120 V d.c. supply, the current in battery is in opposite direction of
the normal connections of battery of supplying current. So the potential difference across battery
V  E  Ir … (i)
Given E  8 volt , r  0.5Ω
120  8 112
Current in circuit I   7A
  V  8  7  0.5  11.5 volt
15.5  0.5 16
Series resistance limits the current drawn from external d.c. source. In the absence of series resistance
the current may exceed the safe-value permitted by storage battery.
Physics | DC Circuits 54 Workbook -4 | Solutions
 Vidyamandir Classes

19. In case of balanced Wheatstone bridge, no current flows through the resistor 10 between points B and
C. The resistance of arm ACD, RS  10  20  30 ; The resistance of arm ABD, RS  5  10  15
1 2

RS  RS 30  15
Equivalent resistance Req  1 2   10
RS  RS 30  15
1 2
V 5 1
Current drawn from the source, I    A  0.5 A
Req 10 2
20. (i) The equivalent circuit is shown in fig. It is balanced Wheatstone bridge. So, the resistance
connected between C and D is ineffective.
Resistance of arm ACD, R1  R  R  2R ; Resistance of arm ADB, R 2  R  R  2R
Equivalent resistance between A and B,
1 1 1 2
R AB is given by     R AB  R  2Ω
R AB 2R 2R 2R

(ii) In arm CD, there is no current, I CD  0,

V
Current through arm ACD, i1 
R1
10 10 10
    2.5 A
2R 22 4

21. (i) Let  be emf and r the internal resistance of each cell.
The equation of terminal potential difference
V  eff  irint becomes

V  3  i rint … (i)

where rint is effective (total) internal resistance.

From fig., when i  0, V  6.0V
6
 From (i), 6  3  0    2V ; i.e., emf of each cell,   2V
3
(ii) For maximum power dissipation, the effective internal resistance of cells must be equal to
external resistance. From fig., when V  0, i  2.0 A.
3 32
 Equation (i) gives 0  3  2.0 rint    rint 
2.0

2.0
 3

 For maximum power, external resistance, R  rint  3

3 32
Current in circuit, i    1.0 A
R  rint 33

(i) Thus, emf of each cell,   2V and (ii) For maximum power dissipation, current in circuit = 1.0 A

22. Let l be the original length of the wire. Suppose a portion (l  x ) of the wire is stretched, so that the final
length of the whole wire becomes 1.5 l.
Let R1, R 2 be the resistance of the wire, before and after stretching.

A1, A2 be the area of cross-section of wire of portion of length x

and (1.5 l – x) after stretching.
 is the resistivity of the material of wire.

Physics | DC Circuits 55 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

As per question, R 2  4 R1 
4 l
… (i) But R2 

 1.5l  x   x 
4l
… (ii)
A1 A2 A1 A1
On stretching the wire, the total volume of the wire remains constants.
 
A1l  A2 1.5l  x  A1x  … (iii)

x 7 l x 87 1
Solving Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get   Fraction of length of wire elongated   
l 8 l 8 8
l
23. We know that, R  ; If l  1, A  1    R
A
Thus, resistivity of a material is numerically equal to the resistance of the conductor having unit length
and unit cross-sectional area.
The resistivity of a material is found to be dependent on the temperature. Different materials do not
exhibit the same dependence on temperatures. Over a limited range of temperatures, that is not too large,
the resistivity of a metallic conductor is approximately given by,

 
T  0 1   T  T0 
  ... (i)

Where T is the resistivity at a temperature T and 0 is the

same at a reference temperature T0 .  is called the

temperature co-efficient of resistivity.
The relation of equation (i) implies that a graph of T plotted against T
would be a straight line. At temperatures much lower than 0°C, the
graph, however, deviates considerably from a straight line (fig.)
Resistivity T of metallic conductor as a function of temperature T.

25. Relaxation time of free electrons drifting in a conductor is the average time elapsed between two
successive collisions.
Deduction of Ohm’s Law: Consider a conductor of length l and cross-sectional area A. When a potential
difference V is applied across its ends, the current produced is I. If n is the number of electrons per unit
vd
volume in the conductor and the drift velocity of electrons, then the relation between current and
drift velocity is
I  neAvd … (i)

where –e is the charge on electron e  1.6  10 19 C  

V
Electric field produced at each point of wire, E  … (ii)
l
e E
If  is relaxation time and E is electric field strength, then drift velocity vd   … (iii)
m
 e  ne 2
Substituting this value in (i), we get I  neA   E or I  AE … (iv)
 m  m
 
V
As E [from (ii)]
l
ne 2 A V V m l
 I  or  . … (v)
I 2
m l ne  A
 I  ne 2c
Current density J     V.
 A ml
 
This is relation between current density J and applied potential difference V.

Physics | DC Circuits 56 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Under given physical conditions (temperature, pressure) for a given conductor

m l
.  constant  This constant is called the resistance of the conductor (i.e. R)
ne 2  A
m l V
i .e., R . …(vi) From (v) and (vi) R …(vii)
2
ne  A I
This is Ohm’s law. From equation (vi) it is clear that the resistance of a wire depends on its length (l),
cross-sectional area (A), number of electrons per m 3 (n ) and the relaxation time (t).
Expression for resistivity :
l
As R …(viii)
A
m
Comparing (vi) and (viii), we get ; Resistivity of a conductor   …(ix)
me 2
Clearly, resistivity of a conductor is inversely proportional to number density of electrons and relaxation
time.
26. Relation between electric current and drift velocity:
Consider a uniform metallic wire XY of length l and cross-
sectional area A. A potential difference V is applied across the
ends X and Y of the wire. This causes an electric field at each
point of the wire of strength
V
E . … (i)
l
Due to this electric field, the electrons gain a drift velocity vd opposite to direction of electric field. If q be
the charge passing through the cross-section of wire in t seconds, then
q
Current in wire I  … (ii)
t
The distance traversed by each electron in time t = average velocity × time  vd t
If we consider two planes P and Q at a distance vd t in a conductor, then the total charge flowing in time
t will be equal to the total charge on the electrons present within the cylinder PQ. The volume of this
cylinder = cross sectional area × height  Av d t
If n is the number of free electrons in the wire per unit volume, then the number of free electrons in the
cylinder  n( Avd t )

 
If charge on each electron is e e  1.6  10 19C , then the total charge flowing through a cross-section

q neAvd t
of the wire q  nAvdt   e   neAvdt … (iii)  Current flowing in the wire, I 
t

t
i .e., current I  neAvd … (iv)
This is the relation between electric current and drift velocity. Negative sign shows that the direction of
current is opposite to the drift velocity.
I
Numerically I  neAvd … (v) Current density.  J   nevd  J  vd .
A
That is, current density of a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the drift velocity.

27. Metre Bridge: Special Case of Wheatstone Bridge

It is a device based on Wheatstone bridge to determine the unknown resistance of a wire. If ratio of arms
resistors in Wheatstone bridge is constant, then no current flows through the galvanometer (or bridge
wire).

Physics | DC Circuits 57 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Construction: It consists of a uniform 1 metre long wire AC of constantan or manganin fixed along a
scale on a wooden base (fig.) The ends A and C of wire are joined to two L-shaped copper strips carrying
connecting screws as shown in the figure. In between these copper strips, there is a third straight copper
strip having three connecting screws. The middle screw D is connected to a sensitive galvanometer. The
other terminal of galvanometer is connected to a sliding jockey B. The jockey can be made to move
anywhere parallel to wire AC. By pressing the knob of jockey, it begins to touch the wire.
Circuit: To find the unknown resistance S, the circuit is
complete as shown in fig. The unknown resistance wire of
resistance S is connected across the gap between points C
and D and a resistance box (R) is connected across the gap
between the points A and D. A cell, a rheostat and a key (K) is
connected between the points A and C by means of
connecting screws. In the experiment when the sliding jockey
touches the wire AC at any point, then the wire is divided into
two parts. These two parts AB and BC act as the resistances P
and Q of the Wheatstone bridge. In this way the resistances of
arms AB, BC, AD and DC from the resistances P, Q, R and S
of Wheatstone bridge. Thus the circuit of metre bridge is the
same as that of Wheatstone bridge.
Method : To determine unknown resistance first of all key K is closed and a resistance R is taken in the
resistance box in such a way that on pressing jockey B at end points A and C, the deflection in
galvanometer is on both the sides. Now jockey is slided on wire at such a position that on pressing the
jockey on the wire at that point, there is no deflection in the galvanometer G. In this position the points B
and D are at the same potential; therefore the bridge is balanced. The point B is called the null point. The
length of both parts AB and BC of the wire are read on the scale. The condition of balance of Wheatstone
bridge is
P R Q
  Unknown resistance, S    R … (i)
Q S P
 
To Determine Specific Resistance:
If r is the resistance per cm length of wire AC and l cm is the length of wire AB, then length of wire BC
will be (100 – l) cm.
 P = resistance of wire AB = lr ; Q = resistance of wire BC = (100–l)r

Substituting these values in equation (i), we get ; S 

100  l  r  R or S 
100  l
R … (ii)
lr l
As the resistance (R) of wire (AB) are known, the resistance S may be calculated.
A number of observations are taken for different resistances taken in resistance box and S is calculated
each time and the mean value of S is found.

SA S r 2
Specific resistance  
l L
Knowing resistance S, radius r by screw gauge and length of wire L by metre scale, the value of  may be
calculated.
Why very small resistances cannot be measured accurately: In the derivation of formula, the
resistances of copper straps and connecting wires are ignored. That is why metre bridge cannot be used
for measuring very small resistances.

Physics | DC Circuits 58 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Precautions:
(i) In this experiment the resistances of the copper strips and connecting screws have not been
taken into account. These resistances are called end-resistances. Therefore very small
resistances cannot be found accurately by metre bridge. The resistance S should not be very
small.
(ii) The current should not flow in the metre bridge wire for a long time, otherwise the wire will
become hot and its resistance will be changed.
(iii) The resistivity of copper is several times less than the resistivity of the experimental alloy wire. As
such area of thick copper strips is more, so copper strips almost offer zero resistance in the
circuit.
(iv) If any one resistance in Wheatstone bridge is either very small (or very large) in respect of other,
then balance point might be very close to terminal A or terminal B. So generally balance point is
taken in the middle of the bridge wire.

Physics | DC Circuits 59 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 (DTS-1) JEE Main Pattern

I
1.(C) Vd 
neA
2.(B)
    
30  RC 1  0.5  10 3 T   R A 1  4  10 3 T 

Also RC + RA = 30 …(i)
 RC  0.5   4 A A  RC  8 R A  R A  10/ 3 Ω & R C  80 / 3Ω

12 2 2 m m
3.(C) R1 : R 2 : R 3  : 2 : 3 4.(D)   
2
m1 m 2 m 3 ne  ne 2
3 3
3
5.(B) q 
 I dt 
 2t  3t 2  dt = t2  t3
2
 24C
2 2
6.(D) In metallic conductors, the number of free electrons remains nearly constant with temperature. By
contrast, in semiconductors, the number of free electrons rises appreciably with rise in temperature,
leading to a decrease in resistivity.
V2  60 2 60 ne I t 2.6  60
7.(B) R    22.5  ; I   2.6 A ; I  or n    1021 .
P 160 22.5 t e 1.6  10 19
2
I1  r2 3 2 1
8.(B) Since '  ' is same for both wires.  2 1     .
I2 2  
4 3 3
1 r2
eE
9.(D) The thermal velocity of the electrons increases with temperature. Vd  ,  decreases with increase in
m
temperature.
Vd Vd 0.5  2
10.(D) Vd  E       4.5  10 3 m 2 V 1s 1
E V / 220
11.(C) In series, current through the wires is equal. Current, i  nAev d
1
So, everything else being constant, v d  12.(B)
n
13.(C) n, τ and ρ since these are material properties and are constant for a material provided that the
temperature is constant.
2

14.(B) 

3  10 3   0.3  10 2   27   10 9 m
1
  thickness 10 3
R   27   10 9  = 2.7  10 7  .
A 2

 1  10 2 
15.(D) As current is rate of flow of charge in the direction in which positive charge will move, the current due to
electron will be
n q
ie  e e  3 1018  1.6  10 19  0 .48 A
t
(Opposite to the motion of electrons, i.e., right to left)
Current due to protons
n pq p
ip   2 1018 1.6 10 19  0.32 A (Right to left)
t
So total I  ie  i p ; 0.48  0.32  0.80 A (Right to left)

Physics | DC Circuits 60 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 (DTS-2) JEE Main Pattern

12 12  4 24 1 1 3
16.(C) i  , Req   2  1  6 ; i  2 A, i1   A and i 2  2   A
R eq 12  4 12  4 2 2 2
2E
17.(C) I 
R  r1  r2
Acc. to question
E  Ir1  0
2 Er1
E  0  R  r1  r2
R  r1  r2
2E E 2E
18.(B) In series current i s  ; In parallel current i p  
2  2r r 4 r
2
2
2E 2E
As is = i p ;   r  2
2  2r 4r
12 11 20
19.(B) E  V  Ir  12  r …(i) r ; …(ii)
E  11  Solve for r  
16 10 7
20.(A) For Anti-Clock wise
20  E  10 10  E  20
 2 and for Clock wise E  2v  2 ; E  22V
6 6
21.(B) Using Kirchoff’s loop rule in loops (1) and (2), we have   R i1  i 2   i1R1  0
and i1R1  i 2 R2  0 . After solving equations, and substituting the
known values, we get ; i1  1.2 A and i 2  0.8 A
nE E
22.(C) For 'n' cell battery I   . ; I is independent of Number of cells.
nr r
23.(C) VPQ = 40 volts
 12  6   5  8  2  2  i  40
 17i = 34  i = 2A
 P.d. across battery A is 6  2i  2V
24.(B)

i1  2 A
i2  2A
12  12 i 2  i1   6i1  0
12  12 i 2  i1   6i 2  0
V A  VB  12  0
V A  VB  0
2Er1
25.(C) E  R  r1  r2
r1  r2  R
26.(C) P.d. across each resistance in 9V as they are in parallel so current of 1A flows in each resistance =
reading of ammeter is 5 A.

Physics | DC Circuits 61 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A

9V

A
5A
27.(B) E  V  ir  iR  ir  i ( R  r ) …(i)
V = iR …(ii)
E R r r E V 
 1  r  R
V R R  V 
28.(C) Reff  4  ; Use current dividing Rule.

8
29.(C) R 2, R 3 and R 4 are in parallel. So, equivalent resistance of the circuit, Req  
3
8
So, current through the battery, i0   3A
8
 
3
 
i
Current through R 4 , i  0  1A
3
30.(A) Req  75 
3
i  A
75
Use current dividing Rule for current.

Physics | DC Circuits 62 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 (DTS-3) JEE Main Pattern

6E 12 E
31.(A) 18  and 24   r  6Ω ,E = 36V
6 r 12  r
36  4 1.5R
6 ||12  4Ω  Reading =  14.4 V
46
32.(A) V2 = V3 [Parallel] V2
R
Using KCL & current dividing rule V1 = V2 = V3.
V1
V3
33.(D) Let the EMF of the battery be E
3R
E
Current in the circuit, i
10  20   103
P.D. across V1 
V1 = i 20  103  80 
Solving, we get E = 120 V
X AJ AJ
34.(B) In the balanced condition,  
R JB 100  AJ
Therefore, for R 18 , AJ = 40 cm
And for R  8 , AJ = 60 cm
S 1 40 1
35.(C)     G  40 
G S 2 G  40 2
36.(C) When galvanometer shows zero deflection, current through the main circuit,
5
i 1 A
0.5  4.5
By applying KVL in the smaller loop,

i R AC  3   R AC  3 
R 
Since the resistance per unit length of the potentiometer wire is uniform, ; AC  AB  AC   80 cm
R 
 AB 

37.(B) Resistance of the galvanometer, G  20 

0.2
Maximum allowable current in it,  0.01 A iG 
20
To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter, a resistance has to be connected in parallel with it. Let this
resistance be S
i G
Then, we know that iG G  i  iG S  S G   0.02 
i  iG  
V
38.(C) When resistance 100  is connected in series i  …(i)
100  R
2V
When resistance of 100  is connected in series, then its range is double i  …(ii)
1100  R
On solving (i) & (ii), we get : R  900  39.(D) A high resistance is connected in series.
E1 1 E1  2 1.5  54 V
40.(A)   E2    3V 41.(D) Use formula RS   Rg
E2 2 1 27 Ig

Physics | DC Circuits 63 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

15 1
42.(B) R total  60  ; I   A.
60 4
1
20  
V 4
Potential gradient =     5 V m 1 ; Potential drop across 24 cm = 5 × 0.24 = 1.2 V.
 1
e R
43.(C) Use potential gradient n 
R  R  r  L
44.(C) Remember that if the resistances in a Wheatstone bridge are R1, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in cyclic order, then the
condition for the bridge to be balanced is ; R1R 3  R 2R 4
V 100
45.(B) Maximum P.D. that can be measured,  
V  G  S iG ; So, S 
iG
G 
0.1
 10  990 

Physics | DC Circuits 64 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 (DTS-4) JEE Main Pattern

46.(D) Circuit reduces to

48 8
47.(C) R AB   
48 3

48.(D) The given circuit is equivalent to Wheatstone Bridge

49.(D)

50.(B) Use symmetry method

2 2
51.(C) Resistance of each bulb, R 
 Rated voltage  
 220  
Rated power 100
Total power consumed when both bulbs are connected in series with 220 V supply,
2
Ptotal 
220 
 50 W
2R
52.(B) In domestic circuits, all appliances are connected in parallel with each other. So, potential difference
across each appliance is the same and is equal to the supply voltage.

Maximum total current =

Maximum total power

2 2000   5 120    8  25   21.8 A
Supply voltage 220

Physics | DC Circuits 65 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

53.(A) In a balanced Wheatstone network, the product of both pairs of directly facing resistances must be equal.
So, let us shunt the 10  resistance with a resistance R.
 10R 
Then, 
 10  R      
 6  5 6  R  10 
 

3Ω C 3Ω D 3Ω
54.(A)

A 3Ω 3Ω B
3Ω
E 3Ω F 3Ω
By symmetry C & E are equipotential and D and F are also equipotential
3Ω C 3Ω D 3Ω

A B
3Ω 3Ω 3Ω
E F
9
 R AB  9Ω || 9Ω = Ω
2
E E
55.(C) i1  i2  ; As Heat produced H  i 2Rt
R1  r R2  r
2 2
 E   E 
  R1    R2  r  R1R 2
 R r   R r 
 1   2 
V2  6 V2  4
56.(B)  150 and  196  r  1
2 2
r  6 r  4
R1 40
57.(A) Initially, 
R2 60
When R 2 is shunted by a 10  resistance, its value becomes
10 R 2 R1 50
R2  ; Then, 
10  R 2  10R
2
 50
 
 10  R 
 2 
10
Solving, we get R1   and R 2  5 
3
E 3 E 6
58.(B) V1   E  0.75E ; V2  . 6R  E  0.86 E
R  3R 4 R  6R 7
E 2
V3  . 2R  E  0.66E ; V2  V1  V3
R  2R 3

59.(B) The “brightness” that a bulb shows is related to the power consumed by it.
Since the bulbs are identical, let the resistance of each of them be R and let the EMF of the battery be E
E
When the switch S is open, current through X and Y is and current through Z is zero.
2R
2
 E  E2
Power consumed by X (and power consumed by Y), ; PX  PY    R 
 2R  4R
 

Physics | DC Circuits 66 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

3R
Now, if the switch S is closed, net resistance of the circuit is .
2
2E E
So, current through X is and current through both Y and Z is .
3R 3R
2
 2E  4E 2
Therefore, power consumed by X ; PX    R 
 3R  9R
 
2
 E  E2
And, power consumed by each of Y and Z ; PY  PZ    R 
 3R  9R
 
So, when the switch is closed, the brightness of X increases and the brightness of Y decreases.
9
60.(D) Net resistance of a circuit is 9Ω So, current from cell i   1 A = current through 3Ω resistor.
9
Potential difference between points A and B is V A  VB  9  1  3  2   4V  8i 2
 i1  0.5 A, i 2  1  i1  0.5 A
Potential difference between C and D,
VC  VD  V A  VB   i 2  2  2 
 4  4i 2  4  4  0.5   2V  8i 3
 i 3  0.25 A
 i 4  i 2  i 3  0.5  0.25
 i 4  0.25 A

Physics | DC Circuits 67 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 1 (DTS-5) JEE Main Pattern

61.(6.25) Let d1 and d2 be the inner and outer diameter of the conductor respectively

Area of cross-section of the conductor, A
4
d 2 2
2  d1 
ρL
Resistance of the conductor, R 
A
2    25   2 2 
V 2
V A 2
V A 2 100     0.04
 4  8  
  
 0.02   
   
Rate of heat dissipation, H   ; ρ   6.25  m
R ρL HL   
15 0.1
62.(37.5) Let the resistances of the bulbs be R A and R B .

Then,
 220 2  100 and
 220 2  60
RA RB
2 2
Therefore RA 
220  and RB 
220 
100 60
So, total power consumed when the bulbs are connected in series with the 220 V supply,
2
Ptot 
220  
1
 37.5 W
R A  RB 1 1

100 60
63.(25) If the total current drawn is Itot , the total power consumed is Ptot  VItot  220 Itot  
So, the maximum total current is drawn when all the appliances are switched on at the same time. In
this situation, the total power consumed is just the sum of their individual powers.
12100   15 20   2 2000   25 A
Therefore,  Itot max  220
64.(54) EMF of the cell = (Current through potentiometer wire) × (Resistance of balancing length)
  45  
Therefore, ε  2  

 100
 60   54 V
 
 
  
65.(1.08) Let the length of the conductor be l, let its area of cross-section be A, let its resistivity at 20 oC

be ρ0 and let its resistance at 20 oC be R 0 .

 l 
Then, R 0  ρ0  
A
 
Let the resistivity at 100 oC be ρ and let the resistance at 100 oC be R
 l 
Then,

 
ρ  ρ0 1  10 3 100  20 

 and, R  ρ 
A
 
Combining the equations, we get 
R  1.08 R0 
The applied potential difference is the same at both temperatures,
V2 V2
So, H0  and H 
R0 R
H0 R
Therefore,   1.08
H R0

Physics | DC Circuits 68 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

66.(15) Equivalent circuit diagram of the circuit is

So Req  15 

67.(760) i g G  R   V , 102 40  R  8, R  760

 
18
68.(2) Potential difference across R  18V ; So I   2A
9
69.(7) By applying KCL, we can find that the current through the 1  resistance is 2 A.
So, VG  2  4  3  2  2  2  1  VH ; VG  VH  7 V
70.(4.5) Let V be the potential of the junction.
Let the currents flowing towards A, B and the ground from the junction be i1, i2 and i3 respectively.
V  20 V  5 V  0
By KCL at the junction, i1  i2  i3  0    0  V = 9 Volt
2 4 2
9
So, the current through the switch, i   4.5 A
2
50
71.(75) The maximum current that can be passed through any resistor is   0.5 A
200
And, if the current in the first resistance (the one closest to A) is 0.5 A, the current in the other two
resistances will be 0.25 A each.
2
So, total rate of heat dissipation, Ptot  0.5  300   75 W
1.5 10
72.(600)With the switches open, current through the ammeter, i1   mA
100  50  300 3
With both switches closed, there is no current through 50  .
1.5
Now, current through the battery, i 
100 R
300 
100  R
 R 
And, the current through the ammeter, i2   i Solving, we get R  600 
 R  100 
 
73.(9) Potentials are indicated in figure
10  ( 5) 15
Current in 2    7.5 A , leftwards
2 2
10  ( 15) 25 5 i1
Current in 30    A , downwards ; 9
30 30 6 i2
74.(8) KVL a  b  c  d  a
I (15  2.5  5  2.5  25)  5  5
10 1
I  A 
50 5
KVL A  a  b  B
V A  I (25)  I (15)  VB
1
V A  VB  I (40)   40 V A  VB  8 volt
5
V 
 
i R V 200
75.(11) Current density, j        1011 A / m 2
A A L 10 8 0.2   

Physics | DC Circuits 69 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 2 (DTS-1) JEE Advanced Pattern

76.(B)

 {(1  6  10 3 T )} {     10 3 T )] 
77.(B) R ; R  ;  {(1  (6 1  2) 103 T )
A 3 A
A(1  2 10 T )

So, R   R [1  5  103 T ]
78.(B) Let the potential difference applied across a wire be V, the electric field in the wire be E, and the current
density in the wire be j
V V j1  
E ρj  ρj  j   2 2
 ρ  j 2 11

I I 2.56 1  10 2
79.(A) J  ; J  NeVd ; Vd    2  10 4 Hence t   50 sec
A  6 28
ANe 10  8  10  1.6  10 19
2  10 4
m 9.1  10 31
80.(A)    10 13 sec .
Ne 2
1.6  10 8
 8  10 28
 (1.6  10 19 2
) 
2.56
81.(A) S  2  10 4  10  2  10 3 ; E  J  1.6  10 8  ; V  Es  80 V
10 6
82.(C) Rotating charge is equivalent to current.
Q 2 Q
I  where T = time period = ; Hence I 
T  2

b  a 
83.(BD) r a  x
  
Let  : resistivity of the material

 dx 
 Resistance of the cone =
  b a 
2

ab
0  a  
  x
    
abV
 i = current flowing in the wire =

dx
At a distance x from left end; Let dV: p.d. across a element length dx  dR 
2
 b  a  
 a   x 
    
2
 dx  b  a  
 dV  i dR  dV  i where A   a   x
A     
dV i  dQ
 E    (B) is correct and  i2 H  i 2dR
 (D) is correct. 
dx A dx A
 V
84.(A) If the resistance of the wire is R, its area of cross section is A, and its length is   R  ,I 
A R
85. A-P, B-R, C-S,D-Q
i jA j E 1
(A)    (B)  
 E .A E j 
V EAV V 2 A V V  EL 
(C) V     V 2 /R (D)   R
  L   EA

Physics | DC Circuits 70 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 2 (DTS-2) JEE Advanced Pattern

86.(C) The emf of cells connected in reverse polarity cancel each other.
Hence, cells marked 2, 3 and 4 together cancel the effect of cells
marked 5, 6 and 7, the circuit reduces to that shown in the figure.
Hence, voltmeter reading = 5
87.(A) Let E be the emf of each cell and let n be the number of cells connected wrongly. Then, the net emf of the
battery is equal to the emf of correctly connected cells–emf of wrongly connected cells.
 12  n  E  nE  12  2n  E
When the two cells aid the battery, the net emf is E1  12  2n  E  2E  14  2n  E
E1 14  2n  E
If R is the resistance in the circuit, the current is i1 
 …(i)
R R
When the two cells oppose the battery, the net emf is E 2  12  2n  E  2 E  10  2n  E …(ii)
10  2n  E
Now, the current in the circuit is i 2 
R
i1 14  2n   7  n 
Dividing Eqs. (i) by Eq. (ii), we get  
i 2 10  2n  5  n 
3 7  n 
Given, i1  3 A and i 2  2 A ; Thus, 
2 5  n 
Which gives n = 1, Hence, one cell in the battery is wrongly connected.

88.(ABCD) At maximum power dissipation, r  R

E
So i   5 A and i 2 R  5 watt solving R  r  0.2
2R
Also at i  2 A, P  i 2 R
3E
89.(B) In the first case, i 
R
Where, E is the emf of each cell and R   L  is the resistance of the wire.

Also, i 2Rt  msT …(i)

Where, m is the mass of length L of wire and s is the specific heat of the material of the wire.
NE
In the second case, i  (where, R   2L )
R
i 2R t  m s T . . . (ii)
Dividing Eq. (ii) by (i), we get
 N 2   R   m   N2  1
 .       . 2 ; N=6
 9   R   m   9   2 
   

5
90.(D) Req   1.5  4 A
2
V 20
Current through cell =   5A
R 4
i
So, current through each branch =  2.5 A
2
Now, considering loop
Now, applying Kirchhoff’s rule to part loop P to Q

V p  2  2.5  3  2.5  VQ  VP  VQ  2.5V

Physics | DC Circuits 71 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

E E
91. (B) V AB  E  ir  1.6 for R  4Ω and V AB   E  i r  1.8 for R  9Ω i  , i 
R r R  r
Substitute the value to get : r  1Ω and E  2V
2
92.(C) V = E + IR = 12 + 50(0.04) = 14V 93.(A) P  I 2 R   50   0.04   100W
94.(A) r0  r  r ....n times  nr
Net emf = n  1 E  E  n  2  E
Req  nr
 n  2  E  2E
Potential difference V  E  ir  E   r 
 nr  n

95.(BD)

Power supplied by 20V cell = (–1) (20) = – 20 W (as the cell is not supplying the power, it is eating the
power, getting charged)

Physics | DC Circuits 72 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

E E
91. (B) V AB  E  ir  1.6 for R  4Ω and V AB   E  i r  1.8 for R  9Ω i  , i 
R r R  r
Substitute the value to get : r  1Ω and E  2V
2
92.(C) V = E + IR = 12 + 50(0.04) = 14V 93.(A) P  I 2 R   50   0.04   100W
94.(A) r0  r  r ....n times  nr
Net emf = n  1 E  E  n  2  E
Req  nr
 n  2  E  2E
Potential difference V  E  ir  E   r 
 nr  n

95.(BD)

Power supplied by 20V cell = (–1) (20) = – 20 W (as the cell is not supplying the power, it is eating the
power, getting charged)

Physics | DC Circuits 72 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 2 (DTS-3) JEE Advanced Pattern

R1  10 50
96.(A)  …(i) [Case-1]
R2 50
R1 40
 …(ii) [Case-2]
R 2 60
An solving (i) and (ii), we get: R1  20Ω and R 2  30Ω
97.(B) From given graph at l  20cm ; I  0mA
6.00
98.(B) E-IR = xl here x  V / cm ; By putting values of I and l
100
6.00
We get E  0  R   20
100
6.0
E   1.20V
5
99.(A) At l  0cm ; I  37.5mA
E  IR  xl
By putting values of I and l
E  37.5  10 3 R
E
R   32 or for l  100cm , I  –150mA,
37.5  10 3
6 – 1.2 – 0.15 R  0

Gives R = 32 ohm

100.(BC)
Case-I
I  I 4
5 G4
G  4  20
G  16 
Case-II

I  4 / 3 I
I  
4 13
16 
3
101.(A) E1  k 
E  R 
E1   A  
 R  
 
 E A  1.5 R 
Also E2    
 1.5R  1.5 
 
E1 1.5 3
 
E2 1 2

102.(A) i  2  x  300 …(i)

i  R  x  360 …(ii) R  2.4Ω

Physics | DC Circuits 73 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

R .RV
103.(A) R A  R
R  RV
104.(A) R B  R  RG  R
RA  R  RV  R
105.(D) % error in case A =  100%    1   100%   100%  1%
R  R  RV  R  RV
R R R
% error in case B = B  100%  G  100%  10%
R R
Hence percentage error in circuit B is more than that in A.

Physics | DC Circuits 74 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

Level – 2 (DTS-4) JEE Advanced Pattern

106.(B) To redraw circuit, we join resistors across points which are same potentials. This can be judged on the
basis of symmetry of circuit.

R R R 2R  R  2R
Req    
3 6 3 6

5R
 Ω
6
107.(C) Given circuit is

The circuit is equivalent to

Now, given VBC  48V

VBC 48
So, current through 8Ω resistor, l1    6A
R BC 8
V 48
and current through 24Ω resistor, l 2    2A
R 24
Hence, current flowing out of network l1  l 2  6  2  8 A
 Current flowing through XY is 8A.
1 1 1 1 3  2 1 60
Now,      Req   10Ω
Req 20 30 60 60 6
1 1 1 13 24
    Req   6Ω
Req 24 8 24 4
So, R XY  3  10  6  19Ω ; Hence, V XY  lR XY  8  19  152V

Physics | DC Circuits 75 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

10  10 66
108.(B) Req   5, Req  3  R AB  4Ω
10  10 66

R n  1
109.(AC) Req 
|| R
n n
R n  1
 R
n  1
Req  n n  R
R n  1
 R n2
n n
Req is maximum for n = 2, and Req decreases towards zero as n becomes very large.

110.(ABCD) The two circuit can be re-drawn as

R 2R  x  Ry
So, x  and y  2R 
3R  x R y
 3 Rx  x 2  2R 2  Rx  Ry  y 2  2 R 2  2 Ry  Ry
 x 2  2 Rx  2 R 2  0 or, y 2  2Ry  2 R 2  0

2 R  4 R 2  8 R 2 2 R  4 R 2  8R 2
x  y
2 2
x   3 1 R   R 1 3  
xy  R 2  3 1 3  1  2R 2
 ; y  x  2R

R1 x2
111.(D) From the given circuit diagram   x  50 3
R2 (100)2  x 2

R2 y2
Also
R1

(100)2  y 2
 y  50 ;   50  
3  1 cm

112.(ABD) Re drawing the circuit

So, RCG  3k 
12
I   4mA ; VEG  4mA  1k   4V
3k 
113.(A) Let the resistance of winding 1 and 2 are R1 and R 2 respectively

V2 V2
 When winding 1 is present, P   m water L f  15 . . . (i)
R1 R1

V2 V2
For 2nd winding, P   m water L f   30 . . .(ii)
R2 R2
when the winding are joined in series,
V2  V2 
Req  ( R1  R 2 )  P  m water L f   t . . . (iii)
( R1  R 2 )  R R 
 1 2 
From eqns. (i), (ii) and (iii), t = 45 min.

Physics | DC Circuits 76 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

114. A- P, S; B-Q, R ; C-Q ; D-P

(A) When switch S1 is closed (B)

(C) (D)

115.(BC)VBA = 1V VEA = 7V VIA = 4V

VCA = 3V VFA = 0V
VDA = 6 VGA = 2V
VHA = 0V

Physics | DC Circuits 77 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Archive JEE Main

1.(B) Case I
V2
Using the formula, P  ... (i)
R
where, R is resistance of wire, V is voltage across wire and P is power dissipation in wire
l
and R  ... (ii)
A
V2 V2
From equations (i) and (ii), we have 1  or 1  A ... (iii)
l / A l
Case II
R R R
Let R2 be net resistance of two wires in parallel, then R 2  
R R 2
where, R is the resistance of half wire
l 
  2
 R2   2   l or P  V  4 A ... (iv)
2
A 2 4A l
P1 1 P2 4
Hence, from equations (iii) and (iv), we get :   
P2 4 P1 1
2
V
2.(B) P 
Rnet

15 2
 150   R  6
R2
2R
V l
3.(D) V l  
E L
Where, l = balance point distance
l 30  E 30
L = length of potentiometer wire or V  E or V   E
L 100 100
4.(B) Resistance in the arms AC and BC are in series.
63
 Req   2Ω
63
3
Now, V = IR  I   1.5 A
2
5.(D) Given, l   l  l  2 l ; Initial volume = Final volume

2 r2 l r2 l 2l  l    4l
i.e. r 2l   r   or r 2   r2  or r2   R    2  R     4R
2 2l 2 A (r )  A r 2
R 3R
Thus, R  R   R  4 R  R  3 R  %   100%  300%
R R
V 2 (220)2
6.(C) R   where, V and P are denoting rated voltage and power, respectively.
P 1000
2
Vapplied
110  110
 Pconsumed 
  1000  250 W
R 220  220
7.(A) Thermo-emf of thermocouple  25 V / C
Let  be the smallest temperature difference. Therefore, after connecting the thermocouple with the
galvanometer, thermo-emf E  (25V / C)  (C)  25  10 6 V
Potential drop developed across the galvanometer  IR  10 5  40  4  10 4 V

Physics | DC Circuits 80 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

4
 4  10 4  25  10 6 or   10 2  16C
25
8.(D) E  a   b 2 [given]
dE
For neutral temperature ( n ), 0  a  2b n  0
d
a 700  a 
or n    n     700C
2b 2  b 
 350C  0C
But neutral temperature can never be negative (less than zero) i.e., n  0C.
Hence, no neutral temperature is possible for this thermocouple.

9.(C) The equivalent circuit can be drawn as 6  and 2  are in parallel.

26
R   1.5 
8

As 1.5  and 1.5  are in series.

R  1.5  1.5  2 Ω
As 3  and 3 
33
Req   1.5 
6
Hence, current supplied by the battery is
V 6
I    4A
Req 1.5
10.(A) Let resistances be R1 and R2.
R1R 2 n  R1R2
Then S = R1 + R2 and P    R1  R2    S  nP 
R1  R 2 R1  R2
 R12  R22  2 R1R 2   R1 R 2 
or (R1 + R2)2 = nR1R2 
n     2
 R1R 2   R 2 R1 
We know, Arithmetic mean  Geometric Mean
R1 R2

R 2 R1 R1 R 2 R1 R2
    2
2 R2 R1 R 2 R1
So, n (minimum value) = 2 + 2 = 4
11.(A) Meter bridge is an arrangement which works on wheatstone’s principle, so the balancing condition
R l1
is 
S l2
Where, l2 = 100 – l1

Physics | DC Circuits 81 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

X 20
Case 1 R = X, S = Y, l1 = 20cm ; l2 = 100 – 20 = 80 cm
  ... (i)
Y 80
Case II Let the position of null put be obtained at a distance l from same end.
 R = 4X, S = Y ; l1 = l, l2 = 100 – l
So, from equation (i), we get :
4X l X l
 ;  ... (ii)
Y 100  l Y 4 100  l 
Therefore, for equation (i) and (ii), we get :
l 20 l 1
   or l  100  l or 2 × l = 100
4 100  l  80 4 100  l  4
Hence, l = 50cm
E
12.(B) I 
R r
E
I   constant
R
where, R = external resistance
r = internal resistance
If r is very large, I will be approximately constant.
V 2 200  200 400
13.(A) P V2 /R  R hot    400   R cold   40 
P 100 10

14.(B) The galvanometer shows zero deflection, i.e., current through XY is zero
As a result potential drop across R is 2V. Circuit can be redrawn as
12
I 
500  R
12
Voltage across R, V = 1R  2 R  R  100 
500  R
15.(B) As R1, R 2 and R in series.
2E
Req  R1  R 2  R  New Current I 
R1  R 2  R
According to the question – (VA – VB) = E – IR2
 0 = E – IR2 or E = IR2
2E
or E  R2 or R1 + R2 + R = 2R2 or R = R2 – R1
R1  R 2  R
V2 V2 H2
16.(A) A heat generated H1  t and H 2  t   2 or H 2  2 H1
R  R /2  H1
 l1  l 2   240 120 
17.(D) The internal resistance of the cell, r   R   2  2Ω
 l  120
 2   
V2 1 1 P1 l1 2
18.(A) P   P  and R  l  P    
R R l P2 l2 1
19.(D) Let   A  l A  rA  A A  and  B  il B  rB  A B  be specific resistances lengths, radii and areas of wires A and B,
respectively.
 Al A  Al A  Bl B  Bl B 2 A  l B IB 2
Resistance of A  R A   ; Resistance B  R B    or   2 1
AA rA2 rA2 rB2 2
  2rA  IA 1

V2  220 2
20.(C) Resistance of electric bulb, R   R 
P 100

Physics | DC Circuits 82 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

110 2
Power consumed at 110V.  Pconsumed   25W
 220 2 /100
21.(B) Let resistance of bulb filament be R 0 at 0°C, then from expression,
R   R0 1   θ 
We have, 100  R 0 1  0.005  100  and 200  R0 1  0.005  x 
Where, x is temperature in °C at which resistance become 200 Ω . Dividing the above two equations, we
get :
200 1  0.005x
  x  400C
100 1  0.005  100
22.(B) For balanced Wheatstone bridge.
P R S1S2 P R  S1  S 2 
 Here, S  S1 || S2   
Q S S1  S 2 Q S1S 2
23.(D) Kirchhoff’s first law or KCL states that the algebraic sum of current meeting at any junction is equal to
zero. In other words, we can say that “The sum of all the currents directed towards a junction in a circuit
is equal to the sum of all the currents directed away from that junction”
Thus, no charge has been accumulated at any junction, i.e. charged is conserved and hence we can say
that KC(  i  0 ) is based on conservation of charge.

Kirchhoff’s lind law or KVl states that algebraic sum of changes in potential around any closed resistor
loop must be zero. In other words, “Around any closed loop, voltage droops are equal to voltage rises”.
No energy is gained or lost in circulating a charge around a loop. Thus we can say that KVL is based on
conservation of energy.
24.(B) The given circuit can be redrawn as

Which is a balanced Wheatstone bridge and hence no current flow in the middle resistor, so equivalent
circuit would be as shown below :
V 5
30  ||15  10  ; I    0.5 A
R 10
25.(C) From Rt  R 0 1  t   5  R 0 1  50  ... (i)
and 6  R0 1  100   ... (ii)
5 1  50 1
  or  
6 1  100 200
 1 
Putting the value of  in equation (i), we get: 5  R 0 1  50    R0  4 
 200 
26.(B) When bridge is balanced, ratio of resistance in opposite arms is equal
P R

Q S
Given, P  55 Ω  Q  R
As R  l1 , where l1 = 20 cm
S  l 2 , where l2 = 100 – 20 = 80 cm

Physics | DC Circuits 83 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

R I1 20 55 20
    or R  220 
S I2 80 R 80

27.(C) Let potential at P1 be 0 V and potential at P2 be V0 . Now apply KCL at P2 .

I  0
V0  5 V0  0 V0   2  5
   0 or V0 
2 10 1 16
V0
So, current through 10  resistor is from P2 to P1
10
28.(B) Current entering A is distributed over the hemispherical surface of area 2 r 2

I
Hence, current density, j 
2r 2
l r I
Resistance   2
; Electric field, E  j 
area 2r 2r 2
Hence, potential difference,
a a a
I  1 I   1  I  1 1 
VB  VC  V 

a b
 Edr  V 
2 
a b
r 2
dr   
2r 2  r a b
; V    
2  a a  b 

I  1 1 
For current leaving D, we get same V between B and C. Superposing both results, V    
  a a  b 
I
29.(D) We define electric field as E  j  E 
2 r 2
3
30.(D) From the statements given   2.5  10 / C . The resistance of a wire changes from 100 Ω to 150 
when the temperature is increased from 27°C to 227°C.
It is true that  is small. But (150 – 100)  or 50  is not very much less than 100 Ω i.e. R  R0  R0
in not true.
31.(D) Let R0 be the initial resistance of both conductors.  At temperature , their resistances will be :
R1  R0 1  1  and R 2  R0 1  2 
For series combination R s  R1  R 2 ; Rs 0 1  s    R0 1  1   R0 1  2 
where R s 0  R 0  R 0  2R 0  2 R 0 1  s    2 R0  R0  1  2 
1  2 R1R 2
or s  ; for parallel combination R p 
2 R1  R2
R 0 1  1  R0 1  2  

R p0 1  p    R0 1  1   R0 1  2 
R0 R0 R0
Where, R p 0  
R0  R0 2


R0
 1  p  
R 02 1  1  2  122 
2 R 0  2  1  2 
As 1 and 2 are small quantities
 12 is negligible
1  2 1  2   1  2  
or p  1    
2   1  2   2   2  
2 1  2
As  1  2  is negligible.  p 
2
Physics | DC Circuits 84 Workbook -4 | Solutions
 Vidyamandir Classes

 Re R 5  100
32.(B) Resistance of combination, R e  4 R    5%
Re R 100
33.(D) Potential gradient of a potentiometer,
V IR I l
K   
l l A
I 0.2  4  10 7
 K    0.1 V / m
A 8  10 7
l l 2
34.(A) R    V  volume
A V
R l
 2   0.2% ;  and V are constants.
R l
35.(C) As, the rated power of 25W is less than 100W, it implies that 25W bulb has higher resistance. As in
series connection, current through both the bulbs is same but heating in 25W bulb is more than that of
100W bulb. So, 25W bulb will get fused.

36.(A) From Ohm’s law, R = V/I

Re V I
By error method,    3%  3%  6%
Re V I

V2
37.(D) P 
R
Resistance of the bulb.
Initially with only bulb in circuit
120  120
R   240 
60
Req  240  6  246 
V 120
 I1  
Req 246
120
V1  l1R1   240  117.073 V
246
V2 120  120
Resistance of the heater   60  
P 246
As, bulb end heater are connected in parallel.
240  60
Net resistance   48 
300
Total resistance, R 2  48  6  54 
Total current, I 2  V / R 2  120 /54
Potential across heater = Potential across bulb
120
V2   48  106.66 V ; V1  V2  117.073  106.66  10.4 V
54
38.(D) To increase the range of ammeter, resistance should be decreased (so additional shunt is connected in
parallel).

39.(C) Total power (P) consumed  15  40    5  100    5  80   1  1000   2500W

2500 125
As, we know that P = VI  I    11.36 A
220 11
Hence, minimum capacity should be 12 A
l VA VA V
40.(D) V  IR  I     
A Il In eAv d l  n  e  vd

Physics | DC Circuits 85 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

5
   1.6  10 5   m
0.1  2.5  10 19  1.6  10 19  8  1028
41.(C) From KVL,
9 = 6I1 – I2 ... (i)
6 = 4I2 – I1 ... (ii)
Solving, I1 – I2 = – 0.13A

42.(D) According to the question,

vd  2.5  10 4 m/s  n  8  1028 / m 3
We know that J  nevd or I  nevd A
where, symbols have their usual meaning
V
  nev d A
R
V V V
or  nevd A or  nevd or 
L L nevd L
A
5
 or   1.6  10 5 m
8  10 28  1.6  10 19  2.5  10 4  0.1
43.(C) Connect point Q to ground and apply KCL. Consider the grounded circuit as shown below.
Applying KCL of point Q we can write
Incoming current at Q = outgoing current from Q
V 6 V 9 V 1 1  9
   or V    1   2
3 1 5 3 5  5
 5  3  15  9  10  23  1 3
or V  or V   or V   0.13 V
 15  5 15
  5 23
44.(A) In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, there is no effect on position of null point, if we exchange the battery
and galvanometer. So, option (A) is incorrect.
45.(C) Each resistance is converted with two cells combined in opposite direction, so potential drop across each
resistor is zero. Hence, the current through each of resistor is zero.
46.(C) We have, X  Y  1000 
X 1000  X
Initially,  ...(i)
I 100  I
1000  X X
When X and Y are interchanged, then 
I  10 100  ( I  10)
1000  X X
or  ...(ii)
I  10 110  I
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
100  I I  10

I 110  I
(100  I ) (110  I )  ( I  10)I
11000  100 I  110  I 2  I 2  10 I  11000  200I
 I  55 cm
Substituting the value of I in Eq. (i), we get
X 1000  55
  20 X  11000  X  550 
55 100  55

Physics | DC Circuits 86 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

47. (B) With only the cell,

On balancing, E  52  x ...(i)
where x is the potential gradient of the wire
When the cell is shunted.
Similarly, on balancing,
Er
V E  40  x ...(ii)
(R  r )
Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
E 1 52 E R  r 52 5  r 52 3
        r   r  1.5
V r 40 V R 40 5 40 2
1
R r
48.(B) For parallel combination of cells,
E1 E 2 12 13
 
r r2 2  37 V
E eq  1  E eq  1
1 1 1 1 3
 
r1 r2 1 2
Potential drop across 10  resistance,
 E  37 / 3
V   10   10  11.56 V  V  11.56 V
R   2
 total
 10 
 
 3
Alternative Method
Applying KVL, in loop ABCFA, 12  10( I1  I 2 )  1  I1  0
 12  11I1  10 I 2 ...(i)
Similarly, In loop ABDEA, 13  10( I 1  I 2 )  2  I 2  0
 13  10I1  12I 2 ...(ii)
7 23
Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get I 1  A, I 2  A
16 32
 7 23 
 Voltage drop across 10  resistance is V  10     11.56 V
 16 32 
49.(C) R 3  100 and R 4  500 
V4 (Reading of an ideal voltmeter across R 4 ) = 5V
Now V3 (Voltage across R 3 )  1V
And V2 (voltage across R 2 )  6V As V2  V3  V4
12
Voltage across R1  12V  i (through all ) 
400
 30 mA
i3  10 mA
So i2  20 mA
Now V2 (voltage across R 2 )  20mA  R 2
6  20 mA  R 2  R 2  300 50.(C)
I 1.5
51.(B) I  neAVd ; vd    0.02  10 3 m/s  0.02 mm/s
28
neA (9  10 )(1.6  10 19 )(5  10 6 )
52.(D) Let potential of point C is Vc , after closing the switch.
Using KCL at point C,

Physics | DC Circuits 87 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

20  Vc 10  Vc Vc  0
 
2 4 2
10  Vc
 20  Vc   Vc  40  2Vc  10  Vc  2Vc
2
V 10
 50  5Vc  Vc  10 volt  I  c   5 A i.e. option (D)
2 2
5  10 3  4 
53.(C) Potential gradient    5
2 R 5 
10  10  
1 20
 
20 R  5
 400  R  5  395
54.(B) Red  2 ; Violet  7 ; Orange  103 ; Silver  10%
 R  27  10 3   10% i.e. option (B)
 
55.(C) R  
A A
1
If volume is constant, A   Constant  R  2 
A2
2 2
R2   0.5 R2  0.5   2  0.5  101
Now,  2 ;  2  1  1   1    1  
R1  1  100 R1  
100   100  100

R 2  R1 1
   1% i.e. option (C)
R1 100

56.(B) P  i 2R  4.4  (2  10 3 )2  R  R  1.1  106 

V2 11  11
Now, P   W  11  10 5W
R 6
1.1  10
57.(D) 1 ; R 2  80 , R 4  40 
R1  32  10  320 
R1R 4 320  40
R1R 4  R 2R 3  R3    160  ; R 3  16  101
R2 80
Colour code = Brown, Blue, Brown
58.(D) Vm  R m im  iR  R
i R  r 
 Rm  R R 
im R r 
1 (R  r ) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 30  95
            r   570 
Rm Rr r R r Rm R .95R R R 95 5
59.(A)

12  6
R xy   4
12  6
60.(C)
10
i1   0.5 A
20
i2  0

Physics | DC Circuits 88 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

 
61.(A) i  ;    iR x
13r 2
x  1 12 x 13
    12r  ;   x  L

13r  L  2 13 L 24

62.(B) B B R O Y G B V G W
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2
R  50 10  5000 

P 2 1
P  i 2R  i max  ;    20 mA
R 5000 50
63.(D) Equivalent circuit is
1 1
req   
1 1 1 3
 
1 1 1
Eeq E1 E2 E3
Now     3Eeq  1  2  3  Eeq  2V
req r1 r2 r3

Now V A  V B  E eq  2 Volts.

 R   R  Rv 15
64.(D) Since V  I g .R g 1  v  ; 15  0.005  30  20 1  v     1  R v  80 .
 Rg   20  20 0.15  20

R1 40 R1 2
65.(D)  or  …(i)
R 2 100  40 R2 3
R1  10 50 R1  10
 or 1 …(ii)
R2 100  50 R2
From (i) and (ii)
1 1 1
R1  20 , R 2  30  ; also,   or X  60 .
X R1  10 R1
P
66.(B) Let the ratio be 1  
Q
400 405 1
Where   1 ; So,  1   and  1
x x 1 
400 405
Adding  2 ; Solving x  402.5
x x
6
67.(A) At pull point, current i 
 Rh  4 
For balance:   i
Where x is the resistance between A and I.
6x
So, Case 1 : 0.5   x = 0.5
24
6x
Case 2:  2    2  0.3 volts.
10
2
1  V0  V2
68.(A) P0    2  0
R  2  2R

V2 P
P  0 2 ; So, 4
R P0

Physics | DC Circuits 89 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

69.(B) ifull state  25  4  10 4  10 2 A

For voltmeter
2.5
10 2  R = 200
 50  R 
70.(D) I1  0.3 A; I 4  0.8 A; I 5  0.4 A
I 6  I 3  I 2  I1
I 6  I 3  I 2  0.3 A ... (i)
I5  I3  I4 ... (ii)
0.4  I 3  0.8 ; I 3  0.4
I 2  I1  I 4 ... (iii)
I 2  0.3  0.8
I 2  1.1A ; I 5  I 6  0.4 A
71.(A) Deflection in galvanometer is proportional to galvanometer current
0  ig  0K  ig

v
Situation 1 K 0  ….(i)
220  R
K 0 v 5
Situation 2  
5  5R  5  R
 220  
 5  R 
From (i) and (2) ; R  22
l 1
dr 1 dl dl dl L 1
72.(A)
dl
k
l
;
 dR  k
 l

 k
l

k l
  2 l 0   2 l l
0 l
1
 2 l  22 l  4 l 2  l  0.25 m
4
2
V2 220 
73.(A) R1    1936
P 25
2
R2 
 220   484 
100
220 220 1
i    Amp.
1936  484 2420 11
1
P1  i 2R1   1936  16W
121
1
P2  i 2  P2   484  4W
121
74.(C) Let us assume Vb  0V and Va  xV
i1  i 2  i3  0
x  E1 x  E 2 x  E 3
   0
2R1 R2 2R1
x 2 x 4 x  4
  0
2 2 2
 3 x  10  0  x  3.3V
Va  Vb  x  0  3.3V

Physics | DC Circuits 90 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

75.(A) 200  means 20  101 means Red, Black, Brown. If Red replaced by green 50  101  500 

E 2R
E P  i 2R 

76.(D)
i
R r ;
 R  r 2
dP
For maximum power ; 0R r
dR
V 3
77.(A) i 
Req

6
 0.5 A ;   
V AJ  iR AJ  0.5 0.5  0.25V

160 V 15 9
78.(D) Req  ; i   
3 Req 160 / 3 32

79.(D) V  i g [R g  R ]  4  10 3[50  5000]  20.2 volt  20 volt.

 3R R  R
  
R R  4 8  8 7
80.(C) RAB  RBC  RCD  & RDE  REC   Req     R
4 8 R 64
m
81.(C)   1.67  10 8 m
ne2 
82.(A) R  3 , R  l2
5
R   22  3  12  ; R1   R   10 
6
 R1R 2 5
R2   R  2  ; R   
6 R1  R 2 3
 0.002  50 
83.(C) (I  I g )  S  I g G ; S    0.2 
 0.5  0.002 
 
b
dr  1 1

84.(C) R  dR 
 4 r 2  4   a  b 
a

1
85.(C) ln R varies linearly with
T2
m m
 1  c 
So, ln R   M   c Using y  mx  c ; R e T 2  e c .e T 2
 2  m  0, c  0  ;
T 
2
Or R  R 0e m /T type of form will do good
E
86.(A) J = Current density  (E = electric field,  = resistive)

I
 E  . (I = current)  drift velocity  v d  E
A
v v A 1.1  10 3    25  10 6
   mobility  d  d   10.15  10 1  1.015 m 2 /vs
E I 1.7  10 8  5

Physics | DC Circuits 91 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Vmax .  5 
87.(None) For voltmeter i g /max (R g  R )  Vmax . or, Rg  R   2  10 6   negative
i g ,max  4 
 10 
As an Ammeter
i  RG 104  RG
iG  RG  (i  ia )  S S  G
;   10 2 RG = negative
i  iG (102  10 4 )
 No any option is possible. Some data is question error
88.(B) Current through battery
1.5  1.5
i   Current through 10 resistor;
 15  10 
  2  2r 

 15  10 
15 3 3 
i10  i  i  voltage across 10 resistor   i   10  2 (Given)
15  10 5 5 
 
3 3  10 90 1
  2  (8  2r )  9  r   0.5
5 (6  2  2r ) 10 2
89.(B) Observation should match the condition of balanced wheatstone bridge arrangement.
R X R
   X   (100  l )
l (100  l ) l
From Reading 1: From Reading 2:
1000 100
X   (100  60)  666.67 x   (100  13)  669.23
60 13
From Reading 3: From Reading 4:
10 1
X   (100  1.5)  656.67  X   (100  1)  99
1.5 1
So, reading (4) gives the most in consistent result.
90.(A) Ammeter
(I 0  IG )R A  IG G
(1)  I 0R A  I g (R A  G )

Voltmeter
V  I g ( Rv  G ) (2)
 V  I g G  I g RV (3)
G ( I 0  I g )  I g Rv (I 0  I g )R A  I g G
Dividing
G Rv
  Rv R A  G 2
RA G
I g G
From (1) RA 
I0  I g

G (I 0  I g ) RA I2
g
From (3) Rv  ; 
Ig Rv (I 0  I g )2

91.(B) i g  20  50  1000 / 4 Amp

For 0  2v ; i g ( R  r1 )  2 ; r1  1900  R1

For 0  10V ; i g (R  r2 )  10 ; r2  9900 

R 2  9900  1900  8000 

For 0  20V ; i g (R  r3 )  20 ; r3  1900D 

Physics | DC Circuits 92 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

R 3  r3  r2  10000 
92.(D) I  0, V  1.5V     1.5V ; I  1000 mA  1A
V 0   Ir  0  1.5  1  r  0 ; r  1.5
93.(B) Equivalent resistance  2R  R  4 R  R  8R
2 16  16
P  4   4  R  8
8R 8R

Physics | DC Circuits 93 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

Archive JEE Advanced

1
1.(B) R 2  R1(1   T ) ; 2  1(1  0.00125  T ) or T   800
0.00125
or T2  T 1  800 or T2  800  T1  800  300  1100 K

V2 l  V 2  r2
2.(B) Q  ; But R 
, Therefore, Q  
2

R r    l
 
Q is doubled if both l and r are doubled.
3.(B) Let I1 be the current flowing in 5  and ( I  I1 ) in 4  and 6 
The heat generated in the 5 resistor is
10 cals1  4.2  10Js 1 ; 4.2  10  I12R
4.2  10
or I1   8.4  2.9 A ... (i)
5
Since AB and CD are in parallel, the potential difference remains the same between C and D, and
between A and B.
 ( I  I1 )(4  6)  I1  5 ; On solving using I 1 from Eq. (i).
We get : (I – 2.9)10 = 2.9 × 5 or I – 2.9 = 1.45 or I = 4.35
Heat released per second in 4  will be (4.35  2.9)2  4  8.41J / s  2 cals 1

4.(C) The simplified circuit is shown in the figure.

2 1
Therefore, current i   A
20 10
5.(C) Resistivity of conductors increases with increase in temperature because rate of collisions between free
electrons and ions increase with increase of temperature. However, the resistivity of semiconductors
decreases with increase in temperature, because more and more covalent bonds are broken at higher
temperatures.
6.(B) For the maximum power.

Physics | DC Circuits 94 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

External resistance = Internal resistance  2 R  4, R  2

7.(D) When a steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross section, then drift speed
V A  I / n e A and electric field E  I / A or Vd  1/ A and E  1 / A . It implies only current remains is

constant.

8.(D) The net resistance of the circuit is 9 as shown in the below figure.

The current flowing in the circuit is I = V/R = 9 V/9  1.0 A . The flow of current in the circuit is as
follows. Please note that the current gets divided into two equal parts if it passes through two equal
resistances.

9.(A) Since opening or closing the switch does not affect the
current through G, it means that in both the cases there
is no current passing through S. This means that
potential at A is equal to potential at B and it is the case
of balanced Wheatstone bridge.
I P  I Q I R  I G and (a) is the correct option.

10.(C) Since current I is independent of R 6 , it follows that the resistance R1, R 2, R3, and R 4 must form a
balanced Wheatstone bridge.

(3 E )2
11.(B) In the first case t  ms T ...(i)
R

Physics | DC Circuits 95 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 V2 
H  t
 R 
 
When length of the wire is doubled, resistance and mass both are doubled.

( NE )2
Therefore, in the second case,  t  (2m )s T ...(ii)
2R
N2
Dividing Eq. (ii) by (i), we get ;  2 or N 2  36 or N  6
18
V2 V2 V2 V2
12.(D) P  so, R   R1  and R 2  R 3 
R P 100 60
(250)2 (250)2 (250)2
Now, W1   R1 ; W2   R2 and W3 
( R1  R2 )2 ( R1  R2 )2 R3

W1 : W2 : W3  15 : 25 : 64 or W1  W2  W3
13.(A) The circuit can be redrawn as follows:

14.(A)
(i) Pt = I2(3R)

 2R 
(ii) PII  I 2  
 3 

R
(iii) PIII  I 2  
3

 3R 
(iv) PIV  I 2   ; III < II < IV < I
 2 

AC
15.(A) The ratio will remain unchanged.
CB
16.(B) The verification of Ohm’s law (V = IR) requires the measurements of current through and voltage across
the variable resistance.
Physics | DC Circuits 96 Workbook -4 | Solutions
 Vidyamandir Classes

5 4 3
17. (A) R PQ  r , R QR  r and R PR  r  R PQ is maximum.
11 11 11
Therefore, the correct option is (A)

18.(C) Current in the respective loop will remain confined in the loop itself. Therefore, current through 2
resistance is zero

19.(D) W = 0. Therefore, from first law of thermodynamics ; U  Q  i 2Rt  (1)2 (100)(5  60)J  30kJ

20.(A) Current flowing through both the bars is equal. Now the heat produced is given by H  I 2 Rt or H  R

H AB R AB 1/2r 2  1 1 
or    as R   2  = 1/4 or H BC  4 H AB
H BC R BC 1/ r 2  2 r 
21.(A) R  2  100  x  x
P R
Applying 
Q S
2 x
We have,  ... (i)
R 100  x
R x  20
 ... (ii)
2 80  x
On solving equation (i) and (ii), we get, R  3 

V2
22.(C) Applying P  ; R1  1  R 2  0.5  and R 3  2  ; V1  V2  3V
R

 3 2  3 2  3 2
 P1   9W ; P2   18W and P3   4.5 W  P2  P1  P3
1 0.5 2
23.(D) With increase in temperature, the value of unknown resistance will increase.
R l1
In balanced Wheat stone bridge condition 
X l2
Where, R = value of standard resistance, X = value of unknown resistance.
l1 R
To take null point at same point or to remain unchanged, should also remain unchanged.
l2 X
Therefore, if X is increasing R, should also increase.
 G
24.(A) 
Vab  i g  G  i  i g S i  1 

 ig
S
;  Substituting the value, we get : i = 100.1 mA

25.(C) We will require a voltmeter, an ammeter, a test resistor and a variable battery to verify Ohm’s law.
Voltmeter which is made by connecting a high resistance with a galvanometer is connected in parallel
with the test resistor. Further, an ammeter which is formed by connecting a low resistance in parallel
with galvanometer is required to measure the current through test resistor.
L  L 
26.(C) R    i.e, R is independent of L.
A tL t
V2 1 1 1 1
27.(D) R  or R    
P P R100 R60 R 40
28.(B) Using the concept of balanced Wheat stone bridge, we have
P R X 10 10  53
    X   10.6 
Q S  52  1  48  2  50

Physics | DC Circuits 97 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

l 2.7  10 8  50  10 3 1  10 7  50  10 3 5000
29.(B) R A1    30  ; R Fe   
A 2 2 6 6 4
(7  2 )  10 4  10
R A1  R Fe 1875
Both the bars are in parallel. ; Req   
R A1  R Fe 64
30.(D) Suppose charger per unit length at any instant is . Initial value of  is suppose 0
Electric field at a distance r at any instant is
 
E  ; J  E  
2r 2r
d l 
  2rl (q   l )
dt 2 r
 t 
d   t
  0e 
 

  dt ; 
 a
 
  0  t  t
J   e   J 0e 
2r 2
0
Here, J 0   J (t ) decreases exponentially as shown in figure below.
2 r
31.(BC) To increase the range of ammeter a parallel resistance (called shunt) is required which is given by
 ig 
S G
 i  ig 
 
 50  10 6 
For option (C) ; S  (100)  1
 5  10 3  50  10 6 
 
V
To change it in voltmeter, a high resistance R is put in series, where R is given by R  G
ig

10
For option (B), R   100  200 k
50  10 6
Therefore, (B) and (C) are correct.
6  1.5
32.(AD) Rtotal  2   32 k 
6  1.5
24V  RL  1.5
(a) I   7.5 mA  I R1  I R2   I  IR 2   7.5  1.5mA
32k Ω R R  7.5
 L 2

(b) VR L  ( I RL )( R L )  9V (c)
PR1

 I R2  R1  7.52  2  25
1

PR2  I R2  R2 1.52  6  3
2

R2 R L 2  1.5 6
(d) When R1 and R2 are inter changed, then   k
R2  RL 3.5 7
 6/7 
Now, potential difference across RL will be VL  24    3V ; Earlier it was 9V
 6  6 /7 
V2
Since, or P  V 2
P 
R
In new situation potential difference has been decreased three times. Therefore, power dissipated
will decreases be a factor 9.

Physics | DC Circuits 98 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

33.(ABCD)
Due to symmetry on upper side and lower side,
points P and Q are at same potentials. Similarly,
points S and T are at same potentials. Therefore,
the simple circuit can be drawn as shown:
12 12
I2   2A  I3   1A
2 2 2 444
 I1  I 2  I 3  3 A  I PQ  0

Because VP  VQ

Potential drop (from left to right) across each resistance is

12
 4V  VMs  2  4  8V  VNQ  1  4  4V or VS < VQ
3
34.(BD) Heat required to increase the temperature of water by 40 K.
 2   2  L
Q  mc T   t  Q  0.5  c  40     4 min ; Where R 
R  R   d 2 
     
 4 
 
L R
The resistance of wire of length L and diameter 2d. ; R1  
(2d )2 / 4 4
2
R R R   2
If resistance are in series, R eq    Heat required, Q    4 
; t
4 4 2 R  ( R / 4)
 
R R

Which gives t = 2min ; If resistances are in parallel, Req  4 4  R
R R 8

4 4
 2  2
Heat required, Q   4  t Which gives t = 0.5 min
R  ( R / 8)
 
35.(ABD)
– iR1 – i1R2 + V1 = 0
 iR1 + i1R2 = V1 . . . .(i)

i1R2 – (i – i1) R3 = –V2

i1(R2 + R3) – iR3 = V2 . . . .(ii)
Solving equation (i) and (ii)
i1(R2 + R3) – iR3 = – V2 × R1
i1R2 + iR1 = V1 × R3
i1(R1R2 + R1R3 + R2R3) V1R3 – V2R1
V1R 3  V2R1
We get i1  ;
R1R2  R1R 3  R2R 3
If i1 is zero
V1R3 = V2R1
It is possible in following options
(a) V1  V2  R1  R 3 (b) V1  V2  R1  R 3 (d) 2V1  V2  R3  2 R1

Physics | DC Circuits 99 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

36.(CD) Because of non-uniform evaporation at different section, area of cross-section would be different at
different sections. Region of highest evaporation rate would have rapidly reduced area and would become
break up cross-section.
Resistance of the wire as whole increases with time. Overall resistance increases hence power decreases.
 V2 1 
p  or p  as V is constant 
 R R 
 
At break up junction temperature would be highest, thus light of highest band frequency would be
emitted at those cross-section.

37.(BC) For maximum range of voltage resistance should be maximum. So, all four should be connected in series.
For maximum range of current, net resistance should be least. Therefore, all four should be connected in
parallel.

38.(BD) 100  10 3  2  10 6 RV  RV  50  10 3   50 k   (C) is wrong

2  10 1610 1  10 3  R A  R A  20  10 3   0.02   (B) is correct

Reading of (A) :

I 
R R
RA  V
RV  R
 R R 
Reading of (V) : V  I  V 
 R R 
 V 
V RV R (50000) (1000)
 Measured value of R     980.4 
I RV  R (51000)
 (D) is correct
If the ideal cell replaced by a cell of internal resistance 5 , reading of ammeter (I) and voltmeter
 RV R  V
V  I  will change, but remains same.  (1) is wrong.
 R  R  I
 V 
39.(D) Balls will gain positive charge and hence move towards negative plate.
On reaching negative plate, ball will attain negative charge and come back to positive plate.
So on, ball will keep oscillating.
But oscillation is not S.H.M.,
As fore on ball is not  x  (D) is correct.
40.(A) A the balls keep on carrying charge from one plate to another, current will keep on flowing even in steady
state. When at bottom plate, if all balls attain charge q,
kq  1  V r
 V0 ;  k    q  0
r  4  0 k

Inside cylinder, electric field E  V0  V0   h  2V0h

 
qE 2hr 2
 Acceleration of each ball, a   .V
m km 0
2h 2h .km 1 km
 Time taken by balls to each other plate t   
a 2hrV02 V0 r

If there are n balls, then

nq V r r
Average current, iav   n  0  V0  iav  V02
t k km

Physics | DC Circuits 100 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

41.(1)

l  l l 2
42.(0.2) R     (V  volume of wire)  R  l2 ( and V  constant)
A V /l V
1
For small percentage change ; % change R = 2 (% change in l) = 2 (0.1%) = 0.2%  %
5
Since R  l 2 , with increase in the value of l, resistance will also increase.

V2 V 2 (100)2
43.(5) From P  . ; Resistance of heater, R    10 
R P 1000

From, P  i 2R ; Current required across heater for power of 62.5 W

P 62.5
i   2.5 A ; Main current in the circuit,
R 10
100 100(10  R ) 10(10  R )
I   
10 R 100  20 R 10  2 R
10 
10  R
This current will distribute in inverse ratio of resistance between heater and R.
 R   R  10(10  R )  10 R
 i  I or 2.5    
 10  R   10  R   10  2R  10  2 R
Solving this equation, we get R  5
44. (i) 55.5, (ii) 55.5
 l 
(i) I 2 Rt  mS   m (S ) ; I 2  1   t  Al 2 (S )
 A

A 22 (S )
Here, 1  specific resistance and 2  density  t  ...(i)
I 21
Substituting the values, we have
(0.5  10 6 )2 (9  10 2  4.18  1050)
t   55.5 s
(10)2 (1.6  10 8 )
(ii) From Eq. (i) we can see that time is independent of length of wire.
45.(2) The given circuit is simple circuit of series and parallel combinations. R AB  2
46.(2.5) A battery is being charged so the current will flow from positive terminal to negative terminal of the
battery.
V A  2  0.1(5)  VB

V A  VB  2.5 Volt

So the potential difference between the terminals of the battery is 2.5 Volt.

Physics | DC Circuits 101 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

47.(22.5) Ohm’s Law state that “the current through a conductor

between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across
the two points”.
Given that voltage across 400 after connecting voltmeter is 30
V that is half of applied emf 60 V. It shows that voltage is
divided into two equal rests and thus R AB will be equal to
300 . R  300 
400R
 300  R  1200
400  R
Now if voltmeter is connected across 300 resistance
300r 300  1200 60
R Ac    240  ; Now V AC   240  22.5 Volts
300  R 300  1200 (240  400)
48. (i) 2 (ii) 2
(i) Equivalent emf of three batteries would be
( E / r ) (3 /1  2 /1  1/1)
Eeq    2V
(1/ r ) (1/1  1/1  1/1)
Further r1,r2 and r3 each are of 1 . Therefore, internal resistance of the equivalent battery will

1
be  as all three are in parallel.
3
The equivalent circuit is therefore shown in the given figure.

Since, no current is taken from the battery. ; V AB  2V (From V  E  ir )

V B  V A  E1 2  3
Further, V AB  V A  VB  E1  i1r1  i1   1 A
r1 1

VB  V A  E 2  2  2 V B  V A  E 3 2  1
Similarly, i 2   0 and i3    1A
r2 1 r3 1

(ii) r2 is short circuited means resistance of this branch becomes zero. Making a closed circuit with

a battery and resistance R. Applying Kirchhoff’s second law in three loops so formed.
3  i1  (i1  i 2  i 3 )  0 ...(i)

2  (i1  i 2  i 3 )  0 ...(ii)

1  i 3  (i1  i 2  i 3 )  2A ...(iii)

From Eq. (ii) i1  i 2  i 3  2A

 Substituting in Eq. (i), we get, i1  1A ; Substituting in Eq. (iii) we get, i 3  1A

 i2  2 A
2 21 9
49. (i) V, (ii) VG  V, VH  V
13 13 13
Applying Kirchhoff’s second law in loop BADB ; 2  2i1  i1  1  2(i1  i 2 )  0 ...(i)
Similarly applying Kirchhoff’s second law in loop BDCB
2(i1  i 2 )  3  3i 2  i 2  1  0 ...(ii)
Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

Physics | DC Circuits 102 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

5 6 1
i1  ,i  and i1  i 2  
13 2 13 13
(i) Potential difference between B and D.
VB  2(i1  i 2 )  VD

2
 VB  VD  2(i1  i 2 )  V
13
6 21 6 19
(ii) VG  EG  i 2rG  3  3  V ; VH  E H  i 2rH  1  1  V
13 13 13 13
50. (i) 2 , (ii) 1.5A
(i) Let R AB  x . Then, we can break one chain and connect a

resistance of magnitude x in place of it.

Thus, the circuit remains as shown in figure.
Now, 2 x and x are in parallel. So, their combined
resistance is
2x 2x
or R AB  1 
2x 2x
2x
But R AB is assumed as x . Therefore, x  1
2x
Solving this equation, we get x  2
22
(ii) Net resistance of circuit R  1   2 
22
6
Current through battery i   3 A
2
This current is equally distributed in 2 and 2
i
resistances. Therefore, the desired current is
or 1.5A.
2
51.(6.66) The given circuit actually forms a balanced Wheatstone’s bridge (including the voltmeter) as
shown below
P R
Rv  400  ; Here, we see that 
Q S
Therefore, resistance between A and B can be ignored and equivalent simple circuit can be drawn as
follows. The voltmeter will read the potential difference across resistance Q.
10 1
Currents i1  i 2   A
100  200 30

 1  20
 Potential difference across voltmeter ;  Qi1  (200)  V  V.
 30  3
20
Therefore, reading of voltmeter will be V
3
52. (3.33, 2) (a) Equivalent emf (V) of the battery

Physics | DC Circuits 103 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

PD across the terminals of the battery is equal to its emf when current drawn from the battery is zero. In
the given circuit, ; Current in the internal circuit,
Net emf V  V2
i   1
Total resistance r1  r2
Therefore, potential difference between A and B would be
VA  VB  V1  ir1
 V  V2  V1r2  V2r1 20  3  5  6 30
 V A  V B  V1   1  r1     3.33
 r1  r2  r1  r2 9 9
So, the equivalent emf of the battery is 3.33 V ; Note that if V1r2  V2r1 : V  0
If V1r2  V2r1 : V A  VB  Positive i.e., A side of the equivalent battery will become the positive terminal and
vice-versa.
(b) Internal resistance (r) of the battery
r1 and r2 are in parallel. Therefore, the internal resistance r will be given by
r1r2 63
1 / r  1/ r1  1/ r2 or r    2
r1  r2 6  3
53.(8) AJ  60 cm ;  BJ  40 cm ; If no deflection is taking
place. Then, the Wheatstone’s bridge is said to be balanced.
X R X 40 2
Hence,  BJ or   or x 8
12 R AJ 12 60 3
2 2
2E  2E  E  E 
54.(4) In series, i   J1  i 2 R     R In parallel, i   J 2  i 2R    R
2 R  2  R  0.5  R  0.5  R 
2
J1 4  0.5  R  2  0.5  R 
 2.25  2
or 1.5  ;On solving, we get, R  4 
J2 2  R  2  R 
E1 / r1  E 2 / r2  6 /1   3/2 
55.(5) V AB  Equivalent emf of two batteries in parallel    5V
1/ r1  1/ r2 1/1  1/2 
6
56.(5) i g G  4990   V  G  4990   30
1000
30000
 G  4990   5000  G  10 
6
Vab  Vcd  
i gG  1.5  i g S 
6   6
  10  1.5  S
1000  1000 
60 2n 249  30 2490
 S    n   5
1494 249 1494 498

Physics | DC Circuits 104 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

57.(1)

58.(4.96, 1.58)

Refer figure (a) Current through ammeter,

net emf 6
i   4.96  10 3 A = 4.96 mA
net resistance 400  800  10
Refer figure (b) Combined resistance of 1000  voltmeter and 400  resistance is,
1000  400 6
R   285.71   i  5.53  10 3 A
1000  400 (285.71  800)
Reading of voltmeter  Vab  i ' R  (5.53  10 3 ) (285.71)  1.58 V

Physics | DC Circuits 105 Workbook -4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

59.(20) Resistance of the given bulb ;

V 2 (100)2
Rb    20 
P 500
To get 100 V out of 200 V across the bulb,
R  Rb  20 .

85
60.(0) Current in the circuit, i   25 A (counter clockwise)
8  02
Therefore, PD across the terminals of the battery ; V  E  ir  5  (25) (0.2)  0
R 1 1 1 1 2 R
61. All the three resistances are in parallel. Therefore,      R eq 
2 R eq 2 R 2R R R 2

62.(F) In series current is same. Therefore, from the relation P  i 2 R, a bulb having more resistance consumes
 V 2 
more power or glows brighter. 25W bulb has more resistance  R  compared to 100 W bulb. Hence,
 P 
 
it will glow brighter.
63.(T) In electrostatic condition, electric field inside a conductor is zero. But when a current flows through the
conductor electric field is non-zero.
64.(F) Due to thermal energy, free electrons are always in zig-zag motion inside a conductor.
I 1 1
65.(T)  slope of given graph  or R 
V R slope
Resistance of a metallic wire increases with increase in temperature.
1 1
 or R T  R T or T2  T1
(slope)T (slope)T 2 1
2 1

66.(T) The rheostat is as shown in Fig. Battery should be connected between A and B and the load between
C and B.

67.(T)

Physics | DC Circuits 106 Workbook -4 | Solutions