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Why Fly Weights Are Driven at A Higher Rotational Speed Than The Engine?

Fly weights on governors are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine to increase the centrifugal force and governor sensitivity. Higher centrifugal force is achieved through increasing the speed of rotation, rather than increasing mass or radius, because speed produces a greater effect through its square relationship to centrifugal force. Driving fly weights at a higher speed reduces dead band and hunting of the governor.

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Ashok Kumar
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180 views3 pages

Why Fly Weights Are Driven at A Higher Rotational Speed Than The Engine?

Fly weights on governors are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine to increase the centrifugal force and governor sensitivity. Higher centrifugal force is achieved through increasing the speed of rotation, rather than increasing mass or radius, because speed produces a greater effect through its square relationship to centrifugal force. Driving fly weights at a higher speed reduces dead band and hunting of the governor.

Uploaded by

Ashok Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Why fly weights are driven at a higher

rotational speed than the engine?

* Fly weight equipped governors work on centrifugal force. The centrifugal force acts
upwards and the spring force acts downwards.

* This difference between the spring and the fly weights is called the governor effect, which
is responsible for moving the pilot valve and hence the fuel rack.

* Higher the governor effect, higher the sensitivity of the governor. Therefore to increase the
sensitivity of the governor the centrifugal force has to be increased.

Centrifugal Force=mr ω^2

Where, m = Mass of the fly weight

r = radius of the rotation of fly weight


w = Speed of the rotation of the fly weight.

– If we increase m ’mass’ the inertia effect will increase hence the sensitivity will drop as it
take more time to act.

– If we increase r ‘radius’ the governor becomes too big in volume and takes higher power to
rotate the governor, hence drop in sensitivity is probable.

– Increasing of ‘w’ is possible by increasing the speed of the rotation of the fly weight.
Change in speed gives very high effect as the centrifugal force is directly proportional to the
square of speed, additionally speed increase proves to be more effective, increased
sensitivity, less power requirement, reduced size of governor.

What is a dead band?

Dead band is the change in speed required before the governor will make a corrective
movement of the throttle. In other words, Dead band is speed of fluctuation around the steady
state speed, in which governor will not initiate corrective action.

In simple terms you could say it is the silent period of the governor at which governor doesn’t
take any action.

The dead band effect is reduced by increasing the sensitivity of the governor.

This can be achieved by;

1. Driving the flyweight at higher speed


2. Use the conical spring
3. Hydraulic amplifiers can be used to amplify the governor effect.
4. Linkages shall not be worn
5. Governor oil to be of low viscous oil so as to reduce the drag effect.
6. Less mass of fly weight by using a hollow weight.

What is hunting?
Hunting is the continuous fluctuation of RPM around the steady state RPM is called hunting.

Hunting can be reduced by;

1. Sensitive adjustment to be reduced and is not often adjusted.


2. Adjust the compensating needle.
3. Reduce the friction of linkages.
4. Reduce the wear down of linkages
5. Oil quality to be maintained.
6. No air locks to be present in the system, purging to be done as and when required.
7. Use of trumpet shaped spring instead of liner ones, so that a more balanced
relationship exists between the speeder spring force and CF is achieved over the
whole of the speed range.

How the output torque of governor is increased.

* The output torque generated by mechanical governors is not sufficient to move the fuel rack
which causes sluggish operation of the governor.

* Torque may be increased by amplification of signal may be employed in the servo


mechanism, where the secondary, may be designed for greater output torque then the
primary, generating the governor signal.

* The other most common method by a hydraulic system incorporated to the mechanical
governor, for this reason a gear pump is provided inside the governor, which operates the
power piston thereby amplifying the governor effect.

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