JAPANESE AUTOMOBILE STANDARD JAS0 C 7 12-82

Bench Test Procedure for the Performance of Power

Steering Pump

1. Scope 5. General Test Conditions

This standard covers the bench test procedure for the The following test conditions shall be used unless
performance of oil pumps for automobile power otherwise specified.
steering systems. Ambient temperature shall' be based on JIS 2
8703 (Standard Conditions for Testing) Grade
Remark: In this standard, units and numerical values given in
{ } are based on the International System of Units 4 or 20 1 15OC.
(SI), and are given for reference. Working fluid Shall be as agreed between the
parties concerned.
Temperature of working fluid Shall be 55OC f
2. Purpose 5" c.
Air bleeding Prior to any test, the pump and
l h e purpose of this standard is to establish a general the testing system shall be bled sufficiently.
bench t e s t procedure for the performance of pumps. Break-in Prior to any test, a pump to be tested
shall be subjected to a proper amount of
break-in.
3. Definitions Measuring instrument A suitable measuring
instrument or instruments shall be used for the
For the purposes of this standard, the following test concerned. Particularly converting delivery
definitions are applied. flow into an electrical signal, the measuring
Preferred number of revolutions Shall refer to instrument shall be calibrated before a test is
the preferred number of revolutions per minute performed.
of a pump used on a vehicle. Operation When an X-Y recorder is used, the
No load pressure Shall refer to the power number of revolutions and the pressure shall be
steering system pressure, generally below changed a t a rate with which the X-Y recorder
5kgf/cm2 { 0.5MPa1, assumed to indicate in i t s can follow.
neutral position.
Relief pressure Shall refer to the preset pressure
set on a relief valve which allows the working 6. Test Pump
fluid to escape when the system pressure
exceeds the preset value. A pump to be tested shall either be re-adjusted under
Input torque Shall refer to the torque required official supervision, removed wholly from the vehicle,
to drive the pump. or reinstalled.

4. Kinds of Test 7. Testing Method

The following kinds of t e s t are specified in this 7.1 Test on Effect of Number of Revolutions on
standard.
Delivery Flow (N-0 characteristic Test)
Test on the effect of the number of revolutions
on delivery flow (N-Q characteristic test) This t e s t shall be used to measure the delivery flow of a
Test on the effect of delivery pressure on pump a t different numbers of revolutions per minute
delivery flow (P-Q characteristic test) while holding delivery pressure constant.
Relief pressure t e s t (1) Instrumentation Shown in Fig. 1.
Input torque test
Noise test
Leak t e s t

Applicable Standard: JIS C 1502 - 1977 Sound Level Meters

JIS 2 8703 - 1976 Standard Conditions for Testing
Reference Standard: JIS B 0118 - 1970 Glossary of Terms for Oil Hydraulics
JIS B 0125 - 1972 Graphical Symbols for Fluid Power Diagrams
JASO C 71 1 - 79 Bench Test Procedure for the Performance of Integral Type,
Power Steering
JAS0 C 7 12-82

Fig. 1 Block Diagram for Measuring N-O Characteristic

X-Y recorder

// / I
I 8 I 8
/ I

I
,I

Pressure gauge

1 Variable-speed motor T--

/
w
W
Stop valve or
balance-type
relief valve

Tachometer pump to be tested

(jm Oil tank

Thermometer

(2) Test Conditions 7.2 Test on Effect of Delivery Pressure on Delivery

@ Number of revolutions Shall be within the Flow (P-O Curve Test)
range of preferred revolutions.
This test shall be used t o measure the delivery flow of a
@ Delivery pressure Shall be no-load pressure
unless otherwise specified. pump a t different delivery pressures while holding
pump speed constant.
Remark: Where other than no-load pressure values are (1) Instrumentation Shown in Fig. 2.
required for testing, 30kgf/cmZ { 3.0MPa},
50kgf/cma {5.OMPa} are recommended.
(3) Test Procedure
A test procedure shall consist of ( I ) , varying
the number of revolutions gradually from the
lowest to the highest value while a constant
delivery pressure i s maintained by means of
controling stop valve or a balance-type relief
valve, and (21,taking a successive record of the
delivery flow according to the changes of rpms.
(4)Recording
@ The measurements shall be recorded on the
X-Y recorder with graph paper shown in
Attached Table 2.
@ Test results and comments shall be filled
appropriately in a form shown in Attached
Table 1.

2
 JAS0 C 712-82

Fig. 2 Block Diagram for Measuring P-Q Characteristic

X-Y recorder

,
,/ I //
//

/
I
,

Pressure pickup

Variable-speed motor or with ,

speed change gear

! Stop valve or
balance-type
relief valve

Tachometer
/
pump to be tested

&-i!!
Thermometer
Oil tank

Test Conditions (4) Recording

0 Temperature of working fluid Shall be @ The measurements shall be recorded on the
*
55 5OC or 80 I 5 O C . X-Y recorder with graph paper shown in
@ Delivery pressure Shall be between the Attached Table 3.
no-load and pump relief pressufes. @I Test results and comments shall be filled
@ Number of revolutions Shall be 600rpm appropriately in a form shown in Attached
and values agreed upon between the parties Table 1.
concerned.
Test Procedure 7.3 Relief Pressure Test
A t e s t procedure shall consist of (1 ), setting the
pump a t specified values of rpm and no-load This t e s t shall be used t o measure the relief pressure of
pressure, (2),gradually throttling the stop valve a pump, and may be conducted together with a test
or the balance-type relief valve while controling specified in 7.2.
the speed change gear in order to maintain the (1) Instrumentation Shown in Fig. 3.
rpm, and (31, taking a successive record of
delivery flow according to the changes of
delivery pressures.
Fig. 3 Block Diagram for Mearuing Relief Pressure
Pressure gauge
n

Variable-speed motor or with

speed change gear

2 , Stop valve or
balance-type
relief valve
Tachometer pump t o be tested

T-
o
Thermometer
oil tank

3
JAS0 C 712-82

(2) Test Conditions (3) Test Procedure

Number of revolutions: Shall be 600rpm or The pump speed shall be varied gradually from
values agreed upon between the parties con- the lowest value to the highest within the
cerned. preferred rpm range, and a successive record of
(3) Test Procedure input torque shall be taken as it varies accord-
Relief pressure shall be read enough after the ing to the changes of rpms.
stop valve or the balance-type relief valve has (4) Recording
been tightly closed. The relief pressure shall not @ The measurements shall be recorded on the
be maintained for more than 5 seconds. X-Y recorder with graph paper shown in
(4) Recording Attached Table 4.
The Results and comments shall be filled in a @ Results and comments shall be filled ap-
form as shown in Attached Table 1. propriately in a form a shown in Attached
Table 1.
7.4 Input Torque Test
7.5 Noise Test
This t e s t shall be used t o measure the input torque of a
pump a t different values of pump rpm and delivery This test shall be used to determine the noise levels
pressure. radiated from a pump.
(1) Instrumentation (1) Instrumentation
An example of testing equipments i s shown @ Environment As shown in Fig. 5, the noise
schematically in Fig. 4, in which a torque test should be carried on in a soundproof
pickup is set between the pump and the test cell. A microphone shall be set 15cm
variable-speed motor. from the pump outer wall.
@ Sound level meter A sound level meter
(2) Test Conditions depend on JIS C 1502 or one of higher
0 Number of revolutions Shall be within the quality shall be used.
range of preferred rpms. @ Background noise Shall be at least 10 dB
@ Delivery pressure Shall be no-load pressure (A) lower than the noise level of pumps.
and values agreed upon between the parties Background noise means the noise level
concerned. generated by the drive system alone.

Fig. 4 Block Diagram for Measuring Input Torque

4
 JAS0 C 712-82

Fig. 5 Block Diagram for Measuring Noise Level

I Sound lever1 meter I

I
I
I
I
I
l
I
I I
I I
I
1. Pressure gauge I
I
I
I
I Flow meter
I
Variable-speed motor I Microphone
I
\ c l
Stop valve or
I balance-type
relief valve
TachometPr
I Pump t o be tested

I
Oil tank

I Thermometer
I

(2) Test Conditions 7.6 Leak Test

@ Number of revolutions Shall be 600rpm,
1000rpm. 2000rpm, and values agreed 7.6.1 High Pressure Leak Test
upon between the parties concerned.
@ Delivery pressure Shall be no-load pres- This test shall be used to check signs of leak from the
sure, 30kgf/cm2 { 3.0MPa), 50kgf/cm2 high pressure part of the pump.
{ 5.0MPa), and values agreed upon between (1) Instrumentation Same as one in 7.3(1)
the parties concerned. (2) Test Conditions Same as one in 7.3(2)
(3) Test Procedure (3) Test Procedure
The noise level should be taken in dB(A), while @) The delivery pressure shall be increased to
pump speed and delivery pressure are set the relief pressure and maintained constant
constant. for 3 to 5 seconds. Then, the stop valve or
(4) Recording the balance-type relief valve shall be re-
0 Measured noise levels and pump speeds leased to no load pressure. The above steps
shall be plotted on a form shown in shall be repeated 5 times.
Attached Table 5. @ The pump shall be checked visually for
signs of leaks.
@ Results and Comments shall be filled ap-
propriately in a form as shown in Attached
Table 1.

5
JAS0 C 712-82

(4)Recording
0 Results and comments shall be filled ap-
propriately in a form as shown in Attached
Table 1.
a If no leak was observed, mark the item "no
leak" on Table 1 with the symbol O.
@ I f a leak was found, mark the item "leak"
on Table 1 with the symbol 0 together
with a statement of the location and degree
of the leak.

7.6.2 Low Pressure Leak Test

This test shall be used to check signs of leak from the

low pressure part of the pump.
(1) Instrumentation As shown in Fig. 6, the pump
suction port shall be pressurized with air while
the outlet port blocked, and the entire pump
body shall be submerged in a container filled
with water.

Fig. 6 Block Diagram for Checking Leakage from

the Low Pressure of the Pump

Pressure gauge
Air pressure
W a t e r y similar fluid

(2) Test Conditions

@ Air pressure Shall be set within the range
from 0.5 t o l.0kgf/cm2 (5OkPa to 100kPal
@ Test time Shall be more than 30 seconds.
Test Procedure
Holding the pump on test conditions in the
container, for more than 30 seconds, signs of
leak should be checked visually.
Recording
After- the pump has been checked for any
external leaks, the results shall be recorded
appropriately on a form as shown in
Attached Table 1.
If no leak was observed, mark the item "no
leak" .on the Table 1 with the symbol 0 on
the form.
I f a leak was found, mark the item "leak"
on the Table 1 with the symbol 0 together
with a statement of the location and degree
of the leak.

6
 JAS0 C 712-82

Attached Table 1 Summary for Bench Test for Performance of Power Steering Pump

Reference No. Ve hicle type

Date o f test Name of pump maker

Test site Tester

Purpose-of test

Pump t o b e tested

Vehicle maker Manufacturing number

Model code
Pumo maker

Ambient Temperature
temperature o f working fluid

Brand name of Loading Balance-type relief valve,

working fluid equipment stop valve, other í 1

Test results
~

Testing items Results and comments

(N-O characteristic test)

(P-Q characteristic test)

Relief pressure test ( )kgf/cm2 [ MP,} at ôûûrpm

Input torque test

1 Noise test I
Leak, No leak
High pressure
Leak location
leak test Degree of leak
I Leak test I I
Leak, No leak
Low pressure
Leak location
leak test
Degree o f leak

Comment

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JAS0 C 712-82

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JASO C 712-82

Explanatory Notes
on
JASO C712-82 Bench Test Procedure for the Performance of Power Steering Pump

The following descriptions will be given for supplemental explanation. (The numbers of items are the same with those
in the Text.)

5. General Test Conditions

The pump must be tested as it is installed in its power steering unit. However, in this standard a stop valve or a
balance-type relief valve replaces the power steering unit as the loading equipment in order to ensure stability of
measurement and gauge reading. For a similar reason, an electric motor is used in the drive system.
(2) Workingfluid
A working fluid shail be as agreed upon between the parties concerned and shall be in accordance with JASO
M 314 (Working Fluid for Power Steering Units).
(3) Temperature of working fluid
Measurement of temperature shall be taken at a point inside the oil tank. This measuring point, selected for
practical reasons, does not basically change except during transient periods from the interior of the pump.
(4) Air bleeding
The presence of air in the working fluid can create pressure instability, an increase in noise, or any other
inherent adverse effect. Therefore, the pump shall be properly bled of air before a test.
(5) Break-in
For a newly installed pump, break-in should be carried out at least for more than 5 minutes.
(6) Measuring instrument
In the case of a measuring apparatus that converts the delivery flow to an electrical signal, calibration for each
measurement should be required for accuracy of measurement which may be affected by changes in the
viscosity and flow rate of the working fluid.

7. Testing Method
Tolerance for pumping pressure and rpm for any test are desirable to be within 23 percent of specification.

7.2 Test on Effect of Delivery Pressure on Delivery Flow

The deviation from the rpm is required to be within +-lOrpm.

7.5 Noise Test

The microphone shall be positioned at a distance of 15cm from the pump housing at a point from where the highest
noise radiate. The tester should check for any abnormal noises with ears throughout the entire rpm range during the
noise test.

12
 JAS0 C 712-82

In the event of any doubt, the original

standards in Japanese should be referred.

Established by the Standard Council of JSAE

Date of Establishment: 1982-3-10
Sub Committee in which the draft was made: SC of Power Steering Pump
Technical Committee under which the draft was discussed: TC of Chassis
Investigating Committee: Standard Committee under the Standard Council

Published by
The Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc.
10-2, Goban-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102, Japan

This printed matter has been prepared with financial

support from the Japan Auto-Race Organization.