Malaysian E Commerce Journal (MECJ) 3(2) (2019) 12-14

Malaysian E Commerce Journal (MECJ)

Journal Homepage: http://myecommerecejournal.com/

DOI : http://doi.org/10.26480/mecj.02.2019.12.14

ISSN: 2521-0505 (online)

CODEN : MECJBU

LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERNET BENEFITS, RISKS AND ISSUES: A CASE STUDY

FOR CYBER PARENTING IN MALAYSIA
Razifah binti Othman1, Kamal Fahrulrazy Rahim2, Rabiatul Adawiyah binti Kamarulzaman3, Dia Widyawati Amat4 Rohana Sham5

1,3Facultyof Information Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

2Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
4Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
5Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];

[email protected]

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT

Article History: Internet has become an amazing potential for learning, entertainment and socializing gizmo. It has encouraged
teenagers and children to participate and express themselves for extraordinary source of information and self-
Received 26 November 2018 improvement. Understanding the responsibility that comes with technology is a key to safety. The study is useful
Accepted 25 January 2019 because it enabled contrast between the views of children and the parents with regard to online risks and threats.
Available online 19 Febraury 2019 Therefore, a literature review has been simplified and produced a proposed scope of this field which covers the
benefits, risks and issues of on internet which combine, replicate and modify 2 surveys done by several researchers
who examined the issues of parental self-efficacy in controlling and monitoring technology. Estimated to be
organized in December 2018 this research will also consist of a survey and a total of 12 tape-recorded semi-
structured interviews with children and parents to discover how often children encounter disturbing or harmful
content on the web and what kind of prevention and solutions made by parents.

KEYWORDS

cyber parenting, internet risk, internet issue, Malaysia, children, information technology, ICT and www.

1. INTRODUCTION censors, children are uncovered to the world of infinite potentials by

transforming the way they communicate, learn and live, without being
The Internet has profoundly influenced our lifestyle thus making digital aware of the vulnerabilities that prowl within. Being easily accessible to
literacy as one of the prominent elements of today’s children’s inappropriate content such as violence, pornography, bullying and scam
development. By having the Internet, it has become a wonderful resource render them to other tribulations affecting their health, physical, emotion
for children in order to do research for their school works, socialize, play and behavior. Although some parents recognize the risk and danger of the
interactive games, access their favorite songs and movies and many more. Internet, only a handful apply preventive steps and actions in enhancing
In Malaysia, the number of internet users is increasing fast, equivalent to knowledge regarding cyber safety. As parents and guardians, it is a noble
other developed countries. According to the research made by Malaysian duty to take precautionary measures in order to guide and ensure that
Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) in 2017, 24.5 children can securely access the Internet and its resources without fear of
million (76.9%) from 32 million people in Malaysia had access to the falling to immoral predators in infobahn.
Internet and 83.2% of them were children and teenagers between the age
of 5 to 17. Parallel with this rapid growth of internet use, parents have 3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
started to show more interest in the benefits and risks of their children
getting exposed to the Internet. While some online misbehaviors received RO1. To explore the type of technologies and internet applications used by
global attention and crossed national level, most governments have children
started to regulate policy in relation to content which primarily engage a
range of filtering techniques to monitor and limit access to the RO2. To identify potentially dangerous risks, issues and threats available
Internet. Children cannot fully comprehend the scope of the online
Internet. Parents should be predominantly attentive of their children’s RO3. To investigate the relationship between the approaches adopted by
internet activities. Thus, it has been decided that this survey is to be done parents to control children’s internet technology use and children
at the end of 2018 in order to distinguish the role of parental self-efficacy
behavioral as well as health problems.
in controlling and monitoring their children’s internet use among rural
and urban parents. 4. METHODOLOGY
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT 4.1 Survey
It can be seen that the anonymous, instant, and far-reaching This exploratory quantitative survey will combine, replicate and modify 2
communication capabilities have brought a new dimension to children surveys done by Sau et.al, (2014) and Wong and Lee (2017) that examined
protection issues. Any unethical behaviors sometimes can be considered the issues of parental self-efficacy in controlling and monitoring
on a spectrum from relatively harmless to very damaging. Without

Cite The Article: Razifah binti Othman, Kamal Fahrulrazy Rahim, Rabiatul Adawiyah binti Kamarulzaman, Dia Widyawati Amat Rohana Sham (2019). Literature Review
On Internet Benefits, Risks And Issues: A Case Study For Cyber Parenting In Malaysia . Malaysian E Commerce Journal, 3(2) : 12-14.
 Malaysian E Commerce Journal (MECJ) 3(2) (2019) 12-14

technology as well as internet usage among children. It is proposed to be However, problems can occur when children are exposed to internet
conducted in 4 states of Malaysia namely Selangor and Kuala Lumpur for technology without regulation and control. These children tend to be
urban data sampling besides Melaka and Negeri Sembilan for rural area hooked on the computer for the amusement offered by the Internet. Since
sampling. This study seeks to investigate associations of multiple factors children have high curiosity, they will continue surfing to find out what
among 120 parents or guardians of children between the age of 7-12 years else is available and can be offered online. Songs, movies, games and
old. The questionnaire will emphasize four dimensions of perspectives chatting sessions with online friends can be addictive, resulting in the
covering demographic data, the technology usage and pattern, parental children not being able to achieve growth activities that they are supposed
style in controlling the technology, internet use, behaviors and health to accomplish according to their developmental stages [11-15]. According
problems related to children’s internet technology utilization. Multiple to a researcher, their interpersonal intelligence will be stunted in which
regression analysis will be applied as the main data analysis technique to they only think about internet applications solely and establish the
analyze the results using SPSS. selfishness of the child's emotional and emotional nature and do not want
to give it up. This negative nature is not appropriate in children. By simply
4.2 Focus group discussion using any online entertainment applications, the level of self-confidence in
children with the community might also be eliminated as they are not
On top of the survey, there will be a series of focus group interviews and
directly involved with the community for outdoor activities. This will also
observations exploring children’s use of the Internet. The study is useful
have a big impact on children as they enter adolescence and adulthood.
because it enables comparison of the views of children and the views of
parents with regard to online risks and threats. A total of 20 tape-recorded 5.4 Eating disorders
semi-structured interviews will be carried out with the children (5
interviews per state) as an imposition to explain about the pros and cons Furthermore, the Internet also has a detrimental health impact on children
on using the Internet while providing them the correct way to do so. It will such as vision problems (far-sightedness and short-sightedness) and
start with video sessions showing the negative and positive impacts of the malnutrition issue which may be caused by being too engrossed in the
Internet and technology with the purpose of data capture aside from field games making them ignore proper eating habits. In addition to that, if they
notes and observation on their expressions, verbal and non-verbal. also have the tendency to resort to fast food to have more time to browse
the Internet which will lead them to obesity problems as mentioned by
5. LITERATURE REVIEW several researchers [16-20].
Based on the statistics given by MCMC in 2017, cyber bullying among 5.5 Misbehavior
students occurred almost daily with 338 cases reported in 2016 and
increased by 20-30 percent in 2017. The statistics also show that 145 cases Uncontrolled internet use causes children to know things that are beyond
of fraud online purchase involving a loss of RM653,187 were reported. their age limits such as pornography that is so widely spread on the
Furthermore, cases of Nigerian scams, love scams or also known as virtual Internet [21-25]. Since children have a very curious nature, they have a
love were recorded to an increase of 65 cases in 2017. tendency to explore pornography further which consequently heightens
the inclination to imitate the actions demonstrated on those pornographic
5.1 Parental style materials. This can affect their thinking. Aside from pornography, they can
also mimic the rugged and violent actions shown on the Internet or on
Parental style can be defined as a learning process for children by copying
televisions. Rugged acts such as cruelty, robbery, raping, and killing will
and adopting behavior and instruction stimuli by their parents for their affect their behavior in the future [26-28]. From the linguistic aspect, most
similar behavior. Physical activities during the early childhood of 0–5
internet users ignore the appropriateness of language use when they
years old are said to influence numerous health and developmental write. They often use self-designed terms that would be misleading for
outcomes such as psychosocial health, social skills, and vigor for their children. If there is no monitoring by parents, the children will continue to
readiness towards better mental wellbeing [1]. As young children learn
use these inappropriate language expressions throughout their life. The
new skills by imitating their parents, parental style should exhibit most feared consequence is that this linguistic concern goes beyond the
appropriate behaviors and act as an important feature to control their incorrect language use where the children start taking slurs and malicious
children and to use internet technology safely [2,3]. As an essential de
language expressions as a norm.
facto in children's growth and education, parents are also responsible for
providing adequate education other than daily needs for their children. 6. CONCLUSION
Thus, parents are playing a very important role in the formation of society
and future human civilization. In conclusion, the influence of ICT in modernity and current life is
inevitable and has a huge impact on life especially on the younger
5.2 Education generations. It has become a part of today's modern life and its use and
influence will continue to grow over time. Therefore, parents must take
Through the use of Information Communication Technology (ICT), any action to better control the use of the Internet among children so that they
teaching and learning process for children will be easier. With the use of
are not inclined to be a part of social problems. In fact, government policies
ICT in classrooms, the level of achievement and student understanding related to education and culture must also address the issue of misuse and
will be higher. Students tend to quickly process what teachers are saying the negative impact of the Internet as an essential part of Malaysia's
and it will be easier for them to understand the subject matter [4]. This is
modernization and development. Undeniably, the Internet will produce
because ICT can portray more precise and realistic view through the use generations that are able to be creative, innovative and think dynamically.
of colored photographs, voice clarity, video and mind maps. Aside from
However, a misconduct of the Internet and ICT will surely bring damage.
that, the use of various colors, sounds and various visuals attract students
Using the Internet without monitoring and proper guidance from parents
to study in the classroom [5,6]. The integration of ICT is able to create a and caregivers will affect children negatively since it can either flourish or
fun learning experience for students, making learning session to be more
demolish the future of a child. As mentioned previously, addictions,
engaging. The use of ICT also increases the students’ focus on what the language deterioration, health problems and misleading behaviors are the
teacher is teaching. The desire to learn becomes is greater and students major results of unrestrained use of the Internet.
are more ready to learn more about what teachers are teaching [7].
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Cite The Article: Razifah binti Othman, Kamal Fahrulrazy Rahim, Rabiatul Adawiyah binti Kamarulzaman, Dia Widyawati Amat Rohana Sham (2019). Literature Review
On Internet Benefits, Risks And Issues: A Case Study For Cyber Parenting In Malaysia . Malaysian E Commerce Journal, 3(2) : 12-14.
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Cite The Article: Razifah binti Othman, Kamal Fahrulrazy Rahim, Rabiatul Adawiyah binti Kamarulzaman, Dia Widyawati Amat Rohana Sham (2019). Literature Review
On Internet Benefits, Risks And Issues: A Case Study For Cyber Parenting In Malaysia . Malaysian E Commerce Journal, 3(2) : 12-14.