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Chap10 - Mult - and - Div (Compatibility Mode)

This document discusses integer multiplication and division instructions in assembly language. It describes the IMUL and MUL instructions for signed and unsigned multiplication, which can operate on bytes or words. It also covers the IDIV and DIV instructions for signed and unsigned division, the flags they affect, and how to prevent divide overflow errors by ensuring the dividend and divisor have the correct size. Examples are provided to illustrate the instructions.

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Mhd Bazzi
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19K views10 pages

Chap10 - Mult - and - Div (Compatibility Mode)

This document discusses integer multiplication and division instructions in assembly language. It describes the IMUL and MUL instructions for signed and unsigned multiplication, which can operate on bytes or words. It also covers the IDIV and DIV instructions for signed and unsigned division, the flags they affect, and how to prevent divide overflow errors by ensuring the dividend and divisor have the correct size. Examples are provided to illustrate the instructions.

Uploaded by

Mhd Bazzi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integer Multiplication and

Division
Assembly Language Programming
Multiply Instruction

Signed Multiply • Byte form


IMUL source • AX=AL*source
Unsigned Multiply • Word form
MUL source • DX:AX=AX*source
• source can be a register • CF=OF
or memory location • 1 if answer size > operand size
• 0 otherwise
(not a constant)
• SF, ZF, AF, and PF
• Undefined

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 2


IMUL Example

mov BL,0FEh
mov AL,0E5h
imul BL ;AX=AL*BL
• BL contains -2, AL contains -27
• After IMUL
• AX contains 0036h (54d)
• CF=OF=0 (result still fits in byte)
• SF, AF, PF, and ZF are undefined

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 3


MUL Example

mov BL,0FEh
mov AL,0E5h
mul BL
• BL contains 254, AL contains 229
• After MUL
• AX contains 0E336h (58166d)
• CF=OF=1 (result requires a word)
• SF, AF, PF, and ZF are undefined

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 4


Another IMUL Example

mov AWORD,-136
mov AX,6784
imul AWORD
• AWORD contains 0FF78h, AX is 1A80h
• After IMUL
• DX:AX contains 0FFF1EC00h (-922624d)
• CF=OF=1 (result requires a doubleword)

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 5


Another MUL Example

mov AWORD,-136
mov AX,6784
mul AWORD
• AWORD is 0FF78h (65400d), AX is 1A80h
• After MUL
• DX:AX contains 1A71EC00h (443673600d)
• CF=OF=1 (result requires a doubleword)

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 6


One More IMUL Example

mov AX,-1
mov BX,2
imul BX
• AX is 0FFFFh, BX is 0002h
Same as
• After IMUL 0FFFEh
• DX:AX contains 0FFFFFFFEh (-2d)
• CF=OF=0 (result still fits in a word)

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 7


Divide Instruction

Signed Divide • Byte form


IDIV divisor • AL=AX / divisor
• AH=AX % divisor
Unsigned Divide
• Word form
DIV divisor
• AX=DX:AX / divisor
• divisor can be a register • DX=DX:AX % divisor
or memory location • All Flags undefined
(not a constant)
• For IDIV
• sign of dividend = sign of
remainder

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 8


Divide Overflow

• Occurs when result will not fit in Word/Byte


• Terminates program with Divide Overflow message!
• Need to anticipate and avoid: It will occur if
• Byte form: AH>=divisor
• Word form: DX>=divisor

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 9


Preparing Dividend

• To divide a word in AX by a word, AX must be converted to a


doubleword in DX:AX
• If signed: CWD (called sign-extension)
• If unsigned: MOV DX,0
• For byte (in AL) to word (AX) conversion
• If signed: CBW (these do not affect Flags)
• If unsigned: MOV AH,0

2/4/2015 Ali Saleh - Assembly Language Programming 10

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