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Arduino I-O PDF

This document provides an overview of input/output (I/O) on the Arduino board. It is presented by Nourhan Mansour, the team leader and head of embedded systems at BreakInPoInT. The document covers digital I/O, including digital inputs from sources like buttons and switches, and digital outputs to control devices like LEDs. It also discusses analog I/O, including analog inputs from sensors like potentiometers and light dependent resistors that produce a continuous voltage, and how to use a voltage divider circuit. Code examples are provided to blink an LED, toggle an LED with a switch, and read from a potentiometer. Practice exercises are given to create a traffic light with LEDs and

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nour mansour
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118 views36 pages

Arduino I-O PDF

This document provides an overview of input/output (I/O) on the Arduino board. It is presented by Nourhan Mansour, the team leader and head of embedded systems at BreakInPoInT. The document covers digital I/O, including digital inputs from sources like buttons and switches, and digital outputs to control devices like LEDs. It also discusses analog I/O, including analog inputs from sensors like potentiometers and light dependent resistors that produce a continuous voltage, and how to use a voltage divider circuit. Code examples are provided to blink an LED, toggle an LED with a switch, and read from a potentiometer. Practice exercises are given to create a traffic light with LEDs and

Uploaded by

nour mansour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arduino I/O

HELLO!
I am Nourhan Mansour
- Team leader at BreakInPoInT
- Head of embedded systems 2

branch at BreakInPoInT
You can find me at:
- m.me/nourhan.mansour2
- [email protected]
What will we do in the
next 2 hours?

▹ What is I/O?
▹ Digital I/O 3
▹ Analog I/O
▹ Practice!
1. What’s I/O?
Let’s start with the first set
of slides
Arduino boards

5
6
“
inputs and outputs on the
Arduino are what allow
you to connect sensors,
actuators, and other ICs
to the Arduino .

7
Examples
On I/O 8
Simple
I/O Circuit
9
simulation
2. Digital I/O
What is a digital signal?

A digital signal is any


signal that takes only
two values. 11

Usually referred to as
High and Low
It could be -5v (low) and
+5v (High)
Or 0v (low) and 5v (High)
“
Please note that a signal
is considered high if
supplied volt is 3v or
higher
And considered low if
supplied volt is 2v or less.
The area between 2 & 3 is
undefined behaviour.

12
Digital inputs

The simplest question Sources of digital


to answer from the real inputs:
world sensing depends 13

on True or False
- Push buttons
For example: Is the door - Switches
open? - Digital Sensors

Then you can determine


the answer with a switch
for example
What’s the difference between
switches and push buttons?

14
“
Switch: is a binary device with
on - off position.
● You can toggle between
them.
Push btn: is a binary device
with momentary on position
and reverts back to off once
released.
● You can’t toggle between
them

15
Interfacing of buttons

16
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How to switch on internal res?
To enable it, we pass the INPUT PULLUP constant as the second
argument to pinMode():
pinMode(pin, INPUT PULLUP)
To disable it, we pass the constant INPUT instead:
pinMode(pin, INPUT)
Caution: don’t use internal pull-up res if you need a specific value.

18
Digital outputs

Digital output is used to Sources of digital


turn something on or off outputs:
19

- LEDs
- Seven Segments
- Buzzer
Interfacing of LEDs

20
How to calculate
resistance value?

- Avg current of an led


= 14mA
- LED voltage = 2V
- Output voltage of
arduino = 5V 21

- From Ohm’s law


𝚫V=IR
- R = 𝚫v/I
- R = (5-2)/(14*10^3)
=214
- So we can use 220
or 330
Now..
Let’s Place your screenshot here

Code!
22

.
● Blinking LED example

23
● Toggle LED with switch

24
3. Analog I/O
What’s an analog Signal?

An analog signal is any


continuous signal for
which the time-varying
feature (variable) of the
26
signal is a representation
of some other time
varying quantity.
Ie.. infinite Value
between any two values.
Analog inputs

An analog input converts a Sources of analog inputs:


voltage level into a digital
value that can be stored 27
and processed in a - POT
computer. - LDR
- Temperature Sensor
There are a multitude of
sensors available which
convert things like
temperature, pressure, etc.
into voltages.
Voltage divider

A voltage divider is a
simple circuit which
turns a large voltage into
a smaller one. Using just
two series resistors and
28
an input voltage, we can
create an output voltage
that is a fraction of the
input.
POT

- A small sized electronic component


whose res can be adjusted manually.
29

- Increasing or Decreasing the value of


res controls the amount of current
flowing in a circuit.
LDR

- LDR: Light dependant resistor

30
- Basically it’s a resistor that its value varies
depending on light intensity.

- The most common type of LDR has a


resistance that falls with an increase in
the light intensity falling upon the device
Now..
Let’s Place your screenshot here

Code!
31

.
● POT Example

32
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● Task
○ Traffic light:
Using 3 Leds (red, green, yellow) create appropriate
traffic light with different delay times for go and stop.

○ bright or dark?
Using and LDR set the appropriate light intensity of a
LED so it’s off when it’s very bright and fully on when
it’s completely dark.
● Resources
Simply Arduino

Arduino IO (pdf)

Arduino pins description

Arduino playlist

‫أردوﯾﻧو ﺑﺎﻟﻌرﺑﻲ‬

Arduino documentation
THANKS!
Any questions?
36

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