Interactive Pen-And-Ink Rendering For Im PDF
Interactive Pen-And-Ink Rendering For Im PDF
Figure 1: An implicit surface model visualized using a smooth-shaded triangle mesh (a) and a pen-and-ink drawing (b). The generated
silhouettes (d) are much smoother than base mesh (c) and render at interactive rates. Suggestive contours (e) add important additional detail.
Rapid visualization is critical in interactive modeling systems, The base mesh also provides an efficient means for hierarchi-
where designers require real-time feedback as they manipulate cally organizing data, simplifying dynamic generation and visibil-
and deform the implicit surface. Recent pen-and-ink approaches ity culling. As a result there is little unnecessary pre-computation
for functional implicit surfaces [Foster et al. 2005] generate high- overhead, which improves response time during surface deforma-
quality but time-consuming results. The relatively high cost of im- tion. 15–30 fps are achieved for static manipulation of moderately-
plicit function evaluation prohibits interactive volume dataset gen- complex stippled models, and 1–5 fps during interactive editing.
eration, ruling out related methods [Burns et al. 2005]. Our ap-
proach, while demonstrated using implicit surfaces, is applicable
to any functional smooth surface, including NURBS surfaces. The
renderer is used for interactive visualization in a sketch-based mod-
eling system, where it has particular aesthetic value.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 Dynamic Silhouette Refinement Figure 2: Silhouette projection from the base mesh to the implicit
surface, silhouette subdivision, and final result with stippling.
We begin with a coarse base mesh (Fig. 2(a)). Silhouettes are ex-
tracted using standard brute-force sub-polygon methods. Accurate
surface normals and curvatures are computed from the implicit func- References
tion, not the mesh. The silhouette loops are then projected onto the
surface (Fig. 2(b)). On implicit surfaces this is done using a few
steps of gradient descent, on NURBS patches the surface points B URNS , M., K LAWE , J., RUSINKIEWICZ , S., F INKELSTEIN , A.,
AND D E C ARLO , D. 2005. Line Drawings from Volume Data.
can be directly evaluated. Then, the linear silhouette segments are
repeatedly subdivided and projected onto the surface until an error ACM Transactions on Graphics 24, 3 (July), 512–518.
threshold is reached (Fig. 2(c)). F OSTER , K., J EPP, P., W YVILL , B., S OUSA , M. C., G ALBRAITH ,
C., AND J ORGE , J. A. 2005. Pen-and-Ink for BlobTree Implicit
Our algorithm gives very good results for regular silhouettes Models. Computer Graphics Forum 24, 3 (Sept.), 267–276.
(N ·V = 0; see Fig. 1). The iterative refinement converges to the cor-
rect silhouette under relatively weak conditions on the base mesh S CHMIDT, R., W YVILL , B., AND G ALIN , E. 2005. Interactive
Implicit Modeling with Hierarchical Spatial Caching. In Proc.
∗ {rms | isenberg | blob}@cpsc.ucalgary.ca of Shape Modeling International, IEEE Inc., 104–113.