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Worksheet 10: Straight Lines and Quadratic Equations: Answers To Extended Revision Exercises: Algebra

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1K views5 pages

Worksheet 10: Straight Lines and Quadratic Equations: Answers To Extended Revision Exercises: Algebra

Uploaded by

mk hat
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended CD-ROM

Answers to Extended revision exercises: Algebra


Worksheet 10: Straight lines and quadratic equations

1 (a)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y 2 3 4 5 6
(b)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y 3 3 3 3 3
(c)
x –1 0 1 2 3
1 1 1
y −1 –1 − 0
2 2 2
(d)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y –6 –4 –2 0 2
(e)
x –1 0 1 2 3
1 1 1
y 0 − –1 −1
2 2 2
(f)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y 3 1 –1 –3 –5
(g)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y –2 –1 0 1 2
(h)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y –6 –4 –2 0 2
(i)
x 7 7 7 7 7
y –1 0 1 2 3
(j)
x –1 0 1 2 3
y 0 –1 –2 –3 –4

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2015 1


Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended CD-ROM

3 (a) gradient = 1, equation: y = x + 1


(b) gradient = –1, equation: y = –x + 5
4 4x
(c) gradient = , equation: y = +4
3 3
(d) gradient = 0, equation: y = 2
1 x
(e) gradient = − , equation: y = − – 2
5 5

4 (a) y = 4x + 4 (b) y = –3x + 13 (c) y = 0.5x + 0.9


3
(d) y = 0.5 – x (or 4y + 3x = 2) (e) y = 2.5x + 3.5 (or 5x – 2y = –7)
4

5 (a) and (h), (c) and (g), (d) and (e), (i) and (j) are all pairs of perpendicular lines.
(b) and (f) are not perpendicular to any other lines, or to each other.

1
6 gradient of AB = –3, gradient of DE =
3

x 13
7 equation: y = − +
3 3

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2015 2


Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended CD-ROM

4 2 7
8 gradient AB = − , gradient BC = , gradient AC = .
7 3 4
4 7
gradient AB × gradient AC = − × = –1, therefore triangle ABC is right-angled.
7 4

9 (a) x2 + 12x + 11 (b) x2 + 5x – 84


(c) y2 – y – 12 (d) x2 – 16
(e) p2 – 17p + 72 (f) x2 – 6x + 9
(g) h2 – 10h – 75 (h) p2 – 13p + 30
(i) 4x2 – 2x – 12 (j) 12x2 – 19x – 21
(k) 2 + 13x – 45x2 (l) 6p2 – 13pq – 28q2
(m) x4 – 2x2 – 8 (n) x3 – 1
(o) 6p2q + 8pq2 – 9p – 12q (p) p2 + 2pq + q2
(q) p3 + 3p2q + 3pq2 + q3 (r) x4 – 2x2y2 + y4
(s) x2 + y2 – z2 + 2xy (t) m4 – 4m3n + 6m2n2 – 4mn3 + n4

1 1
10 (a)(i) –1 (ii) 4.24 (iii) ( −1 , 1 )
2 2
1
(b)(i) (ii) 4.47 (iii) (6, 3)
2
(c)(i) 1 (ii) 2 2 = 2.83 (iii) (3, –2)
(d)(i) 0 (ii) 10 (iii) (0, 0)
1
(e)(i) 4 (ii) 4.12 (iii) ( − , 6)
2
(f)(i) 1 (ii) 5.66 (iii) (2, –1)
12 1
(g)(i) − (ii) 13.9 (iii) ( ,0)
7 2
3
(h)(i) (ii) 10 (iii) (5, 5)
4
1 1
(i)(i) – (ii) 6.71 (iii) (1, −5 )
2 2

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2015 3


Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended CD-ROM

11 (a) (x + 4)(x – 4) (b) 5(x + 2)(x – 2) (c) (x – 3)(x – 1) (d) (x + 4)(x – 7)


(e) (x + 8)(x – 8) (f) (7 + x)(7 – x) (g) (4x + 3)(4x – 3) (h) (x + 7)2
(i) (x – 6)2 (j) (x – 5)2 (k) 2(x + 3)2 (l) 2(x2 – 8)
(m) (x + 1)(x + 2) (n) (x – 2)(x – 4) (o) (x + 8)(x – 3) (p) (x + 5)(x – 4)
(q) (x + 1)(x – 3) (r) 3(x + 5)(x – 5) (s) (xy + 5)(xy – 5) (t) 2(1 + xy)(1 – xy)

12 (a) x = –7 (b) x = 2 (c) x = –1 or x = –2 (d) x = 7 or x = –5


(e) x = 3 or x = –2 (f) x = 1 or x = –6 (g) x = –1 or x = –6 (h) x = –11
(i) x = 3 or x = 1 (j) x = 7 or x = –6 (k) x = 6 or x = –8 (l) x = –2 or x = –5

13 (a)(i) x – 7 x + 12 = 0

⇒ ( x )2 – 7 x + 12 = 0
⇒ y2 – 7y + 12 = 0
(ii) x = 9 or x = 16

(b) p = 36 or p = 25

(c) t = 64 or t = 4

(d) d = ±√3 or ±√2

(Alternative answer:
2
14 ( x) +1=2 x
Let y= x
⇒ 2
( x) –2 x +1=0 1
y+ y =2 (×y)
2
⇒ ( x – 1) = 0

⇒ x = 1 or 1(repeated solution) y2 + 1 = 2y (−2y)

⇒ x = 1 is the only solution y2 − 2y + 1 = 0


(y − 1)(y − 1) = 0 factorise
y = 1, so as √1 = 1, x = 1)

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2015 4


Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended CD-ROM

15 (a) a = 2, b = –7
(b) min value = –7, when x = –2
(c)

x = 0.65 and x = – 4.65

16 x = 2 or x = 3

Original material © Cambridge University Press 2015 5

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