6/28/2020 Step Up Math 7

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q From zero, move to the first number 4. Since the second number is positive, we move 5 places to the
q
Example 4 Add (–4) and 5 on the number line.
right from 4 to reach 9.
Solution: +4 +5
From zero, move to the first number –4. Since the second number is positive, we move 5 places to the
right from –4 to reach 1.
–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1
+5
–4 ∴ 4 – (–5) = 4 + 5 = 9

Example 7 Subtract 3 from (–6) using a number line.

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Solution:
∴ (–4) + 5 = 1 (–6) – 3 can be written as (–6) + (additive inverse of 3) = (–6) + (–3)

Subtraction of Integers using a Number Line From zero, move to the firstnumber –6. Since the second number is negative, we move 3 places to the
left from –6 to reach –9.
Subtraction is the inverse operation of addition. Subtraction is adding the additive inverse of the number
to be subtracted. Thus in subtraction, the sign of the integer that is to be subtracted changes to the –3 –6
opposite sign.
Thus, subtracting 7 from –9, is the same as adding the additive inverse of 7 to –9.
–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
Or –9 – 7 = (–9) + (–7) = –16.
∴ (–6) – 3 = (–6) + (–3) = (–9)
Thus,
Example 8 Subtract –2 from –5 using a number line.
a – b = a + (additive inverse of b) = a + (– b)
Solution:

G H
a – (–b) = a + (additive inverse of (–b)) = a + b
(–5) – (–2) can be written as (–5) + (additive inverse of (–2)) = (–5) + 2
Consider the followingexamples.
From zero, move to the first number –5. Since the second number is positive, we move 2 places to the
Example 5 Subtract 3 from 5 using a number line. right from –5 to reach –3.
–5
Solution:
+2
5 – 3 can be written as 5 + (additive inverse of 3) = 5 + (–3), now this is the same as addition of two
integers as studied earlier. –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
From zero, move to the first number 5. Since the second number is negative, we move 3 places to the ∴ (–5) – (–2) = (–5) + 2 = (–3)
left from 5 to reach 2.

+5
–3 Let's Exercise
Exercise 1.1
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. Represent the followingas integers with the proper sign.
∴ 5 + (–3) = 5 – 3 = 2 a. Aloan of ` 5000 taken from a bank.
Example 6 Subtract (–5) from 4 using a number line. b. Again of 8 kilogram.
c. The bank gave an interest of ` 500 on a deposit.
Solution:
d. The temperature of Shimla is 7 degrees Celsius below zero.
4 – (–5) can be written as 4 + (additive inverse of (–5)) = 4 + 5
e. 285 feet below sea level.

4 5

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