Constructivist Teaching-Module
Constructivist Teaching-Module
Constructivist Teaching-Module
AJA19-0226
I.INTRODUCTION
In the chapter summary of Chapter 2 it was said that the indirect and inductive
methods are more constructivist than the direct and deductive methods of teaching.
What is constructivist teaching?
Goals and objectives are derived by the student or in negotiation with the
teacher or system.
Exploration is a favored approach in order to encourage students to seek
knowledge independently and to manage the pursuit of their goals.
Scaffolding is facilitated to help students perform just beyond the limits of
their ability.
5. Meaningful Learning
Knowledge construction and not reproduction is emphasized.
The learners’ previous knowledge constructions, beliefs and attitudes are
considered in the knowledge construction process.
Errors provide the opportunity for insight into students’ previous knowledge
constructions.
Interactive Teaching
The word interactive reminds us of people with whom the learner interacts in
order to learn. In the classroom, first, we have the teachers; second, are the other
learners in class. Beyond the classroom are the school head and the non-teaching
staff. The interaction can be collaborative and so we have collaborative teaching and
learning.
This interaction can also be between the learner and learning material like a
module, a film, a video clip, a poem, a map, a model of the digestive system. These
learning materials are products of experts. Interacting with instructional materials is
also interacting with people. Today we speak of interactive viewing.
COLLABORATIVE TEACHING
everything it can help to every group member learn but the individual
student is ultimately responsible and accountable for his/her learning.
Therefore, summative assessment of learning will be individual. There will
be no such thing as cooperative test or assessment. The group is
successful if and only if all the members of the group attain the intended
outcome. So, if you intend to ask each one to evaluate individual
member’s participation in the collaborative activity by means of a scoring
rubrics, tell them and show them the scoring rubrics.
5. Must make clear that at the end of the activity, they have to reflect together.
Another thing to emphasize in cooperative learning is the fact that the task
does not end with assessment. It culminates in a group processing where
they reflect and analyze what made or not made them realize their group
goal, make decisions on what need to be sustained or improved in future
collaborative process.
2. Reach the application phase of lesson development. If you apply the 4As
(Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, Application) in the development of your
lesson, your application comes after your students have undergone an
activity, analyzed the activity, and have come up with abstraction and
generalization based on their analysis. This is an inductive teaching
method. If you develop your lesson deductively, your application may
come after your lesson presentation and deepening.
Three-level Teaching
Integrative teaching is also done when you integrate knowledge, skills and
values in a lesson. Corpuz and Salandanan described a three-level
teaching approach.
val
ues
concepts, more
complex skills
facts, skills
Formation
Information
Transformation
Certificate No. AJA19-0226
Inquiry-Based Teaching
Constructivist teaching is also inquiry-based. As the name implies, this is
teaching that is focused on inquiry or question. But effective inquiry is more than
simply answering questions or getting the right answer. It espouses investigation,
exploration, search, quest, research, pursuit and study.
It is enhanced by involvement with a community of learners, each learning
from the other in social interaction (Kuklthau, Maniotes and Caspari, 2007).
Unfortunately, more often than not, schools overload students with isolated
bits of information, information which may be true today but outdated tomorrow. The
knowledge base for disciplines is constantly expanding and changing. Somebody
said, “If we are only teaching what we know, our children can only do as bad as we
are doing, and this the challenge we are facing we have to go beyond it” (Pauli,
2009, TEDx).
One of the 16 Habits of Mind are questioning and posing problems. Effective
problem solvers know how to ask questions to fill in the gaps between what they
know and what they don’t know. Effective questioners are inclined to ask range of
questions:
What evidence do you have?
How do you know that it’s true?
How reliable is this data source?
They also pose questions about alternative points of view:
From whose viewpoint are we seeing, reading or hearing?
From what angle, what perspective, are we viewing this situation?
Effective questioners pose questions that make causal connections and
relationships:
How are these (people, events or situations) related to one another?
What produced this connection?
Sometimes they pose hypothetical problems characterized by “if” questions:
What do you think would happen if…?
If that is true, then what might happen…?
Inquirers recognize discrepancies and phenomena in their environment, and
they probe into their causes:
Why do cats purr?
How high can birds fly?
Why does the hair on my head grow so fast, while the hair in my arms and
legs grows so slowly?
What would happen if we put a saltwater fish in a freshwater aquarium? What
are some alternative solutions to international conflict, other than wars?
IV. SUMMARY
V. ASSESSMENT TASK
VI. REFERENCES