Question Bank

Subject: Environment & Ecology

UNIT – I: Environment & Ecology

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. Explain either pond or grassland ecosystem. (Dec 2010)

2. Write short notes on any two of the following: (Dec 2010)
(a) Hydrosphere (b) Characteristics of ecosystem (c) Food – Web
3. State various types of ecosystem. Explain ecological characteristics of pond ecosystem with diagram. (Dec
2009)
4. What is environmental degradation? Describe briefly the social causes of environmental degradation.
5. Explain in brief the environmental impact assessment on the following points: (a)Definition (b)
Objectives (c) Goods (d) Methodology of EIA (Dec 2009)
6. Who coined the term Ecosystem? (May 2010)
7. Write short notes on (any two):
(a) Environmental degradation (b) Oxygen cycle (c) Nutrient cycling (d) Nitrogen Cycle (May
2010)
8. What is EIA? What are the major steps taken in EIA? What are the advantages of conducting EIA of a
project?
9. Compare grassland and pond ecosystem on the basis of abiotic component, producers, consumers and
decomposers. (may 2009)
10. Explain various energy flow model with diagram relating with the laws of thermodynamics and state the
importance of energy flow model in an ecosystem. (may 2009)
11. Describe the cycling of nitrogen in ecosystem and state its role in environmental pollution. (may 2009)
12. Define biome and give two examples. (may 2008)
13. Explain and discuss the different types of ecological pyramids. (may 2008)
14. Describe briefly the impact of environment upon human beings and impact of human beings on
environment.
15. Define environment and name the different segments of Environment.
16. What are non-conventional energy sources and their types? (may 2006)
17. Explain Food Chain and Food Web.
18. Give examples of Tropic level I, II, III, IV in the transfer of food energy. (May 2009)
19. Define Ecosystem. Explain the components of Ecosystem. (Dec 2007)
20. Explain ecology and ecosystem? Give a brief account of different components of Ecosystem. (May 2008)
 UNIT – II: AIR POLLUTION
1. Write the various chemical reactions involved in acid rain formation? (2005; April/May 2009)
2. What is air pollution? (Dec/Jan 2008- 09)
3. Define primary pollutants and name them. (Dec/Jan 2008- 09)
4. Name two groups of hydrocarbons which are found to be harmful with respect to air
pollution. (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
5. Discuss the type of air quality standards. State Indian air quality standard and give an account
of ambient air quality standard of primary air pollutions.
6. How the selection of air pollution control equipment is done? Explain with diagram two dry
type mechanical collectors to control particulate pollution?
7. What are the devices used for gaseous emissions or techniques used for controlling gaseous
pollutants?
8. What is the wet collection devices used for air pollution control?
9. Give diagram of structure of atmosphere along with temperature profile of atmospheric and
related phenomenon. (Dec/Jan 2008 – 09)
10. Describe the characteristics of major atmospheric regions giving a diagram of profile of
temperature and pressure of the regions. (Nov/Dec 2009)
11. Explain the concept of air pollution? What are the major sources of air pollution?
12. Write a note on primary pollutants? What are primary air pollutant discuss their source and
relative contribution to air pollution. (2005)
13. What are the sources of CO? How can this type of pollution be controlled?
14. What are the sources of carbon-monoxide and sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere? Mention
their effects on man and his environment. How are they controlled? (Nov./Dec. 2008)
15. What are the source, harmful effects & control of hydrocarbon?
16. What are the various types of particulates on the environment?
17. What are secondary pollutants? What are its sources & effect?(2009)
18. What are green house gases? What is a green house effect? Explain cause and effect of global
warming? (2008, April/May 2010)
19. What are the source, harmful effects & control of NOx? (2009)
20. What are the source, effect & control of SOx?(2009)
 UNIT – III: WATER POLLUTION

1. What do you mean by Eutrophication? Write its type, control and effects in
brief.
2. Write as essay on pollutants of water.
3. Describe “Anaerobic digestion process” of waste water treatment. Give the
advantages and limitations of this process.
4. Explain the differentiation between organic & inorganic water pollutants.
5. Describe the activated sludge process state the advantages & disadvantages
of this process.
6. Define primary, secondary & tertiary treatment process of waste water?
7. What is secondary waste water treatment? Explain the working of tricking
filter with diagram?
8. Explain briefly aerobic & an aerobic treatment of waste water?
9. What is C.O.D.? How COD is measured in polluted water? State the
significance & limitation of C.O.D.?
10. Draw a schematic diagram of waste water treatment plant and discuss. The
steps involved in primary treatment with suitable diagram.
11. Describe primary treatment of waste water, what are its advantages?
12. Explain the method of determination of dissolved oxygen in water sample
giving suitable reaction? Write the importance of D.O., B.O.D., & C.O.D.
13. Short note on:
(a) Sedimentation (b) Types of water pollution (c) D. O.
14. Write the different types of water pollutants?
15. Write the harmful effects of domestic and industrial waste water?
16. Explain with differentiation between organic and inorganic water pollutants?
(2005)
17. write sort note on :
(a) Coagulation (b) BOD (c) Septic tank
18. Write short note on:
(a) Chemical oxidation (b) Ion exchange (c) Hydrological cycle
19. Write short note on:
(a) Sludge digester (b) Activated sludge process (c) Aerated lagoon

20. Write short note on (any two):

(a) Trickling filter (b) Tertiary treatment of water
(c) Water Pollutants (d) Oxidation Pond
 UNIT – IV: LAND and NOISE POLLUTION
1. What is soil pollution? Discuss the various sources, harmful effects and control methods
of soil pollution?
2. How agro chemicals cause soil pollution? What are their controlling methods?
3. Write a note on Lithosphere.
4. How are solid wastes classified? What are the objectives and considerations of solid
waste management?
5. What is Hazardous waste? How it affects community? Give its examples and sources.
6. What is solid waste? Discuss the significance of solid waste management? How 3R
strategy of solid waste is carried out?
7. Short note on:-
a. Composting and its advantages c. Permissible noise level.
b. Sanitary Land filling d. Soil Profile
8. What is MSW? Explain the method of disposal of MSW with appropriate diagram. Write
the advantages, short-coming of the operated disposal method.
9. Explain the status of recycling of any four reclaimed materials. Why recycling is most
important practice within the solid waste management hierarchy?
10. Write informative note on:
a. Physiological and psychological effect of noise pollution (Nov/Dec 2008)
b. Decibel Scale.
c. Biodegradable waste
d. Rubbish and Garbage
11. Write informative note on contribution of agricultural wastes and radioactive waste in
soil pollution?
12. Describe briefly about sources, effects and control of noise pollution? (2009)
13. What is thermal process (incineration) of disposal of solid waste and also give its
advantages and disadvantages.
14. Give advantages of “recycling and waste utilization”. Give at least four points.
15. Discuss about solid waste management and various solid waste disposal techniques
used for industrial purpose?
16. Write a short note on: (a) The Decibel Scale (b) Use of sound absorption in Noise
control ((Nov/Dec 2008)
17. What is Hazardous waste? How it affects community? Give its examples and sources.
18. Give advantage and disadvantages of solid waste disposal by land filling?
19. What is noise pollution? Define decibel. Suggest measures for prevention & control of
noise pollution?
20. What is solid waste? Discuss the significance of solid waste management? How 3R
strategy of solid waste is carried out?
 UNIT – V: Environmental Biotechnology

1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of bio-surfactants?

2. Discuss the pollutants librated from paper or leather industry and their biotechnological
remediation? (Nov. Dec.2009)
3. Write note on : (a) Bio-fertilizers (b) Biosensors (c) Biochip (d) Discuss the
role of biotechnology in food and allied industries (Nov – Dec 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
4. What is biotechnology? Explain with examples how biological process plays an important
role in environmental protection? (Give at least 6 points) (Dec/Jan 2008) (Nov. Dec.2009)
(April/May 2010)
5. Short note on: (a) bio-fertilizers (b) bioreactor (c) biochips
6. Discuss the environmental problem related to west disposal by tannery industries and
paper industries?
7. What do you understand by the term energy crop? (April/May 2009)
8. Write two main application of biotechnology in food and beverages? (April/May 2009)
9. Discuss the role of any four of bio-fertilizers which is précised in modern days? (
10. Discuss the pollutant librated from the following industries and their biotechnological
remediation: (a) Paper industries (b) Leather (C) Pesticide industry
11. Write an informative notes on any two : (a) biosensor (b) Bio-fuel (c) Pesticide
industries (d) Mycorhizza
12. What is fermentation? How can we obtain ethanol from starch? (May-June 2007)
13. What is biotechnology and why is it called multidisciplinary in nature?
14. How biotechnology is helpful in pollution prevention in: (a) Tannery industries (b) Pulp and
paper industries
15. How biotechnology is useful in pollution prevention in (a) Pesticide industries (b) Food
and allied industries
16. Define biotechnology? What is the current status of biotechnology in environmental
protection?
17. Discuss the role of biotechnology in environment management with suitable examples.
18. What are bio-control agents? Discuss the application using suitable examples.
19. Discuss the role of micro organism and enzymes in food and allied industries?
20. Enlist some of the potential advantages and potential applications of bio- computer
(biochip)?