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I3ICEF12 - Exam (English Version) : Exercise 1

This document contains three exercises related to structural analysis using the finite element method. Exercise 1 involves determining stresses and displacements in a plane frame structure subjected to distributed loading. Exercise 2 looks at the same structure but with a thermal loading. Exercise 3 analyzes stresses in a simply supported plate with a transverse end load using plane stress triangular elements. Key steps include determining element stiffness matrices, assembling the global system, solving for displacements and stresses, and comparing finite element results to reference solutions.

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Marcos Vinicius
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27 views2 pages

I3ICEF12 - Exam (English Version) : Exercise 1

This document contains three exercises related to structural analysis using the finite element method. Exercise 1 involves determining stresses and displacements in a plane frame structure subjected to distributed loading. Exercise 2 looks at the same structure but with a thermal loading. Exercise 3 analyzes stresses in a simply supported plate with a transverse end load using plane stress triangular elements. Key steps include determining element stiffness matrices, assembling the global system, solving for displacements and stresses, and comparing finite element results to reference solutions.

Uploaded by

Marcos Vinicius
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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June, 4th 2020 1/2

I3ICEF12 - Exam (English version)


duration 2h00

Exercise 1
Let us consider the plane structure on the left figure below. The 4 beams AB, BC, BD and BE are articulated at
their ends. They all have the same charateristics : length L = 2 m, elastic modulus E = 200 GPa, cross-section
area S = 4.10−3 m2 , second moment of area I = 2.10−5 m4 . The loading considered in this exercise is a distributed
loading −rey with magnitude r = 6.104 N/m applied on beams AB and BC.

This problem is plane and symmetric (B, ey , ez ). In the following, we exploit this symmetry to reduce the size of the
problem. We model the left half : the AB part is meshed using a beam element e1, while the BD part is meshed
using a bar element e2 as shown on the right in the figure.
Question 1 : Recall the conditions for a problem to be symmetrical and then specify, in this case, the
conditions to be applied to point B (node 2) to take this symmetry into account.
Question 2 : Explain why a bar element cannot be used for the AB part and why a bar element is suffi-
cient for the BD part.
Recommended notations for the remainder : a = ES/L et b = EI/L3 .
Question 3 : Determine the elementary stiffness matrices (literal expressions).

Question 4 : Éstablish the reference linear system for the half-structure resulting from the assembly and
Neumann conditions.
Question 5 : Deduce the reduced linear system after applying the Dirichlet conditions. The inverse of this
reduced matrix is given below (units used : m, Pa, N).
 
167.9 2.5 −82.1
K? −1 ≈ 10−9 ·  2.5 5. 2.5 
−82.1 2.5 167.9

Question 6 : Solve the problem and determine the value of the trips (specify units).

Question 7 : Illustrate the deformation of the structure with a qualitative diagram.

Question 8 : Determine the value of the normal stress in bar e2 (specify unit)
June, 4th 2020 2/2

Exercise 2
The structure defined in Exercise 1 is considered again. This time, the distributed loading of Exercise 1 is repla-
ced by a uniform thermal loading : the 4 beams undergo, after they have been assembled without stress, an increase
in their temperature ∆T = 80◦ C. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the beam material is noted α = 1.10−5 ◦ C−1 .

Question 9 : Compute γ = ESα∆T , specify units.

Question 10 : Construct the force vector F to be considered for the global system Kq = F for this load
case.
Question 11 : Determine the value of non-zero trips (specify unit). Illustrate the deformation of the struc-
ture with a qualitative diagram.
Question 12 : Determine the normal stress in bar e2. Computing the stress state in beam e1 would give
here a uniform compression state σx = −160 MPa. Comment on the results obtained.

Exercise 3
We consider a plate with dimensions 400 × 40 mm and thickness b = 4 mm clamped on the left edge and subjected
to a transverse force of 1000N applied on its right edge.

This plate is made in aluminum, with E =70 GPa and ν =0.3. We created a finite
element model to study this problem. The selected mesh is the one shown in the
figure ; it is made of Plane Stress elements all having the shape of a right-angled
isoscele triangle. The mesh pitch is L = 10mm.
We are first interested in the e0 element located in the lower corner near the clam-
ping (see figure), one of the areas where the stresses are the highest. This ele-
ment is bounded by nodes 0, 5 and 1.
The displacements of the nodes calculated by the code are given in the following
table :
Node 0 1 4 5 8 9
u (mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0414 +0.0197 +0.0437
v (mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0199 -0.0112 -0.0201

Question 13 : Construct the matrix of the gradient of the shape functions B0


as a function of L.

Question 14 : Compute the strain and stresse in element e0. Explain why the values calculated here are
valid for any point in element e0.
Question 15 : Compare these stress values to the RDM solution.
What about the actual σy constraint on the edge connecting node 0 and node 5 ?
Question 16 : Same question with element e7.
Compare and comment on the results with respect to element e0.

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