Scribd
Upload
333 views22 pages

Embankment Construction

The document discusses the design and construction of highway embankments. It describes how embankments are necessary to raise the subgrade level above the water table and satisfy road alignments. Key elements of embankment design include dimensions, slopes, materials selection, drainage, and settlement analysis. Proper compaction of embankment materials in lifts is also essential.

Uploaded by

Leon Fourone
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
333 views22 pages

Embankment Construction

The document discusses the design and construction of highway embankments. It describes how embankments are necessary to raise the subgrade level above the water table and satisfy road alignments. Key elements of embankment design include dimensions, slopes, materials selection, drainage, and settlement analysis. Proper compaction of embankment materials in lifts is also essential.

Uploaded by

Leon Fourone
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

INTRODUCTION

 When the sub grade line of highway


is raised the existing ground level, the
embankment is constructed.
NECESSITY OF Constructing THE PAVEMENT

 Make the subgrade level above the ground


water table
 Satisfy the vertical alignment of a
highway.
Design and construction stages
 Evaluate the embankment height
 Embankment materials
 Compaction and its materials
 Construct the embankment with equal
slopes
 Check settlement
Design of embankment
 The embankment design elements are
as follows…..
Selection of dimensions
Slopes
Settlement analysis
Materials
Drainage
Selection of dimensions
 The dimensions are select due to the
roadway width , height and its side
slopes.
Width - its fixed as per IS
recommendations . It may be single, two and
multiple lane roads.
Height - its based on desired grade line
of the highway and the topography
 Side slope - in this basis generally flat slope is
considered , because of the erosion control
Stability of slopes
 Sloping surfaces are subjected to get
shearing stresses at all intervals
 If the shear stress more, then a surface is
formed at a failure.
 For the failure of slope the main reason is
shear stresses are non uniform at all
intervals
 If the failure problem arrives means
correct the slope shape to the normal
sloping points
Types of slopes

 Infinite slope: it’s the type of slope which


is give equal extent and uniform slope to
the normal surface conditions.
 Finite slope: in this type the slope
having limited height
Settlement and stability foundation
 It occur due to compression of fill
material in the subgrade.
 Compaction is the main program of
settlement
 If the compaction is not even then the
settlement is collapse
 F.o.s should be more than three means
there is no other problems due to
settlement, if problem arise convert equal
stresses depends upon F.O.S
Selection of embankment materials

 The embankment materials should


have the strength and stability.
 Silts and clays are not a constructing
soil,
 On the site locating soil is best to the
embankment foundation
The soil properties may contain
the following characteristics
 Soil have more strength and stability.
 High plastic soils should be avoided
during construction
 Soil should have good drainage
properties.
 Clay soils are not satisfy the drainage
conditions
 The high density compacted soils should
be prepared in the construction.
Drainage system
 Embankment height is highly notified on
8m.
 Such a locations some of damages may
occur the cause of rain water
 When rain water falls highly means
erosion will occur on the slopes and
shoulders.
 This erosion may be turn into road
pavement
Cont…
 Here this possible cause embankment
drainage is important one.
 Soil type, height of embankment, high
rainfall, are the reasons may appear
the erosion
 Let us we the following image how to
the embankment drainage working on
a highway
EMBANKMENT WEAK SOILS
 In the location weak soil attained
special designs are considered
 If the un suitable soil presents in the
subgrade means the soil remove that
place by the use of deep foundation
 The structure design conditions are
not satisfy, immediately the structure
redesigned by the use of light weight
materials.
Cont…
 Removing poor materials in
subgrade
 Replace good resisting materials
 Treating the soil such improve the
properties
construction
 The construction techniques may depends
upon the following cases..
 Borrow pit – excavate soil
 borrow pit may represent the IRC classification.
 It should locate the road boundary
 It should be in rectangular shape
 Every borrow pits having a distance of 5m
 The maximum depth is 1.5m… this depth is
limited depth of borrow pit
Cleaning of natural ground
• This process may undertaken the
earthwork for a embankment
construction
• Its consist of removing trees, roots,
obstacles etc..
• The top soil is retained and highly
compacted soil is placed on the
surface
Compaction due to original ground
 Dry density of soil may be have the
density of 90%.
 In the original ground (that means
loosening soil) watering and rolling is
provided in the layers of 25cm.
 This watering, rolling treatment has
extended to a depth of 0.5m.
Compaction of embankment
 Earlier embankment is constructed by
rolling
 Soil is dumped on the ground surface
 The water content should be in 2%
 Required water added on the site
 Soil spread along over the surface
with a depth of 25cm
 The mechanical equipment is needed
to compaction
Cont…
 Standard three wheel steel tyred
rollers are used to the compaction
 Compaction of each layer is called as
lift.
 This main method is called as
compaction

You might also like