Module 1

Quarter: 1
Lesson 1: Basic Concepts on Respiratory System
Parts and Functions of the Respiratory Systems

Content standard:
The learners demonstrate understanding of how the different structures of the
circulatory and respiratory systems work together to transport oxygen-rich blood and
nutrients to the different parts of the body.

Performance standard:
The learners should be able to conduct an information dissemination activity on
effective ways of taking care of the respiratory and circulatory systems based on data
gathered from the school or local health workers.

Learning Competency:
Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport
nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body; S9LT-
lab-26

Objectives:
At the end of the module, the learners should be able to:
1. Describe respiratory system
2. Identify the parts of the respiratory system
3. Discuss the parts of the respiratory system

What I need to know

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 Do you know that you can survive for several days without water and survive for
a month without food, but you cannot survive for more than five minutes without
oxygen?

Life depends on breathing because the cells of the body need oxygen. You
breathe in to bring fresh air into the lungs. The lungs must separate the oxygen from
the air. Then you breathe out to get rid of the carbon dioxide that the body does not
need

What I Know
A. Direction: Fill in the K-W-H-L Chart below to assess your prior knowledge and
understanding of the topic, Parts and Functions of the Respiratory System.

K W H L
What do I know? What do I want to find How can I find What did I learn?
out? out what I’ve
learned

B. Pre-Assessment. Answer the following:

I. In the box below is a list of the different parts of our body. Identify the parts
that belong to the respiratory system. (5 pts.)

Brain Nose Pancreas Feet Bronchi

Lungs Eyes Liver Alveoli Bone
Stomach Hair Trachea Brain Muscle

II. Write the correct answer on the space provided before the number.
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__________ 1. It is a process of pumping air into and out of the lungs.
__________ 2. Two cone-shaped organs inside the chest.
__________ 3. Organ that filters and warms the air entering into our body.
__________ 4. It connects the nose with the windpipe.
__________ 5. A large muscle that lies flat at the bottom of the chest cavity.

Key to answers on page 10

What’s In
Label the diagram below by writing the number in the box that corresponds to parts and
functions of the respiratory system. Use the choices found in the box below.

1. Bronchi - also called bronchial tubes; two branching tubes that connect the
trachea to the lungs
2. Trachea - also called windpipe; a hollow tube that serves as passageway of air
into the lungs
3. Bronchioles - the finer subdivisions of the bronchi; hairlike tubes that connect to
the alveoli
4. Nasal passages – serve as channel for airflow through the nose in which the air
is warmed, cleaned, and moistened.
5. Alveoli - also called airsacs; allow the gas exchange in lungs.
6. Nose – the organ through which the air enters and is filtered

Key to answers on page 11

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What’s new
Riddle Time: Who am I?

Inhale these scrambled words. Exhale the answers of the riddles. Write your
answer before each item.

________________________ 1. I am an organ through which the air enters

and is filtered. ESNO
________________________ 2. I am hollow tube that serves as passageway
of air into the lungs. AAERTCH
________________________ 3. There are 300 millions of me in your lungs.
LOVEALI
________________________ 4. I go through the air sacs and into the blood.
YXGONE
________________________ 5. We are the two branching tubes that connect
the trachea to the lungs. CHINROB

Key to answers on page 11

What is it
THE HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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 It is the system, consisting of tubes and is responsible for the exchange of gases.
Humans breathe by filtering incoming air and transporting it into the microscopic alveoli
where gases are exchanged.
Your respiratory system provides the energy needed by cells of the body to
function according to their designated tasks. It controls breathing. It brings in the
oxygen your body needs and gets rid of the carbon dioxide that is left over.

PARTS & FUNCTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

THE NOSE
It provides an entrance for air in which air filtered by
coarse hairs inside the nostrils.
It has 2 portions : the external and internal.The
external portion is supported by a of bone and
cartilage covered with skin and lined with mucous
membrane. The internal portion is a large cavity in the
skull, merging with the extrenal nose anteriorly and
communicating with the throat posteriorly.

NASAL PASSAGES – serve as a channel for airflow

through the nose in which the air is warmed , cleaned
and moistened
*cilia- tiny hairs that filters out dust and other particles
present in the air and protects the nasal passage and
other regions of the respiratory tract

TRACHEA
The trachea leads to the lungs.16-20 C-shaped rings
of hyaline cartilage joined by fibroelastic connective
tissue. Flexible for bending but stays open despite
pressure changes during breathing.It is a tubular
passageway for air, located anterior to the
esophagus. It extends from the larynx to the 5th
thoracic vertebra where it divides into the right and
left bronchi.The inner wall of the trachea is lined with
ciliated mucous membrane with many goblet cells
that serve to trap incoming particles. The tracheal wall
is supported by 20 incomplete cartilaginous rings.

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THE BRONCHI
The Bronchi are the two main air passages into the
lungs.
They are composed of the:
Right Primary Bronchus
- leading to the right lung.

Left Primary Bronchus”

- leading to the left lung.

THE LUNGS
The paired soft, spongy, cone-shaped lungs,
separated medially by the mediastinum and are
enclosed by the diaphragm and thoracic cage.

THE ALVEOLI
They are cup-shaped out pouching lined by
epithelium and supported by a thin elastic
basement membrane.

Alveolar sacs are 2 or more alveoli that share a

common opening.

This is where the primary exchange of gases

occur.

THE DIAPHRAGM
The diaphragm is a large muscle that lies flat at the
bottom of the chest cavity. The diaphragm aids in
breathing by moving up and down.

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What’s more
Exercise 1: Word Grid
Enclose the group of letters, which describes the parts of the respiratory system. The
words can be read vertically, horizontally, diagonally and/or backwards.

The hidden words are:

Bronchi Nose Trachea Nasal Passage Pharynx
bronchioles Mouth Alveoli Lungs Diaphragm

Key to answers on page 12

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Exercise 2: Crossword Puzzle
Fill the boxes with the missing letters of the word being described across or downward.

ACROSS: DOWN:
2. Two branching tubes 1. Windpipe
3. Process of how air gets into our body 5. Process of how air gets out of our body
4. Throat 8. Breathing organ
6. Finer subdivisions of the bronchi
7. Dome shaped-muscle

Key to answers on page 13

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What I have learned
Breathing is a mechanical process. It is a process of pumping air into and out of
the lungs. Breathing is done by a group of organs that make up the RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
The human respiratory system is one of the most important systems of our body.
It is made up of organs that help us to breathe. This includes the nose, nasal passage,
mouth, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. The main organ used is the
lungs. The diaphragm is a muscle found at the bottom of the chest cavity which helps in
breathing by moving up and down.

What I can do
Create a journal that depicts the proper care of the parts of the respiratory system.
(2-3 sentences)

Assessment (Post Test)

I. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which organ is NOT a part of the respiratory system?
a. lungs c. small intestines
b. trachea d. alveoli

2. Where does exchange of gases take place?

a. alveoli c. bronchioles
b. bronchi d. diaphragm

3. Which of the following are the functions of the respiratory system?

I. Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and
the cells.
II. Replaces blood in our lungs
III. Supplies oxygenated blood to the different parts of the body
IV. Separates oxygen from air

a. I and II c. I and IV
b. II and III d. III and IV

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 4. If we have colds and we cannot breathe with our nose, which organ can
we use instead?
a. Mouth c. Legs
b. Ears d. Heart

5. Which of the following serve as a channel for airflow through the nose in
which the air is warmed, cleaned and moistened?
a. Mouth c. Lungs
b. Heart d. Nasal Passage

II. TRUE OR FALSE. Write TRUE is the underlined word is correct and FALSE
if it is incorrect.

__________ 1. The respiratory system is responsible for the breaking down

of food molecules into simpler forms.

__________ 2. The lungs are a pair of spongy air-filled organs located on

either side of the thorax.

__________ 3. If we have colds and cannot breathe by the nose, we can use
the mouth instead.

__________ 4. The trachea is commonly called the throat. It connects the nose
with the windpipe.

__________ 5. The alveoli is the site of gas exchange between the oxygen and
carbon dioxide.

Key to answers on page 13

Additional activities
Answer key
Pre-Assessment:
I. II.
1. Nose 1. Breathing
2. Lungs 2. Lungs
3. Trachea 3. Nasal Passage
4. Alveoli 4. Trachea
5. Bronchi 5. Diaphragm

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 What’s In

2 6
1 4
3
5
What’s new

1. NOSE
2. TRACHEA
3. ALVEOLI
4. OXYGEN
5. BRONCHI

What’s more

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 Exercise 1: Word Grid

Bronchi Nose Trachea Nasal Passage Pharynx

bronchioles Mouth Alveoli Lungs Diaphragm

Exercise 2: Crossword Puzzle

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ACROSS: DOWN:
2. Two branching tubes - BRONCHI 1. Windpipe - TRACHEA
3. how air gets into our body - INHALE 5. how air gets out of our body - EXHALE
4. Throat - PHARYNX 8. Breathing organ - LUNGS
6. Finer subdivisions of the bronchi - BRONCHIOLES
7. Dome shaped-muscle - DIAPHRAGM

Post Test
I. Multiple Choice
1. c
2. a
3. c
4. a
5. d

II. True or False

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True

References
1. Project Ease Module for Biology –Module 11 Energy Producer and
Distributing Systems
2. Learner’s Material for Science Grade 9
3. MELC for Science
4. K to 12 Curriculum Guide for Science

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