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Data Managemaent For Apparel Assignment: (Type Here)

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82 views6 pages

Data Managemaent For Apparel Assignment: (Type Here)

The document discusses data management for apparel assignments.

Uploaded by

Reena Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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[Type here]

DATA MANAGEMAENT
FOR APPAREL
ASSIGNMENT

Submitted by:
AKRITI PANDEY MANSI CHAND PRIYA THAKUR POOJA KUMARI
BFT/18/615 BFT/18 BFT/18 BFT/18/S
Data models in DBMS

Data Model is a logical structure of Database. It describes the design of database to


reflect entities, attributes, relationship among data, constrains etc.

According to Hoberman (2009)

        “A data model is a way of finding the tools for both business and IT professionals, which
uses a set of symbols and text to precisely explain a subset of real information to improve
communication within the organization and thereby lead to a more flexible and stable application
environment”.

 A data model is an idea which describes how the data can be represented and
accessed from software system after its complete implementation.
 It is a simple abstraction of complex real world data gathering environment.
 It defines data elements and relationships among various data elements for a specified
system.
 The main purpose of data model is to give an idea that how final system or software will
look like after development is completed.

Types of Data Model

Following are the types of Data Model,


1. Hierarchical Model
2. Relational Model
3. Network Database Model
4. Entity Relationship Model
5. Object Model

Hierarchical Model
This database model organizes data into a tree-like-structure, with a single root, to which all
the other data is linked. The hierarchy starts from the Root data, and expands like a tree,
adding child nodes to the parent nodes.
In this model, a child node will only have a single parent node.
This model efficiently describes many real-world relationships like index of a book, recipes etc.
In hierarchical model, data is organized into tree-like structure with one one-to-many
relationship between two different types of data, for example, one department can have many
courses, many professors and of course many students.

Network Model
This is an extension of the Hierarchical model. In this model data is organized more like a
graph, and are allowed to have more than one parent node.
In this database model data is more related as more relationships are established in this
database model. Also, as the data is more related, hence accessing the data is also easier and
fast. This database model was used to map many-to-many data relationships.
This was the most widely used database model, before Relational Model was introduced.
Furthermore, this type of linking among data helps to access data easily and much faster. This
model helps to represent many to many relationships.

Advantages of a Network Database Model


-          Because it has the many-many relationship, network database model can easily be
accessed in any table record in the database
-          For more complex data, it is easier to use because of the multiple relationship
founded among its data
-          Easier to navigate and search for information because of its flexibility

Disadvantage of a Network Database Model

-          Difficult for first time users


-          Difficulties with alterations of the database because when information entered can
alter the entire database
Relational Model
In this model, data is organized in two-dimensional tables and the relationship is maintained by
storing a common field.
This model was introduced by E.F Codd in 1970, and since then it has been the most widely
used database model, in fact, we can say the only database model used around the world.
The basic structure of data in the relational model is tables. All the information related to a
particular type is stored in rows of that table.
Hence, tables are also known as relations in relational model.
Relational model can represent as a table with columns and rows. Each row is known as a
tuple. Each table of the column has a name or attribute.
Domain: It contains a set of atomic values that an attribute can take.
Attribute: It contains the name of a column in a particular table. Each attribute Ai must have a
domain, dom(Ai)
Relational instance: In the relational database system, the relational instance is represented
by a finite set of tuples. Relation instances do not have duplicate tuples.
Relational schema: A relational schema contains the name of the relation and name of all
columns or attributes.
Relational key: In the relational key, each row has one or more attributes. It can identify the
row in the relation uniquely.
Example: STUDENT Relation ample:

NAME ROLL_NO PHONE_NO ADDRESS

Ram 14795 7305758992 Noida

Shyam 12839 9026288936 Delhi

Laxman 33289 8583287182 Gurugram

Mahesh 27857 7086819134 Ghaziabad

Ganesh 17282 9028 9i3988 Delhi

o In the given table, NAME, ROLL_NO, PHONE_NO, ADDRESS, and AGE are the
attributes.
o The instance of schema STUDENT has 5 tuples.
o The instance of schema STUDENT has 5 tuples.
o t3 = <Laxman, 33289, 8583287182, Gurugram, 20>
Properties of Relations
o Name of the relation is distinct from all other relations.
o Each relation cell contains exactly one atomic (single) value
o Each attribute contains a distinct name
o Attribute domain has no significance
o tuple has no duplicate value
o Order of tuple can have a different sequence

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