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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

REVISION NO.: 0

KBC 2009 Example 001

WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The design flexural strengths are checked for the beam shown below. The beam
is loaded with a uniform load of 6.5 kN/m (D) and 11 kN/m (L). The flexural
moment capacity is checked for three unsupported lengths in the weak direction,
L b = 1.75 m, 4 m and 12 m.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Member Properties Loading Geometry

W460x74 w = 6.5 kN/m (D) Span, L = 12m
E = 205,000 MPa w = 11.0 kN/m (L)
Fy = 345 MPa

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Section Compactness Check (Bending)
 Member Bending Capacities
 Unsupported length factors

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 1

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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are comparing with the results of SAP2000.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Compactness Compact Compact 0.00%

C b ( Lb =1.75m) 1.003 1.002 0.10%

φb M n ( Lb =1.75m) (kN-m) 515.43 515.43 0.00%

C b ( Lb =4m) 1.015 1.014 0.10%

φb M n ( Lb =4m) (kN-m) 394.6 394.2 0.10%

C b ( Lb =12m) 1.136 1.136 0.00%

φb M n ( Lb =12m) (kN-m) 113.19 113.45 0.22%

COMPUTER FILE: KBC 2009 EX001

CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 2

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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material:
E = 205,000 MPa, F y = 345 MPa
Section: W460x74
b f = 191 mm, t f = 14.5 mm, d = 457 mm, t w = 9 mm
h = d − 2t f = 457 − 2 • 14.5 = 428 mm

h0 = d − t f = 457 − 14.5 = 442.5 mm

S 33 = 1457.3 cm3, Z 33 = 1660 cm3
I y =1670 cm4, r y = 42 mm, C w = 824296.4 cm6, J = 51.6 cm4

I y Cw 1670 • 824296.4
=rts = = 50.45 mm
S33 1457.3

Rm = 1.0 for doubly-symmetric sections

Other:
c = 1.0
L = 12 m

Loadings:
w u = (1.2w d + 1.6w l ) = 1.2(6.5) + 1.6(11) = 25.4 kN/m

Mu =
wu L2
8
∙
= 25.4 122/8 = 457.2 kN-m

Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
bf 191
λ
= = = 6.586
2t f 2 • 14.5

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 3

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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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E 205, 000
=λ p 0.38
= 0.38 = 9.263
Fy 345

λ < λ p , No localized flange buckling

Flange is Compact.

Localized Buckling for Web:

h 428
λ
= = = 47.56
tw 9

E 205, 000
=λ p 3.76
= 3.76 = 91.654
Fy 345

λ < λ p , No localized web buckling

Web is Compact.

Section is Compact.

Section Bending Capacity:

M p =Fy Z 33 =345 • 1660 =572.7 kN-m

Lateral-Torsional Buckling Parameters:

Critical Lengths:
E 205, 000
Lp =
1.76 ry =
1.76 • 42 =
1801.9 mm =
1.8 m
Fy 345
2
E Jc  0.7 Fy S33 ho 
=Lr 1.95rts 1 + 1 + 6.76  
0.7 Fy S33 ho  E Jc 
2
205, 000 51.6 • 1  0.7 • 345 1457.3 • 44.8 
Lr = 1.95 • 50.45 1 + 1 + 6.76  
0.7 • 345 1457.3 • 44.25  205, 000 51.6 • 1 

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 4

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Lr = 5.25 m

Non-Uniform Moment Magnification Factor:

For the lateral-torsional buckling limit state, the non-uniform moment magnification factor is
calculated using the following equation:

12.5M max
Cb = R m ≤ 3. 0 Eqn. 1
2.5M max + 3M A + 4 M B + 3M C
Where M A = first quarter-span moment, M B = mid-span moment, M C = second quarter-span
moment.
The required moments for Eqn. 1 can be calculated as a percentage of the maximum mid-span
moment. Since the loading is uniform and the resulting moment is symmetric:
2
1 L 
M A = MC = 1−  b 
4 L 

Member Bending Capacity for L b = 1.75 m:

M=
max =
M B 1.00
2 2
1 L  1  1.75 
MA =
MC =
1−  b  =
1−   =
0.995
4 L  4  12 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.995 )

Cb = 1.002

Lb < L p , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

=
M n =
M p 572.7 kN-m

φb M=
n 0.9 • 572.7

φb M n = 515.43 kN-m

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 5

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Member Bending Capacity for L b = 4 m:

M=
max =
M B 1.00
2 2
1 L  1 4 
MA =
MC =
1−  b  =
1−   = 0.972
4 L  4  12 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb =
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.972 )

Cb = 1.014

L p < Lb < Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

  Lb − L p 
M n = C b  M p − (M p − 0.7 Fy S 33 )  ≤Mp
  L − L 
 r p 
  4.00 − 1.80  
=M n 1.014 572.7 − ( 572.7 − 0.7 • 0.345 • 1457.3)  =   437.97 kN-m
  5.25 − 1.80  
φb M=
n 0.9 • 437.97
φb M n = 394.2 kN-m

Member Bending Capacity for L b = 12 m:

M=
max =
M B 1.00
2 2
1 L  1  12 
MA =
MC =
1−  b  =
1−   = 0.750 .
4 L  4  12 
12.5 (1.00 )
Cb = (1.00 )
2.5 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 ) + 4 (1.00 ) + 3 ( 0.750 )

Cb = 1.136
Lb > Lr , Lateral-Torsional buckling capacity is as follows:

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 6

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2
Cbπ 2 E Jc  Lb 
=Fcr 2
1 + 0.078  
 Lb  S33 ho  rts 
 
 rts 
1.136 • π 2 • 205, 000 51.6 • 1
2
 12000 
Fcr = 1 + 0.078   =
86.5 MPa
 12000 
2
1457.3 • 44.25  50.45 
 
 50.45 
M n = Fcr S 33 ≤ M p

Mn =
86.5 • 1457.3 =
126.056kN-m

φb M=
n 0.9 • 126.056

φb M n = 113.45 kN-m

KBC 2009 Example 001 - 7