Five (5) purpose of using one Four (4) characteristics of poor Z39.

50
standard in organizing information are
a.Network application
information in the library are:
a.Irrelevant: Information is of standard – it is open standard
a. Prevent duplication of work little value when it is too old or that enable communication
b. Allow library to better share out-of-date to be relevant to between systems that run on
bibliographic resources c. the user’s need different hardware and use
Enables library to acquire different software b.
b. Swamping: It is not helpful
cataloguing data that is Developed during 1980s and
when information is too
predictable and reliable d. early 1990s and part of a
voluminous to allow any sense
Enables library to make use of project by LC, OCLC, RLIN &
to be made of it. It is the
commercially available library Western Library Network c.
quality of information that is
automation system to manage Overcome problem associated
important, not the quantity!
library operations with:•multiple database
c. Unclear: Information is poor searching
e. Allows library to replace one
when it is not presented in a
system with another. •it simplifies search process by
way that will facilitate a
Examples of standard used in making it possible for searcher
decision d. Not all there: If
recording and description of to use familiar user interface
information is incomplete, it
information/ documents•ISBD of the local system to search
may fail to provide a clear
-International Standard both: i. Local library catalog
sense of the entirety of the
Bibliographic
problem ii. Any remote database
Description)•MARC -Machine
systems that support the
readable cataloguing
standard
record•Z39.50 - Network
application standard •Dublin Subject cataloging are some of
Core -DUBLIN METADATA the activities involved in
CORE ELEMENT SET)•TEI (Text bibliographic control. The most a) to ensure that we obtain the
Encoding Initiative) Header, common tools used in proper means to better
bibliographic control are files support our decision-making
or lists called bibliographic files process, particularly on high-
or, if automated, bibliographic valued matters; b) to equip us
Major bibliographic
databases. Individual units of with knowledge and
utilities:OCLC RLIN SILAS
such files or databases are subsequent understanding
AGRIS called over a particular matter; and

bibliographic records. c) to helps others via

exchanging it for them to gain
benefit from the sharing (SEEK
INFORMATION)

5 Characteristics of Classification determines a Index An index consists of

Information/:good info classification number for an short indention of information
item, which represents the with an adequate
1. Accuracy: Information needs
subject of the work in a bibliographical citation. Index
to be accurate enough for the
number and/or letters, using help to locate the required
use 2. Completeness:
any authoritative classification information. The index is only
Information should contain all
scheme such as Library of used for fact-finding. An index
the details required by the
Congress Classification, Dewey is usually indicative An Index is
user. 3.Timing: Information
Decimal Classification, not a real surrogate of the
must be on time for the Universal Decimal document. Abstract Whereas
purpose for which it is Classification and provide a abstract consists of concise
required. location for an item in a representation of an original
collection document with adequate
4. accessibility: Information
bibliographic details Abstract
should be easy to obtain or
helps to locate as well as select
access.5. Reliability: Reliability
Decision making:The right the required item. Abstract is
deals with the truth of
information.Available at the also used for searching
information or the objectivity
right time. Available to the document and at the same
with which it is presented.
right person.At the right cost. time, it also insists the user to
read the real document. On
Presented in the format to the other hand, abstract plays
ISBD- Standardization. facilitate decision a role as not only indicative
Identification of bibliographic but to informative. Whereas
data in any language. informative abstract can be
Manipulation of bibliographic claimed so.
data in computer application.

Problem of bibliographic Collections are usually SIX FUNCTIONS OF

control activities are maintained in a closed stacks BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL
area, only accessible to staff.
1. In the realm of current book (Ronald Hagler , 1997)
Items are usually numbered
and periodical publishing in
(accessioned) in matter that 1-Identifying the existence of
the United States, an adequate
makes them retrievable. all types of information
though not complete
resources as they are made
bibliographical record is being The vast majority of the
available
maintained.2. Devices for the collections of museums and
systematic acquisition of art galleries consist of visual A book may be published or a
published material, domestic materials in two- or three- Web site may be established, if
and foreign, are being dimensional form. Collections no one knows of its existence
developed by American are less standardized and as except the person involved in
libraries. result are less likely to be its creation, it will be of no
retrieved electronically as are informational use to anyone.
3. Great progress has been
library or archive Existence can be made known
made through the National
collections.Accession records by publisher's announcement,
Union Catalog, regional union
are created of items held email, reviews,
catalogs, and union lists in
within a collection. In some
providing access to library
cases, groups of singular
materials. Millions of titles,
objects are described as a 2-Identifying the works
however, are still unlocated.4.
single lot that is given a single contained within those
The thoroughness of
accession number.Curation of information resources or as
bibliographical control from a
individual objects, which may parts of them
subject, standpoint varies with
not happen for some time,
different fields, excellent in In majority of cases one
become departmental level
certain branches of science, information resource is equal
catalog records, having there
for example, and inferior in to one intellectual or creative
own numerical sequence.
other important disciplines, work. However, in some cases
such as the social sciences. In
general, subject bibliography is a single information source
in a less satisfactory state than may comprise a collection of
After receiving an accession
any other type of short stories or a group of
number, items are registered.
bibliographical service.5. The artistic images, etc...
Registration is a process much
problem of bibliographical
similar to library or archival
control is as ancient as the
cataloging.The register serves
beginning of writing. Catalogs 3-Systematically pulling
as a catalog, where it
of cuneiform tablets, for together these information
establishes the organizational
example, were found among resources into collections in
control over the works and
the ancient Babylonians, and libraries, archives, museums,
artifacts.Like archives,
lists of papyri among the Egyp- internet communication files,
provenance is important when
tians. and other such depositories
determining the name of an
object. Many institutions purchase the
right to allow the users of their
Archives usually consist of Creating records for museum
collections to search a
unique items.Archives are not objects and art has it own set
resource online. Part of the
as standardized as libraries of challenges. Because the
organizing process is
are. Recently, standardization objects are often imperfectly
determining whether such
has been sparked by increased known at the time of
resources need to be added to
interest in research involving accessioning and registering,
one's collection in some
documents and archival the chance that where will be
permanent way.
collections housed over the an accumulation of conflicting
world.Archives preserve over time is likely.
records of enduring value that
In addition, the lack of text 4-Producing lists of these
document organizational or
associated with works of art information resources
personal activities
and artifacts invites more prepared according to
accumulated in the course of
subjective observation by standard rules of citation
daily life and work.
those persons interpreting the
Organizational records consist Lists created in the process of
item or collection for public
of annual reports, describing information
record.
correspondences, personal resources include
records, etc. Personal records bibliographies, indexes, library
may consist of letters, diaries, catalogs, archival finding aids,
manuscripts, collections of “Under construction”. -->
museum databases, and web
memorabilia, souvenirs, Several different approaches
directories.
machinery, etc.Archive have been attempted at
materials are organized and organizing information on the
described in groups. Materials Internet.Libraries have
participated at organizing 5-Providing name, title,
are arranged by the basic subject, and other useful
principles of provenance and bibliographies. Libraries have
been at the forefront at access to these information
original order. resources
establishing metadata
standards.Virtual libraries (i.e. The activity that adds the most
NetLibrary.com, Questia.com., value to the usefulness and
Provenance is the originator
ReplicaBookss.com) that retrieval potential of a
(i.e. the corporate body or
borrow classification concepts collection is the provision of
individual) that created,
from physical libraries are name, title, and subject access
gathered, maintained the
developing.Search engines,
collection before it was sent to designed primarily by points to the descriptions of
the archival institution. There computer theorists, scientist, the information resources
is also an attempt to show the and programmers, are
ownership history of a retrieval tools on the WWW
particular item or collection. that matches keywords input 6-Providing the means of
Original order is the order in by a user to words found at locating each information
which the originator of an web sites.More effective resource or a copy of it
archival collection kept or search engines incorporate the
created the collection. Today theories and technologies that Location of information
in most archives the provides for : Boolean resources has been a value
collections are maintained searching, cluster querying, added by institutions with
according to provenance and information extraction, pre- collections
the archives themselves coordination of terms, post
maintains the original order. coordination of terms,
relevance search results. Facilitating access to
Archival collections are documents or materials.
generally located in closed Human indexers are also used Guidance in searching
stacks areas, where the staff (Yahoo). Websites are information. Vital element for
has the greatest amount of classified into broad and effective reference &
access. narrow subject areas. information services.
Archive materials are Recording and expanding
electronically formatted using knowledge. Stimulating R & D
Office environments rely on
in MARCAMC (Archival and Avoiding duplication in R & D.
the applied concepts related
Manuscript Collections) Encouraging cooperation,
to data administration, the
format. In addition, SGML exchange and sharing of
control of the explosion of
(Standard Generalized Markup information between
electronic information in
Language), the international institutions and nations
offices and other
standard for document (purpose BIB control)
administrative settings.An
markup that allows for finding
arrangement structure that is
aids to be accessible via Web
historically related to the filing
procedures related to
organizations and
corporations.

Each bibliography has a Early 1970s UNESCO mooted Bib utilities service
particular focus of the idea of establish a regional
1.Shared cataloguing-Ease
arrangement such as: Subject information systems. Fostered
cataloguing process
– bibliographies gathering the idea that the National
together publications or Library and the libraries of Standardized cataloguing
information packages that are UM, UKM, USM, UPM & UTM description & facilitate
about particular subject. to consider linkages exchanging of records. 2.
Author – bibliographies of all themselves. UNESCO donated Online union catalog
or some works of a particular to Malaysia a complete set of
author. Language – the hardware needed for the - Ease the process of retrieving
bibliographies 4. Time period – proposed pilot project. The cataloguing records.
bibliographies listing all works coordinator for the MALMARC 3. Acquisition works.Help Info.
that came to light in a project was USM library – it Professionals in acquiring
particular time period. Locale – have the most powerful materials for collection
bibliographies listing all computer among the development
information packages created universities involved
Ease selection – what is, what
in a particular location.
Introduces in 1978 due to was available
Publishers – bibliographies
PNM computerization process
listing all products of a 4. Online information
of its collection.The system
particular publisher. Form – searching. Facilitate access to
was shared cataloguing system
bibliographies listing current & timely
among university libraries and
information packages that information.5. Reference
National Library of Malaysia
appear in a certain form, service
format or genre
(videocassette, electronic - Help Info. Professionals in
resources, poetry, providing an effective
bibliographies etc.)of textual reference services.
entities in which the text is in a
certain language

MARC Machine Readable File description is required and

Cataloging Record= contains a bibliographic
communications format is description of the text – it
used for transmitting data includes the title, author(s);
from one system to another. publication information and
Information from a catalog the source of description
card cannot be typed into a which is the description of the
computer to produce original source from which the
automated catalog. Adopted electronic text was derived.
MARC standards and making The encoding description
LC MARC database a practical explain what rules or editorial
& useful product. Benefits: decisions were used in
transcribing the text (eg: How
Furthering access to the
spelling variations were
world’s information. Reducing
treated). The profile
information costs. Helps
description contains what
libraries / information centre
AACR2r calls added access
locate, acquire, access
points. It also contains
information
language information, subject
access points and classification
notation. The revision
description contains a record
of every charge that has been
made to the, including when
each change was made and by
whom (TEXT ENCODING
INITIATIVE)
Briefly describe five (5) purpose of using one standard in organizing information in the
library
Five (5) purpose of using one standard in organizing information in the library are:
a. Prevent duplication of work
b. Allow library to better share bibliographic resources
c. Enables library to acquire cataloguing data that is predictable and reliable
d. Enables library to make use of commercially available library automation system to
manage library operations
e. Allows library to replace one system with another
Examples of standard used in recording and description of information/documents
• ISBD -International Standard Bibliographic Description)
• MARC -Machine readable cataloguing record
• Z39.50 - Network application standard
• Dublin Core -DUBLIN METADATA CORE ELEMENT SET)
• TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) Header, etc.

Identify four (4) characteristics of poor information

Four (4) characteristics of poor information are
a. Irrelevant: Information is of little value when it is too old or out-of-date to be relevant
to the user’s need
b. Swamping: It is not helpful when information is too voluminous to allow any sense to
be made of it. It is the quality of information that is important, not the quantity!
c. Unclear: Information is poor when it is not presented in a way that will facilitate a
decision
d. Not all there: If information is incomplete, it may fail to provide a clear sense of the
entirety of the problem

Subject cataloguing
Subject cataloging are some of the activities involved in bibliographic control. The most
common tools used in bibliographic control are files or lists called bibliographic files or, if
automated, bibliographic databases. Individual units of such files or databases are called
bibliographic records.

Z39.50

a.Network application standard – it is open standard that enable communication

between systems that run on different hardware and use different software
b. Developed during 1980s and early 1990s and part of a project by LC, OCLC, RLIN &
Western Library Network
c. Overcome problem associated with:
• multiple database searching
• it simplifies search process by making it possible for searcher to use familiar
user interface of the local system to search both:
i. Local library catalog
ii. Any remote database systems that support the standard
Briefly describe five (5) purpose of using one standard in organizing information in the
library
a. Prevent duplication of work
b. Allow library to better share bibliographic resources
c. Enables library to acquire cataloguing data that is predictable and reliable
d. Enables library to make use of commercially available library automation system to
manage library operations
e. Allows library to replace one system with another
Examples of standard used in recording and description of information/documents
• ISBD -International Standard Bibliographic Description)
• MARC -Machine readable cataloguing record
• Z39.50 - Network application standard
• Dublin Core -DUBLIN METADATA CORE ELEMENT SET)
• TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) Header, etc.

Universal Bibliographic Control Promoted by IFLA in early 1970s (true)

GILS is a standard used for government and personal information packages

Not sure for personel or not

Bibliographic Control is a Recording and expanding knowledge. (true)

True
False

[True/False]

Information is result of analysis, synthesis evaluation based on available data

 True
False

[True/False]

Relevant :Information must be available when needed, within the time frame desired by the
user

True
False

[Essay]

Identify four (4) characteristics of poor information

[Essay]

Define the Following terms:

a) Subject cataloging
[True/False]

MARC is used for emerging data from the database to the OPAC

True
False

[Essay]

b) Z39.50

•
•

[True/False]
Information package is an instance of recorded information (e.g. Author/Creator, Publisher,
Other contributor, Right elements etc.

True
False

[True/False]

TEI Header has 4 sections:

- File description

- Encoding description

- Profile description

- Revision description

True
False

[Essay]

Listed below is the bibliographic information of a book. Rewrite the information using
ISBD format. Retain the punctuation supplied

Description xxviii,241 p.; 23 cm.

Call Number PE1408T696 2005

Second Author , Norman E. Wallen

Third Author , Helen H. Hyun

Subject Heading 1. Children's libraries- United States

Title Fundamental of children's services

Other Title Info. : concepts

First Author / Micheal Sullivan

ISBN ISBN 125-23-5589-7

Place of Publication .- Chicago

Publisher : American Library Association

Year , 2005.

[Essay]

c) Finding aid

[True/False]

MARC is used for emerging data from the database to the OPAC
 True
False

[True/False]

Finding aids may also be called an inventory.

True
False

[True/False]

Each bibliography has a particular focus of arrangement such as

- APA (American Psychological Association)

-Chicago Manual Style

-MLA (Modern Language Association)

-Science (Scientific Style and Format)

-Turabian Style Manual (US Government Style Manual)

True
False

[Essay]

List five (5) basic retrieval tools