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Lesson 1 Introduction To Pin Yin

This lesson introduces pinyin, the romanization system for Standard Chinese. It covers the consonants and vowels of pinyin, the four tones indicated by diacritical marks, and rules for applying tone marks. Example words and phrases demonstrate how tones change meaning. Learners practice reading syllables aloud to reinforce pronunciation of pinyin with tones.

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318 views7 pages

Lesson 1 Introduction To Pin Yin

This lesson introduces pinyin, the romanization system for Standard Chinese. It covers the consonants and vowels of pinyin, the four tones indicated by diacritical marks, and rules for applying tone marks. Example words and phrases demonstrate how tones change meaning. Learners practice reading syllables aloud to reinforce pronunciation of pinyin with tones.

Uploaded by

Jon P Co
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1- Introduction to Pinyin ( vowels and consonants)

Objectives:

This lesson intends to introduce learners the importance of Pin-Yin and its corresponding vowels with integration of the four standard tones in correct
pronunciations. At the end of this lesson, student will be able to say both consonants and vowels of Pinyin with its corresponding tones.

Pinyin

Consonants: B P M F DTN L GKH JQX ZH CH SH R Z C S

Vowels: a o e i u ǚ ai ei ao ou an en ang eng ong

ia ie iao iu ian in iang ing iong ǚe ǚan ǚn

er ua uo uai ui (uei) uan un(uen) uang

Tones and Markings for Tones

In Chinese it is always very important to pronounce words with correct tone. In transliterated Chinese, tone markings are written over the central vowels in most
syllables. Some syllables have no specific tone, and then no sign is put above any vowel. In Mandarin Chinese there are four tones:

 The 1:st tone is marked with a line (a) + (-) = (ā). This is a high, even and constant tone. the voice is pitched quite high,High and level
 The 2:nd tone is marked with a rising line (a) +( / ) = (á). This is a rising tone that rises rather like asking a question,rises to the top;
 The 3:rd tone is marked with a hook (a)+ ( V )= (ă). This tone is first falling and fading, then rising and growing strong.
 The 4:th tone is marked with a falling line (a) +( \ ) = (à). This is a quickly falling and fading tone. The voice starts at the top, then falls away.
In unstressed syllables the tone may be hardly noticeable. In such cases, no marking is put above any vowel. You may regard this as "tone zero". The tone will
usually end up more or less where the previous syllable ended.

Rules of Tone Marks

As a general rule, you should always put tone marks over finals such as “ a, o, e, i, u, ü”; not over initials.

1. The tone mark is placed over the vowel if there is only one vowel letter.
Example: tù, là, dè

2. If there is more than one vowel, but If there is an ”a”, the tone will be always put over “a”. When a syllable contains two or more vowels, the tone mark is usually
placed above vowels in the order of a，o，e，i，u，
Example: hǎo，xiè，ɡuān, kǎi, chuán, zhuāng

3. If there is no “a”, he tone will be put over “o” or “e”. The tone will be put over the second vowel in other cases.
Example: qióng, hēi, Qiú, tuī
4. When a tone mark is placed above the vowel “i” the dot over it should be omitted.
Example: nín，jìn, shī, yí, bín, guī

5. When “iu” or “ui” comes, the tone mark should be placed above , whichever is at the last.
Example: liú，ɡuǐ

6. When vowel ü is partnered with j, q, x, y, the two dots over it should be omitted. And the tonal mark should be placed above.
Example: jù, xú qū, yǔ

7. When vowel ü is partnered with n and l, the two dots over it should be retained. And the tonal mark should be placed above.
Example : nǚ , lǜ

Sequences of Tones

When we pronounce a sequence of tones, the tones will not always remain the same. The most common ones are as the following:

 The Chinese character, “一”, " yī " (English translation: one) is usually pronounced as 1st tone. However it will be pronounced with 2nd tone when directly
preceding a 4th tone. Example: “一个” is pronounced as " yí gè ". It will be pronounced with 4th tone when directly preceding a 2nd tone or 3rd tone.
Example: “一本” is pronounced as " yì běn ".
 The Chinese character, “不” " bù " (English translation: not) is usually pronounced as 4th tone. However it will be pronounced with 2nd tone when directly
preceding a 4th tone.
Example: "不是" (English translation: is not) is pronounced as " bú shì ".
 When a syllable that is usually pronounced with 3rd tone, will turn into 2nd tone when directly preceding another 3rd tone. This rule will apply for entire
sequences of words!
Example: “两”( liǎng ), "两本书" (English translation: two books) is pronounced as "liáng běn shū ".

Understand Chinese tones, know the four tones, the four Mandarin tones are used for clarifying the meaning of words. They are indicated in Pinyin with either
numbers or tone marks: If you use the wrong tones, your listeners may not be able to understand you.
[repeat three times, 4 tones]
āáǎà
ōóǒò
ēéěè
īíǐì
ūúǔù
ǖǘǚǜ
Below is an example of how the tones change the meaning:

Here is the Mandarin version of “hello” written with tones marks: nǐ hǎo .
Pin Yin Table

a a ba pa ma fa da ta na la ga ka ha zha cha sha za ca sa


ai ai bai pai mai dai tai nai lai gai kai hai zhai chaishai zai cai sai
an an ban pan man fan dan tan nan lan gan kan han zhan chanshan ran zan can san
ang ang bang pang mang fang dang tang nang lang gang kang hang zhang chang
shang rang zang cang sang
ao ao bao pao mao dao tao nao lao gao kao hao zhao chaoshao rao zao cao sao
e e me de te ne le ge ke he zhe che she re ze ce se
F
i ei ei bei pei mei fei dei nei lei gei hei shei zei
n en en ben pen men fen den nen gen ken hen zhen chen shen ren zen cen sen
a eng beng peng meng feng deng teng neng leng geng keng heng zheng cheng sheng reng zeng ceng seng
l er er
s i yi bi pi mi di ti ni li ji qi xi zhi chi shi ri zi ci si
ia ya dia lia jia qia xia
V
o ian yan bian pian mian dian tian nian lian jian qian xian
w iang yang niang liang jiang qiang xiang
e iao yao biao piao miao diao tiao niao liao jiao qiao xiao
l ie ye bie pie mie die tie nie lie jie qie xie
s in yin bin pin min nin lin jin qin xin
ing ying bing ping ming ding ting ning ling jing qing xing
io yo
iong yong jiong qiong xiong
iu you miu diu niu liu jiu qiu xiu
o o bo po mo fo lo
ong wong dong tong nong long gong kong hong zhong chong rong zong cong song
ou ou pou mou fou dou tou nou lou gou kou hou zhou chou shou rou zou cou sou
u wu bu pu mu fu du tu nu lu gu ku hu zhu chu shu ru zu cu su
ua wa gua kua hua zhua shua
uai wai guai kuai huai chuai shuai
uan wan duan tuan nuan luan guan kuan huan zhuan chuan shuan ruan zuan cuan suan
uang wang guang kuang huang zhuang chuang shuang
ue yue nüe lüe jue que xue
ui wei dui tui gui kui hui zhui chui shui rui zui cui sui
un wen dun tun lun gun kun hun zhun chun shun run zun cun sun
uo wo duo tuo nuo luo guo kuo huo zhuo chuo shuo ruo zuo cuo suo
ü yu nü lü ju qu xu
üan yuan juan quan xuan
ün yun jun qun xun
Activity Drill

Write down the initial consonants you hear with the vowels provided, with its corresponding tones. Read the syllables aloud.

1. _______ ai 2. _______uai 3. _______iao 4. ______i 5. _______an 6. _______uo 7.________u 8. _______iao

9. ________ue 10. _______ia 11. _______ao 12. _______un 13._______ai 14. _____ui 15. _______ o 16. ______e

17. ______uo 18. ______uan 19. ______ing 20. ______ei

Write down the initial vowels you hear with the vowels provided, with its corresponding tones. Read the syllables aloud.

1. f ____ 2. P _____ 3. M ______ 4. B_____ 5. T _______ 6. L ______ 7. D ______ 8. D ______ 9. H______ 10. K _________

11. g _____ 12. X______ 13. Q ______ 14. J_______ 15. r______ 16. Sh _____ 17. Zh______ 18. R _____ 19 w ______ 20. z______

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