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    Super-potent human antibodies protect against COVID-19 in animal tests... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200615140840.

    htm

    Your source for the latest research news

    Super-potent human antibodies protect against COVID-19 in


    animal tests
    Scientists isolate powerful coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients
    and successfully test in animals

    Date: June 15, 2020

    Source: Scripps Research Institute

    Summary: Researchers have discovered antibodies in the blood of recovered COVID-19 patients that provide
    powerful protection against SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes the disease, when tested in
    animals and human cell cultures.

    FULL STORY

    Coronavirus illustration (stock image).

    Credit: © Mauro Rodrigues / stock.adobe.com

    A team led by Scripps Research has discovered antibodies in the blood of recovered
    COVID-19 patients that provide powerful protection against SARS-CoV-2, the
    coronavirus that causes the disease, when tested in animals and human cell cultures.

    The research, published today in Science, offers a paradigm of swift reaction to an emergent and deadly viral
    pandemic, and sets the stage for clinical trials and additional tests of the antibodies, which are now being
    produced as potential treatments and preventives for COVID-19.

    "The discovery of these very potent antibodies represents an extremely rapid response to a totally new
    pathogen," says study co-senior author Dennis Burton, PhD, the James and Jessie Minor Chair in Immunology in
    the Department of Immunology & Microbiology at Scripps Research.

    In principle, injections of such antibodies could be given to patients in the early stage of COVID-19 to reduce the
    level of virus and protect against severe disease. The antibodies also may be used to provide temporary, vaccine-
    like protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection for healthcare workers, elderly people and others who respond
    poorly to traditional vaccines or are suspected of a recent exposure to the coronavirus.

    1/4 23.6.2020 klo 10.16


    Super-potent human antibodies protect against COVID-19 in animal tests... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200615140840.htm

    The project was led by groups at Scripps Research; IAVI, a nonprofit scientific research organization dedicated to
    addressing urgent, unmet global health challenges; and University of California San Diego School of Medicine.

    "It has been a tremendous collaborative effort, and we're now focused on making large quantities of these
    promising antibodies for clinical trials," says co-lead author Thomas Rogers, MD, PhD, an adjunct assistant
    professor in the Department of Immunology & Microbiology at Scripps Research, and assistant professor of
    Medicine at UC San Diego.

    An approach that's worked for other deadly viruses

    Developing a treatment or vaccine for severe COVID-19 is currently the world's top public health priority. Globally,
    almost 8 million people have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and more than 400,000 have died of
    severe COVID-19. The daily toll of new infections is still rising.

    One approach to new viral threats is to identify, in the blood of recovering patients, antibodies that neutralize the
    virus's ability to infect cells.

    These antibodies can then be mass-produced, using biotech methods, as a treatment that blocks severe disease
    and as a vaccine-like preventive that circulates in the blood for several weeks to protect against infection. This
    approach already has been demonstrated successfully against Ebola virus and the pneumonia-causing
    respiratory syncytial virus, commonly known as RSV.

    Potent patient antibodies block the virus

    For the new project, Rogers and his UC San Diego colleagues took blood samples from patients who had
    recovered from mild-to-severe COVID-19. In parallel, scientists at Scripps Research and IAVI developed test cells
    that express ACE2, the receptor that SARS-CoV-2 uses to get into human cells. In a set of initial experiments, the
    team tested whether antibody-containing blood from the patients could bind to the virus and strongly block it from
    infecting the test cells.

    The scientists were able to isolate more than 1,000 distinct antibody-producing immune cells, called B cells, each
    of which produced a distinct anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody. The team obtained the antibody gene sequences from
    these B cells so that they could produce the antibodies in the laboratory. By screening these antibodies
    individually, the team identified several that, even in tiny quantities, could block the virus in test cells, and one that
    could also protect hamsters against heavy viral exposure.

    All of this work -- including the development of the cell and animal infection models, and studies to discover
    where the antibodies of interest bind the virus -- was completed in less than seven weeks.

    "We leveraged our institution's decades of expertise in antibody isolation and quickly pivoted our focus to SARS-
    CoV-2 to identify these highly potent antibodies," says study co-author Elise Landais, PhD, an IAVI principal
    scientist.

    If further safety tests in animals and clinical trials in people go well, then conceivably the antibodies could be used
    in clinical settings as early as next January, the researchers say.

    "We intend to make them available to those who need them most, including people in low- and middle-income
    countries," Landais says.

    In the course of their attempts to isolate anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from the COVID-19 patients, the
    researchers found one that can also neutralize SARS-CoV, the related coronavirus that caused the 2002-2004
    outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Asia.

    "That discovery gives us hope that we will eventually find broadly neutralizing antibodies that provide at least
    partial protection against all or most SARS coronaviruses, which should be useful if another one jumps to

    2/4 23.6.2020 klo 10.16


    Super-potent human antibodies protect against COVID-19 in animal tests... https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200615140840.htm

    humans," Burton says.

    "Rapid isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection in a small animal model" was co-
    authored by 30 scientists including lead authors Thomas Rogers, Fangzhu Zhao, Deli Huang, and Nathan
    Beutler, all of Scripps Research. The corresponding authors were Devin Sok and Joseph Jardine of IAVI, and
    Dennis Burton of Scripps Research.

    Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health (UM1 AI44462), the IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center,
    the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP 1170236, OPP 1206647, OPP1196345/ INV-008813), the John and
    Mary Tu Foundation, and the Pendleton Foundation.

    Story Source:

    Materials provided by Scripps Research Institute. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

    Journal Reference:

    1. Thomas F. Rogers, Fangzhu Zhao, Deli Huang, Nathan Beutler, Alison Burns, Wan-Ting He, Oliver Limbo,
    Chloe Smith, Ge Song, Jordan Woehl, Linlin Yang, Robert K. Abbott, Sean Callaghan, Elijah Garcia,
    Jonathan Hurtado, Mara Parren, Linghang Peng, Sydney Ramirez, James Ricketts, Michael J. Ricciardi,
    Stephen A. Rawlings, Nicholas C. Wu, Meng Yuan, Davey M. Smith, David Nemazee, John R. Teijaro, James
    E. Voss, Ian A. Wilson, Raiees Andrabi, Bryan Briney, Elise Landais, Devin Sok, Joseph G. Jardine, Dennis
    R. Burton. Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a
    small animal model. Science, June 15, 2020; DOI: 10.1126/science.abc7520

    Cite This Page:


    MLA APA Chicago

    Scripps Research Institute. "Super-potent human antibodies protect against COVID-19 in animal tests: Scientists
    isolate powerful coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients and successfully test in animals."
    ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 15 June 2020. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200615140840.htm>.

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