UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

SURRENDER AND RE-ALIENATION

FOR SUBDIVISION ON LOT 13506
(PT 1416) AND LOT 13512 (PT1417),
SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN.

NURZAITIE AFLAH BINTI

ABDULLAH

Diploma

June 2018
 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

SURRENDER AND RE-ALIENATION

FOR SUBDIVISION ON LOT 13506
(PT 1416) AND LOT 13512 (PT1417),
SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN.

NURZAITIE AFLAH BINTI ABDULLAH

Industrial training report submitted in

fulfillment of the requirement for
Diploma in Science Geomatic
(AP120)

Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying

June 2018
 CONFIRMATION BY PANEL OF EXAMINERS

I certify that a Panel of Examiners has met on 3 July 2018 to conduct the final
examination of Nurzaitie Aflah Binti Abdullah in her Industrial Training Report entitled
“Surrender and Re-Alienation for Subdivision on Lot 13506 (PT 1416) and Lot 13512
(PT1417), Mukim of Bukit Raja, District of Petaling, Selangor Darul Ehsan” in
accordance with Universiti Teknologi MARA Act 1976 (Akta 173). The Panel of
Examiner recommends that the student be awarded the relevant diploma. The Panel of
Examiners was as follows:

Siti Aminah Binti Anshah

Lecturer
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(Internal Examiner)

Sr Mohd Adhar Bin Abd Samad

Lecturer
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(Internal Examiner)

Ikhwan Bin Mohamad

Lecturer
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Universiti Teknologi MARA
(Internal Examiner)

SITI MARYAM BINTI ABDUL WAHAB

Head,
Centre of Studies for Surveying Sciences
and Geomatics
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch
Date: 3 JULY 2018

ii
 AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I declare that the work in this Industrial Training Report was carried out in accordance
with the regulations of Universiti Teknologi MARA. It is original and is the results of
my own work, unless otherwise indicated or acknowledged as referenced work. This
thesis has not been submitted to any other academic institution or non-academic
institution for any diploma or qualification.

I, hereby, acknowledge that I have been supplied with the Academic Rules and
Regulations for Post Graduate, Universiti Teknologi MARA, regulating the conduct of
my study and research

Name of Student : Nurzaitie Aflah Binti Abdullah

Student I.D. No. : 20158258612
Programme : Diploma in Geomatic Science – AP120
Faculty : Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
Title : Surrender and Re-Alienation for Subdivision on
Lot 13506 (PT 1416) and Lot 13512 (PT1417),
Mukim of Bukit Raja, District of Petaling,
Selangor Darul Ehsan

Signature of student : …………………………………………...

Date : June 2018

iii
 SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION

“I hereby declare that I have read this industrial training report and in my opinion this
report is sufficient in terms of scope and quality for the award of the Diploma in
Geomatic Science

Signature : ……………………………………
Name of Supervisor : Mohamad Azril Bin Che Azril
Date : June 2018

iv
 ABSTRACT

In cadastral survey, there are a few survey that relate to this work which are include
subdivision, surrender and re-alienation, amalgamation, partition and other cases.
Regarding the issue of this project is the client want to do Surrender and Re-Alienation
for Subdivision on Lot 13506 (PT 1416) and Lot 13512 (PT1417), Mukim of Bukit Raja,
District of Petaling, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Solar observation has been made as a datum
for this project. However, the aim of this project is to subdivide 2 pieces of land into 8
portion and prepare the road reserve in the lot. Then produce the final plan of each lot.

v
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my very great appreciation to Encik Mohamad Azril Bin Che
Aziz, the main supervisor for cadastral survey. For their patient guidance, enthusiastic
encouragement and constructive suggestions during planning and development of this
project. He also giving a lot of idea for me to generate creative ideas then build and
motivate for me to be more encourage. Also not forget to give me moral support to
complete the entire report within the time given.

Special thanks to Encik Abdul Muiz Bin Yazid as my supervisor at Jurukur Zenith
because always share and give any his own experience and knowledge for me. Without
his commitment to give some advice and supportive, I would not finished and less
confident to handle this project.

Lastly, huge appreciation to my beloved parents Abdullah Zakaria and Mahani Japar
who always give me very valuable advice for to make sure not to give up and by my
side. Thanks to all my friend for sharing and giving me their information and own
experience. Last but not least, I would like to thank the millions of thanks to god for
giving me chance to complete this project without any doubt.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGE
DECLARATION OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT i
CONFIRMATION BY PANEL OF EXAMINERS ii
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION iii
SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION iv
ABSTRACT v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
TABLE OF CONTENT vii
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF FIGURES xi
LIST OF A:BBREVIATIONS xii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Company Profile 1
1.1.1 Office Location And Contact 2
1.1.2 Organizational chart 3
1.1.3 Technical And Administrative Staff 4
1.1.4 List of Equipment Owner 5
1.2 Executive Summary 8
1.2.1 Name of Project 8
1.2.2 Site Location 9
1.2.3 Aim & Objective 10
1.2.4 Scope of Work 11
1.2.5 Quotation 12

CHAPTER TWO: THEORY 13

2.1 Definition 13
2.1.1 Demarcation 13
2.1.2 Reconnaissance 14

vii
2.2 Types of Control 15
2.2.1 Horizontal Control 15
2.2.1.1 Datum 15
2.2.1.2 Types of Traversing 17
2.3 Method of Adjustments 18
2.3.1 ‘C’ Correction 18
2.3.2 ‘M’ Correction 19
2.4 Calculation volume 20
2.5 Refixation 21
2.5.1 Baseline 21
2.5.2 Thirdmark 22
2.5.3 Refixation 23
2.6 Boundary Mark 24
2.6.1 Types of Boundary Mark 24
2.6.2 Distance Between Boundary Mark 24
2.6.3 Symbols Used in Cadastral Survey 25
2.7 Plan Processing 26
2.7.1 Preparing The Certified Plan 26

CHAPTER THREE: PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT 28

3.1 Personnel 28
3.2 Equipment 29
3.3 Level of Involvement 30

CHAPTER FOUR: PROCEDURE OF WORK 32

4.1 Planning 32
4.2 Preparation of Document 33
4.2.1 Documentation 34
4.3 Fieldwork 36
4.3.1 Instrument Calibration 36
4.3.2 Horizontal Calibration 38
4.3.3 Adjustment 40
4.3.4 Refixation 41

viii
4.4 Data Processing 44
4.5 Final Product 45

CHAPTER FIVE: RESULT AND ANALYSIS 46

5.1 Instrument Calibration 46
5.2 Horizontal Control 48
5.2.1 Solar Observation 48
5.2.2 Datum 49
5.2.3 Traversing 52
5.3 Adjustment 57
5.4 Refixation 60
5.5 Area Comparison 69
5.6 Final Product 70

CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION 72

6.1 Comment 72
6.2 Suggestion 72
6.3 Conclusion 73

REFERENCE 74
APPENDIX 75

ix
 LIST OF TABLES

Tables Title Pages

Table 1.1 List of Equipment Owner 5
Table 1.2 Quotation for the Survey 11
Table 2.1 Datum Determination 16
Table 2.2 Formula of C Correction 18
Table 2.3 Formula of M Correction 19
Table 2.4 Formula of the Baseline 21
Table 2.5 Symbol Used In Cadastral Survey 25
Table 3.1 Equipment Used In the Project 29
Table 4.1 Booking of DFT from the Project 37
Table 5.1 Information of Instrument Calibration 45
Table 5.2 Booking of the Traverse 50
Table 5.3 Calculation Volume of the Traverse 56

x
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figures Title Pages

Figure 1.1 Logo of the Company (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 1
Figure 1.2 Office Location of Jurukur Zenith (Google Map, 2018) 2
Figure 1.3 The Organization Chart Of The Company (Jurukur Zenith, 3
2018)
Figure 1.4 Site Location (Google Earth Pro, 2018) 9
Figure 2.1 Demarcation of Boundary (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 13
Figure 2.2 Reconnaissance of the Site (Kayangan Height, 2017) 14
Figure 2.3 Example of Bowditch of the Project (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 20
Figure 2.4 Certified Plan (Geopartal Jupem, 2018) 27
Figure 3.1 Level of Involvement by Pie Chart (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 31
Figure 4.1 Flow Chart of Planning (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 32
Figure 4.2 Layout Plan of the Lot (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 34
Figure 4.3 Pre-Computation Plan for Subdivision (AutoCAD 2007, 35
2018)
Figure 4.4 Differential Field Test of the Project (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 37
Figure 4.5 Traverse Network of the Lot (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 39
Figure 4.6 Flow Chart of Refixation (Cadastral Survey, 2018) 41
Figure 4.7 Diagram of Baseline and Thirdmark with Connection from 42
Traverse
Figure 4.8 Enlargement Diagram of Baseline and Thirdmark (AutoCAD 43
2007, 2018)
Figure 4.9 Procedure of Data Processing (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 44
Figure 4.10 Final Product (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 45
Figure 5.1 Result of Solar Observation (Jurukur Zenith, 2018) 47
Figure 5.2 Solar Observation with Traverse Connection 48
Figure 5.3 Diagram of Datum Proved (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 50
Figure 5.4 Diagram of the Interior Angle 61
Figure 5.5 Certified Plan (AutoCAD 2007, 2018) 70

xi
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation
PT Pejabat Tanah
PU Permohonan Ukur
CP Certified Plan
RS Requisition Survey
PTD Pejabat Tanah Daerah
PKUP Pekeliling Ketua Pengarah Ukur & Pemetaan
NDCDB National Digital Cadastral Database
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
BKL Batu Konkrit Lama
CRM Cadastral Reference Mark
DSMM Director Survey and Mapping Malaysia
CV Calculation Volume
JUPEM Jabatan Ukur Pemetaaan Malaysia
PA Pelan akui
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
LLS Licensed Land Surveyor
LO Land Office
EDM Electronic Distance Measurement
GDM Geocentric Datum of Malaysia

xii
 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, there are a few explanation about the historical of the company, the
management, scope of work and organization structure of the company.

1.1 Company Profile

Jurukur Zenith is a licensed land surveying that registered under Land Surveyors
Board of Peninsular Malaysia and the only one company who conduct the land survey
services in Kota Kemuning, Shah Alam since 2011 until now. The company was
managed by Chinese surveyor Mr Heng Wei Kaiy Licenced Land Surveyor that
registered under act 458 (revised 1991).
Because of the establishment of the company has been long, their
professionalism in do the survey has been trusted. Its provide and carry out all the survey
work such as Consultant in Land and Property Development, Survey Services in Strata
Titles, Cadastral, Engineering, Topographical and GPS surveying and figure 1.1 below
show the logo of Jurukur Zenith’s Company.

Figure 1.1 Logo of the Company (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

1
1.1.1 Office Location And Contact

There are a few information about location and contact of the company as a
guideline for client to find the office. Figure 1.2 below show the office location for
Jurukur Zenith.

Owner’s Name : Sr. Heng Wei Kaiy

Address : No. 34-2, Jalan Anggerik Vanilla R31/R,
Kota Kemuning, Selangor, 40460 Shah Alam
Telephone/Faks : 03-51224388
Email : [email protected]

Figure 1.2 Office Location of Jurukur Zenith (Google Map, 2018)

2
 1.1.2 Organizational chart

This is the organization chart of Jurukur Zenith that handle and manage the job
and work of the survey. There are 14 workers including the owner of the company and
management team. 1.3 below show the organization chat of Jurukur Zenith Company.

PROJECT MANAGER
Sr HENG WEI KAIY

ASSISTANT PROJECT MANGER

ABDUL MUIZ BIN YAZID

ADMINISTRATIVE/ FIELDWORK TEAM DRAFTER TEAM

ACCOUNTANT NUR FHARADILA
OOI SOCK THENG SURVEYOR SEAH NG
NUR HAFIZAH BT ROSLAN CHOO FENG HUI NUR HAZWANI
NG YOON FAI
FOO CHEE YONG
PRACTICAL STUDENT
NURZAITIE AFLAH ABDULLAH
CHAINMAN
SITI NUR FATIHAH ABDUL
RASYID AHMAD HALIM
MUSTAPAR
AWANG SULONG
CHE NGAH

Figure 1.3 The Organization Chart Of The Company (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

3
1.1.3 Technical And Administrative Staff

Administrative staff is the person that handles work that related to

administration with office such as enquiry of survey work by client. Jurukur Zenith
hired the same person not only for administrative but also responsible in managing the
financial of the company. Technical is the person in charge of maintaining the condition
of the company and its component.

 Technical staff

- Choo Feng Hui

- Ng Yoon Fai
- Foo Cheng Yong
- Rasyid Ahmad
- Mustapar
- Awang Sulong
- Che Ngah

 Administrative staff

- Ooi sock theng

- Nur hafizah binti roslan

4
1.1.4 List of Equipment Owner

There are a few equipment that the company provide in order to carry out the
survey work required. Table 1.0 below show the list of equipment that belongs to the
company to use in the survey work.

Table 1.1
List of Equipment Owner
Instruments Quantity

 1x Total Station

(Topcon)

 2x Tripod

 3xPrism

5
  1x Mini Pole

 Mini Prism

 1x GPS Handheld

(Garmin)

 1x Sunglass Solar

6
  1x A3 plotter

( brother MFC)

 1x A2 plotter

 1x A1 Plotter

 1x Distometer

7
1.2 Executive Summary

The "Surrender and Re-Alienation for Subdivision on Lot 13506 (PT 1416) and
Lot 13512 (PT1417), Mukim of Bukit Raja, District of Petaling, Selangor Darul Ehsan"
project was accepted n surveyed by Jurukur Zenith. The PU was requested by client
which owner of the land. The project consist of 2 lot that need to be amalgamated into
1 single lot before it can be subdivide into 8 different lot. The lot should be surrender
to PT and re-alienated before it can proceed to next step which is subdivision. The area
of the alienated lot should be less than specified in the title as PT need to prepare some
road reserve.
The project was requested by the client in early year 2017 but Jurukur Zenith
was just recently conduct the project due to late approval by PT. I joined this project
halfway through since it started before my internship. Thanks to the surveyor guidance,
I get to understand the work flow from the beginning, covered what I was missing in
the early half, and stick till the completion of the project.
The cost of this project was estimated to be around RM 7000. The survey
quotation can be referred to the table 1.2. The project was handled and monitored by
Abdul Muiz Bin Yazid who is the project manager for Jurukur Zenith while the surveyor
in charge are Foo Chee Yong and Ng Yoon Fai.

1.2.1 Name of Project

Surrender and Re-Alienation for Subdivision on Lot 13506 (PT 1416) and Lot
13512 (PT1417), Mukim of Bukit Raja, District of Petaling, Selangor Darul Ehsan.

8
1.2.2 Site Location

The project was located at lot 13506 and lot 13512 Kayangan Height, Shah
Alam, Selangor by referring the coordinate of WGS 84. Figure 1.4 below show the
image of site location with the red line on the lot.

Y
LOT 31506

LOT 31512

Figure 1.4 Site Location (Google Earth Pro, 2018)

9
1.2.3 Aim & Objective

Every project must have their own aim and objective to make sure the job will
be completed within the prescribed time.

 Aim

- The aim of this project is to surrender and re-alienation lot 13506 and lot 13512
before proceed to subdivision into 8 different portion of lot with new CP for
each lot

 Objective

There are 3 objective regarding this project consists of:-

- To be able to amalgamate 2 lot into 1 lot for subdivision under surrender and
re-alienation
- To be able to subdivide into 8 portions with difference certified plan as client
requested.
- To be able to prepare road reserve for the subdivided lot.

10
1.2.4 Scope of Work

There are a few stages need to be followed when doing this project on Lot
13506 and 13512 at Kayangan Height, Mukim Bukit Raja, Selangor.

The stages are:-

a) Documentation and preparation at the office
b) Survey fieldwork
c) Processing data at office

a) Documentation and preparation at the office :

- Get the grant from land office or registry.
- Search the information of the Lot in Jupem2u.
- Get the certified plan (CP) related to the lot.
- Search and locating the lot on the standard sheet by referring to grant.
- Preparing the pre-computation plan for preparing the new Requisition Survey
(RS).
- Application for surrender and re-alienation to PTD

b) Survey field
- Establishment of vertical control point using nearest benchmark
- Site reconnaissance n planning work
- Resurvey the lot
- Computation of solar observation to get true bearing
- Mark the boundary using Pipe
- Refix the new boundary mark for the new 8 plots

c) Processing data at office

- Apply meridian correction to traverse
- Transfer all the data collector by using AutoCAD software
- Prepare plan for subdivision.
- Prepare final plan

11
1.2.5 Quotation

Table 1.2 show all cost regards the survey work from the beginning until the last
out of final plan. It must calculate all the cost before the survey is carry out and need to
give to the client. All the fees are fixed and follow the Lembaga Jurukur Tanah Malaysia

Table 1.2
Quotation for the Survey
No Detail Quantity Unit Rate @ Total
RM (RM)
1 Land office cost
- Official land title search 2 Lot 50 100
- Application of “Hakmilik” 2 Lot 100 200
- FApplication Fees 2 Lot 50 100
2 Registration of “Majlis Daerah”
- Process 50
- Registration of Lot 2 Lot 30 60
- “Sijil merancang majlis 50
daerah”
3 Land Survey Board Cost
- basic charge 1000
- Pre – computation 1 350
- Survey (0.5 – 2.5 ha) Lot 1650
- line for azimuth 71.638 M 2.00 143.76
- line connection of control 364.114 M 2.00 728.23
survey
- Refixation boundary mark 10 170 1700
- Digital data 914.40
- Reimbursement software 1 30
packages
- GST (6%) 424.58
TOTAL (RM) 7500.970

12
 CHAPTER TWO
THEORY

The theory of work that used during the work of surrender & re-alienation project is
explained briefly in this chapter. This chapter intends to help understand the importance
of applying such theory on survey work, also based on PKUP 2002 and PKUP 2009.

2.1 Definition

The definition of every words used in survey should be understandable by

anyone. This is to make sure that there is no mislead of information occur

2.1.1 Demarcation

In the dictionary, demarcation meaning is the establishment of boundaries or

limits separating two areas, groups, or things, (Dictionary, 2010). Based on my
understanding related to this project, demarcation is the process of implanting the
boundary mark of a lot through the survey done with correct orientation. It is an
important process as it helps the owner or associated party know their lot boundary and
mark the point with the pipe or nail. Figure 2.1 showed the demarcation of boundary.

Figure 2.1 Demarcation of Boundary (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

13
2.1.2 Reconnaissance

A reconnaissance survey is defined as “an examination of all or part of an area

accomplished in sufficient detail to make generalizations about the types and
distributions of historic properties that may be present” within a given project area
(Federal Register 48:44739). Reconnaissance or site visit is done before carrying out
the survey work. A must-do process before carrying survey work as it should help ease
the flow of survey work since we know the direction of the work to make sure this
project can be done in time given without wasting our time. Figure 2.2 showed the
reconnaissance of site at Kayangan Height.

Figure 2.2 Reconnaissance of the Site (Kayangan Height, 2017)

14
2.2 Types of Control

Surveyors who is working in the survey have to on a daily basis undertake

various types of surveys depending on the client requirements. There are 2 type of
control point which is horizontal control and vertical control. It is very important to
determine the coordinate’s value of the point.

2.2.1 Horizontal Control

Horizontal control is one of key point in conducting a survey work. Through

horizontal control, the value of X, Y can be obtained. From the book entitled
"Engineering Aid, 2018", traverse that has been established and is used to locate detail
points and objects is often spoken of as a control traverse. Any line from which
points and objects are located is a control line. A survey is controlled horizontally by
measuring horizontal distances and horizontal angles. This type of survey is often
referred to as horizontal control. There are several datum used in horizontal control
and 2 method of observation for horizontal control which will be explained in this
subtopic

2.2.1.1 Datum

Basically, a datum is a reference points or line on the earth’s surface against

which position measurement are made. There are several method to determine the
datum for the work before we can proceed our survey work and to make sure get the
satisfactory datum that followed the PKUP 2002/2009 which referring to at least 3
existing horizontal control point such as:

i. Cadastral reference mark

ii. 3 old boundary mark (NDCDB) prove by interior angle
iii. 2 old boundary mark or establishing new horizontal control point through solar
observation or GNSS.

15
 After it was observed, a computation for po-new was done. This is to check the
difference and to make sure that it is within tolerance so that it is acceptable. For BKL
with less than 40m, the bearing should not exceed 1' while the distance should be within
± 0.0015. If the distance of BKL is more than 40m, the tolerance for the bearing should
not exceed 30" while the distance tolerance is 0.0015 and +0.006 for additional 20m.
Table 2.1 showed the datum condition according circular 2002:-

i. Bearing and Distance Tolerance

Table 2.1
Datum Determination
A line Tolerance
Bearing Distance
< 40 meter ≤ 1’ ± 0.0015
>40 meter ≥ 30” Each additional 20
meters add +0.006m

ii. Interior Angle

The interior angle between of two boundary mark should not exceed
10” or if it the previous survey which second class survey, the interior angle
must not exceed 20”

16
2.2.1.2 Type of traversing

There are 2 type of traversing which is open traverse n closed traverse.

 Open Traverse

Open traverse means that the traverse start at known point and closed at
unknown point. This type of survey is usually used on a narrow path to pick up details.
It has less accuracy thus cannot be checked its tolerance and adjusted. Establishing new
boundary mark or refixation is prohibited from using this type of traverse.

 Closed Traverse

Closed traverse is a traverse that start from a known point and end at known
point too. This type of traverse has high accuracy and suitable to conduct precise survey
such as establishing new boundary mark or refix. This type of traverse allow us to check
its accuracy thus applying correction to adjust it. There are 2 type of closed traverse
which is polygon and link traverse.

Polygon - It is a survey that start from known point and end at the same known point.
The line of the traverse will connect which each other thus shows a polygon shaped
diagram.

Link – Link traverse is a survey that start at known point and closed at another known
point. The first line and last line of the traverse does not connect with each other thus
showing a diagram of a link traverse

17
2.3 Method of Adjustments

Basically, surveyor will apply the adjustment for the data that had been collected
at the fieldwork by applying related correction before it can be used to the next of
refixation to find the thirdmark and baseline of the lot. Adjustment is compulsory before
refixation is proceed

2.3.1 ‘C’ Correction

C-correction is applied on a complete traverse to close the traverse of polygon.

It applied to all point of the station but not exceeding 25 stations or equivalent to 1
meter. It used as a correction of the bearing misclosure to make sure it get the same
value as we started. In the book, it also known as Circuit Correction. The main purpose
of this adjustment is to minimize the error in the traverse. It also applied for sub traverse
to make sure the sub traverse are not swing to wrong value.

In this project, total number of station established is 7. The measured closed

bearing is 03°03’12” while the initial bearing is 03°02’25”. By applying the formula
below, the c correction for the traverse is 6" for each stn. Table 2.2 shows the formula
being used to calculate c correction.

Table 2.2
Formula of C Correction
Bearing Misclosure:
= (𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔
− 𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔)
C Correction:
−(𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒)
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠

18
2.3.2 ‘M’ Correction

The M-correction is the correction of orientation from bearing which is

Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM), adopted bearing of three proved boundary marks or
azimuth that will apply in all traverse stations with the same value. It also known as
meridian correction. The traverse will be orientated positive or negative angle, it
depends on the calculation of proving the adopted bearing or true azimuth. It will not
affected the shape and also the area of the lot, it just want to correct the shifted of the
lot that refer to the value of the true bearing. There are a few source of M-correction
and Table 2.3 below showed the formula of the M Correction that used to calculate the
true bearing.

Source of M Correction:-
 Solar observation
 3 old boundary mark (proved)
 3 old or new CRM (proved)
 3 old Station from previous project

Table 2.3
Formula of M Correction
M Correction:
= [𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑝𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔]
− [𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝐵](+𝑜𝑟 −)[𝑐 − 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛)

19
2.4 Calculation Volume

According to DSMM, The calculation volume is the summary report of cadastral

calculation. The calculation is consisting the survey lot of final bearing and distance,
field book reference number, final coordinates, lot station, number of area of the lot and
the lot precision. The purpose of the CV is to produce a computation report of a survey
lot before creating a final product. All the data are extracted from the field book and
some errors need to eliminate. Figure 2.3 showed the example of the calculation volume
based on the project and the following are the calculation volume after the survey at
fieldwork and other calculation are done:-

a. Latitude & Departure calculation

b. Traverse accuracy (Linear misclosure)
c. Adjustment using Bowditch method
d. Final coordinates
e. Area using Double meridian distance (DMD)
f. Lot line calculation

Figure 2.3 Example of Bowditch of the Project (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

20
2.5 Refixation

In the cadastral survey, to do the refixation of the boundary marks, it should

have baseline and thirdmark to make sure which one of the boundary marks are in the
good position to be based for refixation of other boundary marks and can proceed for
refixation.

2.5.1 Baseline

Baseline is a line that consist of 2 boundary mark that covered the surveyed site.
The boundary mark is chosen through computation of PO and NEW. It is better if the
line of the baseline is the longest and had least error in comparison. The pair that has
the least error is acceptable as the baseline. Baseline shall be longer than the boundary
line where its mark to be refixed. Table 2.4 showed the formula of the baseline is as
follow:-

Table 2.4
Formula of the Baseline
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑃𝑂 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔

Purpose of the baseline:-

- To acts as a base for refixation

- To prevent the accuracy value of refixation exceed the acceptable tolerance
- To make sure the refixation is done correctly.
- To provide adjustment factor for previous value of bearing and distance of the
survey.
- To accommodate previous survey value to current survey datum.

21
2.5.2 Thirdmark

Thirdmark must be independent from the baseline, it is as independent checking

for baseline and to prevent shift and swing. When the baseline and thirdmark is
combining, an interior angle can be concluding. If the interior angle is within tolerance
which is below than 10”, it is considered as acceptable. Usually the thirdmark is chosen
by looking at its connection with the baseline boundary mark and have least error after
baseline besides having the shortest length of distance.

Purpose of baseline

- As checking for baseline

- To enable the computation of interior angle
- To prevent any swing

2.5.3 Refixation

Refixation is the replacement of missing boundary mark or re-plant the new

boundary mark which is found out of position from its original position on the lot. It
will do after all the C and M corrections had been applied in the traverse station.
According to Circular 2009, old boundary mark which is found to be out-of-position
(beyond acceptable limits) need to be refix. If it found missing, it should be replaced
with new boundary mark based on the calculation.

22
2.6 Boundary Mark

Boundary mark acts to show the owner of its lot boundary. It is planted after
being approval by DSMM. The drawing of the lot, its location, number of boundary
mark, and area of lot should be check before being approved. Any illegal removal of
boundary mark may cause a fine being implied to the doer.

2.6.1 Types of Boundary Mark

There are a few type of boundary mark that used in the cadastral survey. Every
boundary mark has their own function and purpose to make sure we can recognize it
during the survey work.

 Concrete - The concrete stone used for boundary mark is usually has 600mm with
a diameter of 75mm. It usually has punctured mark on its top as a reference for a
station. There also a sign at the boundary mark to differentiate who planted it. JUP
means that the boundary mark was planted by JUPEM. If it was planted by LLS,
there should be serial number of the stone which can be purchased from the state
JUPEM.

 Granit - Granite stone is square with a size of 80 mm wide, 120 mm long and
600 mm high and has a punch mark for the station.

 Iron Pipe - Iron pipe length is not less than 900 mm with diameter between 25
mm to 50 mm. it should be adorned with stainless steel and the top of the pipe
opening shall be sealed with concrete having a mark on the station point. If the
soil is sandy, muddy and swampy conditions, it is allowed to fall out 6 inches
from the ground.

 Iron spikes - Nail length of not less than 55 mm and 8 mm in diameter. The nail
head should be 15 mm in diameter and have a diameter of 46mm and mark at
point of the station.

23
2.6.2 Distance Between Boundary Mark

According PKUP 2009, each boundary mark should be planted before or during
the measurements carried out by using the requirement set by the Department Survey
DSMM.

 Any boundary marks on a straight line shall be planted at intervals not exceeding
300 meters if the signs are visible or at intervals not exceeding 200 meters if they
are not visible at all.
 Any boundary lines that follow the curve should be marked at the end of the cords
so that the normal distance from the curve to the crossover line does not exceed 0.2
meters.
 A minimum distance of boundary mark is 0.1 meter.

24
2.6.3 Symbols Used in Cadastral Survey

Each type of boundary mark has its own symbol. This is to help the user to
recognize the types of boundary mark that is used at fieldwork. Table 2.4 shows the
types of boundary mark commonly used in fieldwork.

Table 2.5
Symbol Used In Cadastral Survey
Name Symbol
Pepaku Besi Baru PpBB
Pepaku Besi Lama PpBL
Batu Konkrit Baru BKB
Batu Konkrit Lama BKL
Batu Lama BL
Paip Baru PB
Paip Lama PL
Paku Baru (Berkonkrit) pkB
Paku Lama (Berkonkrit) pkL
Tanda Atas Batu TAB
Tiada Tanda TT
Piket Pkt
Tanam Pastian TP
Tanda Terabas Piawai Baru TTPB
Tanda Terabas Piawai Lama TTPL
Paip Terabas Piawai Baru PTB
Paip Terabas Piawai Lama PTL
Tugu System Penentu Dudukan GPS
Global
Tanda Aras Dengan Ketinggian ●← 119.21
Stesen Trigonometri TS
Tanda Kawalan Ukur Kadaster CRM

25
2.7 Plan Processing

Plan processing is the last stage to complete all the requirement needs to finish
the project and it is also final output for the client. It can be produce when all the data
already process and had been approve by authority.

2.7.1 Preparing The Certified Plan

CP is the short form of the Certified Plan. It is the last output for cadastral work
either in subdivision, partition or amalgamation. The purpose of the CP is to show the
real position of the boundary mark after it had been done the survey. By preparing the
Certified Plan, it can be issued the final title to the land owner. Figure 2.3 below shows
the example certified plan regarding this project. All the information in Certified Plan
are followed the DSMM:-

 Bearing and distance of the line

 Bearing must be recorded to the nearest 10” and distance must be nearest 0.001
meter.
 Boundary mark
 Lot number and lot area
 Adjacent lot boundary
 Connection line must be dashed line
 Show the coordinate number of two boundary

To complete the plan, side information of lot need to put on the left hand side to make
easy for the audience to understand the plan:-

 Lot number
 Scale
 North arrow
 Title
 Name of state, district and mukim
 History of the lot (if necessary)
 PA number

26
 Standard sheet number
 No of old CP (if necessary)
 Signed from DSMM

Figure 2.4 Certified Plan (Geopartal Jupem, 2018)

27
 CHAPTER THREE
PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT

In this chapter, it will explain about the personnel who leading the survey work,
equipment used at the site and level of involvement in this project.

3.1 Personnel

Personnel is the people who work for an organization in a company. Based on

my project, they are the person who are in charge in this project. This is the list name
of our team for this project.

i. Surveyor
- Foo Chee Yong
- Ng Yoon Fai

ii. Chainman
- Rasyid Ahmad
- Mustapar
- Awang Sulong
- Che Ngah

iii. Practical Student

- Nurzaitie Aflah Bt Abdullah
- Siti Nur Fatihah Bt Abdul Halim

28
3.2 Equipment

There are a few instruments that used in this project to make sure the project can
be done completely. Table 3.1 below show the equipment that used are shown along
with its usage and accuracy at site in the project.

Table 3.1
Equipment Used In the Project
Instruments Function
TOPCON Total Station GTS – 235N
C/W
 Used to measure the distance and bearing
between two points.
 The data being display include the
horizontal bearing and distance, vertical
bearing and distance, and slope distance.
 The instrument is available in 5” angle
accuracy, can be used to measure
distance up to millimetre and long-
lasting batteries

TRIPOD

PRISM

29
3.3 Level of Involvement

For level of involvement in this project, there are 3 step that practical student
will involve which are office work for documentation, fieldwork and data processing.
Practical student will be go through this step to make sure can learn all the procedure in
this project.

During documentation which 5%, I just get the certified plan from the staff and
prepare the document for subdivide since this project already began in late 2017. At the
field work, 44% I was involved as a chainman and help the surveyor in charge the
instrument but at the same time learn how to conduct the survey. Another 52% are data
processing, all the data are key in into the software. So it will be transfer to the
AutoCAD to produce the plan and drafter will generate ASCII file to the JUPEM by
using Jupem2u. Table 3.2 below shows briefly level of involvement and Figure 3.1
below shows the involvement in the project in the percentages.

Table
3.2 Level of Involvement
Type of Works List of Task
Office Work (4%)  Prepare the document for
application of surrender and re-
alienation and number of PT
 Official search of land lot
 Buy PA from Geoportal server
Field Work (44%)  Do the re-survey by our surveyor
 Do the solar observation and
Complete the traverse around the
lot and pick up the boundary
 Record all the data of the
observation in the Toughbook
and field book
Data Processing (52%)  Transfer all the data to the
software

30
  Draw the lot and the traverse in
AutoCAD
 Perform the calculation of
refixation including calculation
volume of the traverse.
 Prepare certified plan

PERCENTAGE OF INVOLEVEMENT

4%

OFFICE WORK (DOCUMENTATION)

52% 44% FIELDWORK

DATA PROCESSING

Figure 3.1 Level of Involvement by Pie Chart (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

31
 CHAPTER FOUR
PROCEDURE OF WORK

In this chapter, there will be an explanation about procedure of work from the beginning
until it done and the method that has been applied in the fieldwork.

4.1 Planning

As usual before start the project, it must have the proper planning to make sure
the project run smoothly without any problem and can obtained good quality result.
Figure 4.1 below shows the flow chart of planning regarding the project that has been
done during the project is running and will briefly explain the step that has been.

LLS registered
surrender and re- Drafter sent 16
Data processing
alienation for ASCII files to JUPEM
subdivision

LLS/JUPEM Produce
Apply to Land
Survey at fieldwork CP and signatured
Office Petalling
by Director

After approved, LO LLS apply lot

Certified Plan
will sent approval number from
completed
letter to LLS JUPEM

LLS apply PT
number to LO with PT number and QT Final Title is Issued
the document issued by LO to Land owner
needed
Figure 4.1 Flow Chart of Planning (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

32
4.2 Preparation of Document

Based on the flow chart above, there are a few procedure and preparation that
involved for documentation regarding the project of surrender and re-alienation. It
starting from Land office Petalling from that district for application of subdivision and
JUPEM Selangor to get the final title for owner. The document that need to be prepared
are:-

 Quotation of the survey

 Copies of land owner identify card
 The latest land revenue receipts
 Qualified title plan
 Form 12D (for surrender and re-alienation for subdivision)
 Official search of land lot
 Pre computation plan
 Letter of appointment for surveyor
 Official letter (folio)
 LJT fee (Depends on area of the Lot)

After the application for subdivision is approved. The owner/surveyor need to prepare
the following doc:-

 Copy of “Sijil Akuan”

 Copy of “Cukai Tanah”
 Copy of Pre-computation plan
 Original Land Title

When the application had been approved PT number already issued by Land
Office, LLS will apply lot number from JUPEM before surveyor can proceed survey
work at site then produce 16 ASCII file that need to submit to Unit E-QC in JUPEM to
do some checking. Finally stages is will get the Certified Plan for the lot.

33
4.2.1 Documentation

In this stage, the office should be preparing the documents needed for surveyor
to do their job. The document mention included layout plan for area of the lot and pre-
computation plan for subdivision.

 Layout plan

Before pre-computation plan made, layout plan should be done to show all the
information around the lot to make it easy for surveyor as a guidance to do the survey
work and can help the surveyor to know where the location of the adjacent boundary,
road reserve of the lot and lot number. Figure 4.2 below showed the example layout
plan from the project.

Figure 4.2 Layout Plan of the Lot (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

34
 Pre-computation plan

Pre-comp was made to show the proposed line of subdivision for the lot so that
surveyor can do their job at ease and plan their route, after layout plan already signed
by LLS,. This plan should be show to land owner to make the land owner agree with
the subdivision. In the plan, agreement from Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam, Lembaga
Perancang Bandar Malaysia & land owner should be included so the surveyor can
proceed with the survey work. Figure 4.3 below shows the pre-computation plan for
subdivision.

Figure 4.3 Pre-Computation Plan for Subdivision (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

35
4.3 Fieldwork

As mentioned in chapter one, this project will be doing the surrender and re-
alienation for subdivision of two lot and divide it into 8 portions asking by the client as
a land owner of this parcel on Lot 13506 and Lot 13512 at Kayangan Height, Shah
Alam, Selangor.
This survey must be carried out follow the requirement that already fixed in
PKUP 2009 from JUPEM. There are a few parties that involved during running this
project such as Jurukur Zenith as a responsible to make sure the project is done, Land
Surveyor Board (LJT), Land Office (LO) and JUPEM.

4.3.1 Instrument Calibration

All instruments used must be calibrate to make sure all data were recorded
correctly and there is no error during the survey before start the survey,. In this project,
we did two calibration that follow the requirement such as EDM calibration and
Differential Field Test but EDM calibration already did before I enter in this project.

 Differential Field Test (DFT)

DFT is the differential field test that should be carried out at the start of every
day job. It can be done in the traverse line which is on the first line or any longest line
of the traverse. Figure 4.4 below showed the diagram of DFT of the traverse and table
4.1 shows the booking of DFT. There are a few criteria that need to follow to make sure
can be acceptable. If the difference exceeding 0.020 m. The action following must be
taken if:-

a) DFT not exceed 0.010 meters. Determination CRM must be done again
b) DFT exceeds the limit. The total station should make calibration

36
Procedure of DFT:-

i. Set up total station at Station A and prism at station B at the first station with
the distance 71.641 m. Observe and record it.
ii. Move the total station at Station C which the middle of the line and prism at
station A and B.
iii. Calculate the tolerance for the observation to know the result.

Figure 4.4 Differential Field Test of the Project (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

Table 4.1
Booking of DFT from the Project
Stn Bearing mean Fr Line to Distance Final
Face left Face right distance
Final
bearing
DFT A B 71.641 71.641
(71.641)

Line C A 31.600 31.600

(31.599)

Line C B 40.042 40.043

(40.043)
Line C A 31.600
Line A B 71.643

37
4.3.2 Horizontal Control

In horizontal control, there are a few procedure before start the traversing to
make sure it can complete without dropping anything important data in the survey work.
In figure 4.5 below showed the overall diagram of traverse with the radiation of BKL
and where it start.

Procedure of the traversing:-

i. Set up the first station either on BKL or establish new point outside the lot.
The point is establish and marked by using pegs to show that it is the point of
the traverse.
ii. The station of the traverse was established with 7 points around the lot and
near the BKL to make the radiation.
iii. When all the station was done marked, we start with solar observation with the
assumed bearing 185 00 00 to find the datum to make the traverse in correct
orientation. It was done on station 2 -1
iv. After the adjustment was applied as M-correction, we proceed for the next
station it complete to the last station as closed traverse.
v. After the traverse was done, C correction need to calculate to know the bearing
misclosure from initial bearing and last bearing which station 2-1
vi. All the data was recorded by face left and face right and the traverse was run in
clockwise direction.

38
Figure 4.5 Traverse Network of the Lot (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

39
4.3.3 Adjustment

For the adjustment of the traverse, there are two conventional method of
adjustment that we applied in this project to make sure the orientation is in correct
position:-

 M – Correction

In order to make sure the orientation of the traverse is correct, we do the solar
observation since we only found 2 old boundary mark at the site and we just assumed
the value of the bearing. The value of the observation must be compared to assumed
value to know the true value of the bearing.

 C – Correction

This method we applied at closed traverse to know the different of bearing

misclosure between initial and last bearing. It must not be exceeding 1’ 15” and should
be below that value. The value of the different bearing misclosure will be divide into
how many station we have and distributed equally for each line traverse.

40
4.3.4 Refixation

Based on calculation that has been made, a total of 9 BKL has been found to be
out of position and need to be refix. By using calculation of comparing PO and new, a
baseline and thirdmark has been concluded in order to do refixation. By using line 14-
20 as baseline, the refixation offset for the lot boundary has been computed through
reference of PKUP 2002. Line 14-22 act as third mark for baseline independent
checking and prevent any needless shifting. The offset for refixation was done from the
station nearest to the point of refixation. Figure 4.6 below showed the procedure and
step that need to follow in refixation:-

Identify mark to be refixed

(missing/out poistion)

Calculate displacement
(comparison new - PO)

Identify baseline, thirdmark

and interior angle

Calculate bearing & distance

factor (from baseline)

Perform adjustment to PO
values

Calculate offset for

refixation

Perform refixation (Field

work)
Figure 4.6 Flow Chart of Refixation (Cadastral Survey, 2018)

41
 Selection of baseline and thirdmark were based on the lowest tolerance After
the calculation of NEW and PO has been done,. Figure 4.7 below shows which one is
the baseline and thirdmark and figure 4.8 shows the enlargement of the line in detail.

Figure 4.7 Diagram of Baseline and Thirdmark with Connection from Traverse

42
 Figure 4.8 Enlargement Diagram of Baseline and Thirdmark (AutoCAD 2007,
2018)

The formula for adjustment bearing and distance:-

𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 − 𝑃𝑂 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑃𝑂 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 ± 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟

𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 =
𝑃𝑂 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝑃𝑂 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 × 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟

43
4.4 Data Processing

All the data that recorded in Toughbook will be bring back to the office to give
to drafter for processing it after the survey at field work has been done,. The surveyor
will calculate the adjustment and manually write the booking of the traverse in the field
book as a hardcopy. The drafter will then process the data given and double check the
surveyor data and calculation. Using the AutoCAD software, the drafter will be able to
show the diagram of the traverse and lot. The drafter then will compare the drawing of
the fieldwork and the pre-computation plan to confirm the refixation.

return to office
with the data

Check the traverse

by calculation C and
M-correction

Perform
calcualtion the
bowditch and area
computation

identify the
baseline and
thirdmark by
calculation

Calculate the
adjustment of
boundary mark for
refixation

Calculate the
offset to plant
new boundary
marks

Figure 4.9 Procedure of Data Processing (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

44
4.5 Final Product

The final product in this project is certified plan where must be approved and
got signature from director of survey and mapping besides certified by Licensed Land
Surveyor who has conducted the survey on the fieldwork. This plan will be produced
by using the AutoCAD software and submit it to JUPEM to provide the frame of
certified plan. It used GDM 2000 Cassini-Soldner as coordinate system for this plan.
Figure 4.10 below shows the certified plan that need to produce.

Figure 4.10 Final Product (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

45
 CHAPTER FIVE
RESULT AND ANALYSIS

This chapter provides the result and analysis of the undertaken project. The final
product is briefly explained through analysis.

5.1 Instrument Calibration

EDM calibration was performed either by EDM baseline test or Differential

field test to make sure the data recorded in true value,. The purpose of the calibration to
check the performance and reliability of the equipment.

 EDM Baseline Test

The result of EDM Baseline test that we did at Seksyen 6, Shah Alam, Selangor
by using ES105 model of Topcon. Based on the table 5.1 below showed the result of
the equipment that already been calibrate between observation of total station and
distance of base pillar from JUPEM and it is in good condition and the accuracy of the
equipment are in acceptable tolerance with the value 0.001m.

Table 5.1
Information of Instrument Calibration
No of pillar Distance been Fixed distance Different
From pillar To pillar observed (m) (m) (A-B)
1 2 5.016 5.013 0.003
1 3 9.997 9.995 0.002
1 4 49.006 49.001 0.005
1 5 86.994 86.998 -0.004
1 6 125.008 125.009 -0.001
1 7 163.005 163.003 0.002
1 8 201.012 201.012 0.000
1 9 251.009 251.007 0.002

46
 1 10 300.028 300.034 -0.006
2 3 4.986 4.982 0.004
2 4 43.993 43.988 0.005
2 5 81.982 81.985 -0.003
2 6 119.993 119.996 -0.003
2 7 157.983 157.989 -0.006
2 8 195.998 195.999 -0.001
2 9 245.989 245.994 -0.005
2 10 295.018 295.021 -0.003
Total -0.009
N = Number of Observation 17
C = Total |A-B|/n 0.001

 Differential Field Test (DFT)

Before starting the project, a DFT was conducted to check the instrument. 3
point was established with the distance measured by tape. Total station n prism was
setup to measure the distance using EDM. Below is the data booking for the DFT that
was conducted.

Station Distance
A to B 71.641
C to A 31.600
C to B 40.043

Tolerance = (A-B) – [(C – A) + (C-B)]

= 71.641 – 71.643
= 0.002 m

Based on the DFT conducted, the instrument is proved to be in good condition

for survey work and no need to calibrate. The different distance of A-B and C-A, C-B
is 0,002 which is still under the tolerance of ±0.010m.

47
5.2 Horizontal Control

Horizontal Control is essential in doing a survey work. In this project, the solar
observation was used as a horizontal control.

5.2.1 Solar Observation

Solar observation was done in order to get the value for m-corr. It was done at
line 2-1 which traverse line. The observation was done with help of sunglasses. The
data was booking into the solar observation field book and then computed to get the
value of true bearing. After that, the value for m correction can be obtained thru true
bearing-observation bearing. The m correction was then applied to all line of
observation so that the orientation is corrected. Figure 5.1 and figure 5.2 below shows
the calculation of solar observation and the diagram of where solar observation has been
made.

Figure 5.1 Result of Solar Observation (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)

48
Figure 5.2 Solar Observation with Traverse Connection

49
5.2.2 Datum

Calculation need to be made to make sure that the boundary mark is in good
position and to make sure the old boundary can be as the reference. The interior angle
was compared to determine whether it is within tolerance or not. Figure 5.3 below
showed the diagram of the line 26-16-11 which selected for datum proved.

M correction = Assumed datum line 2 – 1 ± Adopted bearing (Solar observation)

= 185 00 00 – 183 03 12
= 01 56 48

Datum Line 2-1 = Assumed datum line 2 – 1 ± M correction

= 185 00 00 – 01 56 48
= 183 03 12

Datum proved by solar observation + 2 BKL (Line 26–16):-

Bearing PO – NEW = 89 50 00 − 89 50 38
= 00 00 38”

Distance PO – NEW = 32.194 – 32.183

= 0.011m

Datum proved by 3 BKL (Line 26–16–11):-

Bearing at line 16–26 – bearing at line 16-11:-

359 50 18 – 269 50 38 = 89 59 20 (NEW)

359 50 00 – 269 50 00 = 90 00 00 (PO)

Interior angle different = 89 59 40 – 90 00 00

= 00 00 20”

50
 Distance different (PO – NEW):-

Line 16 – 26 = 32.194 -32.183

= 0.011m

Line 16 – 11 = (44.501 – 40)/20*0.006 + 0.015

= 0.016 (Tolerance)
= 44.501 – 44.501
= 0.000m

Figure 5.3 Diagram of Datum Proved (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

The datum used for this project is 1 solar observation and 2 proven BKL as
stated in PKUP 2009. The solar observation was done on line 2-1 which connect with
BKL 16 and BKL 26. The value of m correction which is 01’56’48” is applied to the
traverse to get the correct orientation. The 2 BKL was also proved to be in good
condition thus means that the datum used is acceptable.

51
5.2.3 Traversing

The traverse was start at line 2-1 with assumed bearing and continued on clockwise rotation. The last line of the traverse is closed at the
first station of the traverse. The solar observation was done at line 2-1 to get the correct orientation. Adjustment was apply to the traverse to reduce
the error such as c correction.

Table 5.2
Booking of the Traverse (Jurukur Zenith, 2018)
Bearing Line Final
Stn mean fro to Distance distance
Face left Face right m Final bearing
DFT A B 71.641 71.641
(71.641)

C A 31.600 31.600
(31.599)

C B 40.042 40.043
(40.043)
C A 31.600
A B 71.643
Assumed Datum 185 00 00 2 183 03 12 1 71.641
M – 01 56 48 PKT PKT

52
 1 183 0312 03 03 13 150 55 02 2 150 55 02 8 13.161 13.161
2 PKT BKL (13.160)
8 150 55 02 330 55 02

1 SA 118 34 10 2 118 34 10 9 12.275 12.276

2 PKT BKL (12.277)
9 118 34 10 298 34 10

1 SA 95 53 17 2 95 53 17 10 24.851 24.851
2 PKT BKL (24.851)
10 95 53 17 275 53 17

1 SA 93 39 43 2 93 39 43 11 39.086 39.086
2 PKT BKL (39.086)
11 93 39 43 273 39 43

1 SA 198 14 55 2 198 14 55 12 19.917 19.918

2 PKT BKL (19.919)
12 198 14 55 18 14 55

1 SA 211 49 08 2 211 49 08 13 19.540 19.540

2 PKT BKL (19.539)
13 211 49 08 31 49 08

1 183 03 12 03 03 12 88 24 38 2 88 24 45 3 68.506 68.507

53
2 C + 07” PKT PKT (68.508)
3 88 24 35 268 24 40

2 268 24 38 88 24 38 166 54 18 3 166 54 25 14 4.404 4.404

3 M + 07” PKT BKL (4.404)
14 166 54 18 346 54 18

2 268 24 38 88 24 38 179 52 50 3 179 53 03 4 46.967 46.967

3 C + 13” PKT PKT (46.970)
4 179 52 50 359 52 49

3 359 52 50 179 52 50 151 01 17 3 151 01 30 15 2.130 2.130

4 M + 13” PKT BKL (2.130)
15 151 01 17 331 01 17

3 SA 266 15 00 3 266 15 13 16 29.506 29.506

4 M + 13” PKT BKL (29.505)
16 266 15 00 86 15 00

3 SA 169 02 00 3 169 02 13 17 21.109 21.109

4 M + 13” PKT BKL (21.109)
17 169 02 00 349 02 00

3 SA 182 53 26 4 182 53 46 5 27.483 27.483

4 C + 20” PKT PKT (27.485)
5 182 53 26 02 53 25

4 02 53 26 182 53 26 111 11 02 5 111 11 22 18 48.442 48.442

5 M + 20” PKT BKL (48.441)

54
 18 111 11 01 291 11 03

4 SA 152 03 21 5 152 03 57 19 19.970

5 M + 20” PKT BKL
19 152 23 01 332 03 01

4 SA 183 28 30 5 183 28 57 6 50.444 50.444

5 C + 27” PKT PKT (50.444)
6 183 28 30 03 28 29

5 03 28 30 183 28 30 189 23 33 6 189 24 00 20 43.0152 43.053

6 M + 27” PKT BKL (43.053)
20 189 23 36 09 23 29

5 SA 23 46 54 6 23 47 21 21 10.589 10.589
6 M + 27” PKT BKL (10.589)
21 23 46 54 203 46 54

5 SA 191 05 00 6 191 05 27 22 5.400 5.400

6 M + 27” PKT BKL (5.400)
22 191 05 00 11 05 00

5 SA 284 02 33 6 284 03 07 7 61.942 61.942

6 C + 34” PKT PKT (61.944)
7 284 02 43 104 02 23

6 104 02 33 284 02 33 172 51 44 7 172 52 18 23 20.702 20.703

7 M + 34” PKT BKL (20.703)
23 172 51 44 352 51 44

55
 6 SA 154 03 33 7 154 04 07 24 9.031 9.031
7 M + 34” PKT BKL (9.030)
24 154 03 33 334 51 44

6 SA 11 25 20 7 11 25 54 25 17.842 17.843
7 M + 34” PKT BKL (17.843)
25 11 25 20 191 25 20

6 SA 347 46 34 7 347 47 14 1 37.127 37.127

7 C + 40” PKT PKT (37.130)
1 347 46 38 167 46 31

7 167 46 34 347 46 34 23 45 19 1 23 45 59 26 26.723 26.723

1 M + 40” PKT BKL (26.723)
26 23 45 19 203 45 19

7 SA 346 09 12 1 346 09 52 27 7.370 7.370

1 M + 40” PKT BKL (7.370)
27 346 09 12 166 09 12

7 SA 03 02 25 1 03 03 12 2 71.638 71.638
1 C + 47 PKT Bg Terikat BKL (71.637)
2 03 02 22 183 02 28

56
5.3 Adjustment

Calculation for Bearing Misclose:-

Line 2 – 1 = 03 03 12
Should be read = 03 02 25
Different = -47” each 7 station (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
C – Correction = +6.71” for each station

Calculation for M correction:-

M correction = Assumed datum line 2 – 1 ± Adopted bearing (Solar observation)

= 185 00 00 – 183 03 12
= 01 56 48

Datum Line 2-1 = Assumed datum line 2 – 1 ± M correction

= 185 00 00 – 01 56 48
= 183 03 12

In the traverse, adjustment of the line is very important to make sure the error
can be reduce and being the true path by apply M and C-correction of each line.
According PKUP 2002, C-correction of the traverse cannot be exceed the maximum of
bearing misclosure which 1’15” and based on the result, it shows that the value of C-
Correction is 47” which is under 1’15”.

57
Linear Misclosure:-

Table 5.3
Calculation Volume of the Traverse
Line Bearing Distance Latid Depart Adjusted Coordinate
Latid Depart S W
2 -3049.800 -20661.000
3 88 24 45 68.507 1.898 68.481 1.899 68.482 -3047.901 -20592.518
4 179 53 03 46.969 -46.969 0.095 -46.968 0.096 -3094.869 -20592.423
5 182 53 46 27.484 -27.449 -.1389 -27.448 -1.388 -3122.318 -20593.811
6 183 28 57 50.444 -50.351 -3.064 -50.350 -.3.063 -3172.668 -20596.874
7 284 03 07 61.943 15.040 -60.089 15.041 -60.089 -3157.627 -20656.963
1 347 47 14 37.129 36.289 -7.854 36.289 -7.854 -3121.337 -20664.817
2 03 03 12 71.638 71.536 3.816 71.537 7.854 -3049.8000 -20661.000
Total = 364.114 -0.006 -0.006 0.000 0.000

58
 1
Traverse Accuracy =
√∆𝐿𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒2 + ∆𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒²
∑𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

1
=
√(0.006)2 +(0.006)2
364.114

= 1 : 46825

Total Area = 7943m²

Based on table 5.3 which showed the calculation to get linear misclosure by
follow PKUP 2002 to know the acceptable misclosure for the distance of first and last
line of the traverse. It shows that the result is under 1:8000 which 1:46825 and it is
acceptable to use for survey.

59
5.4 Refixation

5.4.1 Calculation for Baseline

a. Baseline New

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 14
3 346 54 25 4.404 4.290 -0.998
4 179 53 03 46.967 -46.967 0.095
5 182 53 46 27.483 -27.448 -1.389
6 183 28 57 50.444 -50.351 -3.064
BKL 20 189 24 00 43.053 -42.475 -7.032
BKL 14 184 20 50 163.421 -162.951 -12.387

b. Baseline PO

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 14
BKL 15 179 50 00 44.501 -44.501 0.129
BKL 17 170 50 40 19.088 -18.845 3.037
BKL 19 170 50 40 24.687 -24.372 3.928
BKL 21 199 30 00 24.478 -23.074 -8.171
BKL 22 199 30 00 15.908 -14.996 -5.310
BKL 20 189 09 10 37.649 -37.170 -5.989
BKL 14 184 20 34 163.426 -162.957 -12.375

In this survey work, line chosen to be baseline is line BKL 14-20. The line goes
through the lot n have the least error thus acceptable. The baseline is then supported by
thirdmark that is proved in good condition. This prevent for any unnecessary swing of
the survey data. Below are the result of the baseline n thirdmark:-

Bearing baseline new – PO = 184 20 50 – 184 20 34

= 16”
Distance baseline new – PO = 163.424 – 163.426
= -0.002

60
5.4.2 Calculation for third mark

a. Thirdmark New

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 14
3 346 54 25 4.404 4.290 -0.998
4 179 53 03 46.967 -46.967 0.095
5 182 53 46 27.483 -27.448 -1.389
6 183 28 57 50.444 -50.351 -3.064
BKL 22 191 05 27 5.400 -5.299 -1.039
BKL 14 02 54 37 125.937 -125.775 -6.395

a. Thirdmark PO

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 14
BKL 15 179 50 00 44.501 -44.501 0.129
BKL 17 170 50 40 19.088 -18.845 3.037
BKL 19 170 50 40 24.687 -24.372 3.928
BKL 21 199 30 00 24.478 -23.074 -8.171
BKL 22 199 30 00 15.908 -14.996 -5.310
BKL 14 02 54 23 125.950 -125.788 -6.387

BKL 22 was chosen to act as thirdmark in this project. It functions to help

prevent any swinging of the surveyed lot. It was chosen by selecting the BKL that
connect with baseline and have the least error.

Bearing thirdmark new – PO = 02 54 37 – 02 54 23

= -14”
Distance thirdmark new – PO = 125.937 – 125.950
= -0.012

61
5.4.3 Interior Angle between Baseline and Thirdmark

Line PO New
Baseline (BKL 14 – BKL 20) 184 24 50 184 20 34
Thirdmark ( BKL 14 – BKL 02 54 37 02 54 23
22)
Different 181 26 11 181 26 13

Interior angle = PO – New

= 181 26 11 – 181 26 13
= - 00 00 02

Figure 5.4 Diagram of the Interior Angle

Based on the result above, the value comparison of interior angle between New
and PO is 00 00 02. It can be acceptable because the tolerance are not more than ± 10”
such as stated in PKUP 2002.

62
5.4.4 Adjustment Bearing and Distance Factor

a. bearing factor

= New Bearing – PO Bearing

= 184 20 50 – 184 20 34
= + 00 00 16

Adjusted Bearing = PO Bearing ± Bearing Factor

Line Bearing (PO value) Bearing Factor Adjusted Bearing

15
17 170 50 40 170 50 56
19 170 50 40 170 50 56
21 199 30 00 199 30 16
22 199 30 00 199 30 16
23 269 50 00 + 00°00‘16” 269 50 16
24 06 14 20 06 14 36
25 359 07 20 359 07 36
26 359 07 20 359 07 36
16 89 50 00 89 50 16
15 89 50 00 89 50 16

63
b. distance factor

= New Distance / PO Distance

= 163.421/163.426
= 0.999969405

Adjusted Distance = PO Distance X Distance Factor

Line Bearing (PO value) Bearing Factor Adjusted Bearing

15
17 19.088 19.088
19 24.687 24.687
21 24.478 24.478
22 15.908 15.908
23 56.461 163.424 56.460
24 12.493 163.426 12.493
25 25.618 25.618
26 43.241 43.241
16 32.194 32.194
15 30.480 30.480

64
5.4.5 Vector Displacement

Direct line from traverse to NDCDB

Line Bearing Distance ∆ Latid ∆ Depart N/S E/W

4 -3089.062 -20603.262
15 151 01 30 2.130 -1.863 1.032 -3090.925 -20602.230

4 -3089.062 -20603.262
16 266 15 13 29.506 -1.928 -29.442 -3090.99 -20632.704

4 -3089.062 -20603.262
17 169 02 13 21.109 -20.724 4.014 -3109.786 -20599.158

5 -3116.510 -20604.651
19 152 03 21 19.970 -17.642 9.358 -3134.152 -20595.293

6 -3166.860 -20607.714
21 23 47 21 10.589 9.689 4.271 -3157.171 -20603.443

65
7 -3151.819 -20667.803
23 172 52 18 20.703 -20.543 2.569 -3172.362 -20665.234

7 -3151.819 -20667.803
24 154 04 07 9.031 -8.122 3.949 -3159.941 -20663.854

7 -3151.819 -20667.803
25 11 25 54 17.843 17.489 3.536 -3134.330 -20664.267

1 -3115.530 -20675.656
26 23 45 59 26.723 24.457 10.770 -3091.073 -20664.886

66
 NDCDB Measure
BKL N/S E/W N/S E/W ∆ Latid ∆ Depart Vector Displacement Status
17 -3109.717 -20599.195 -3109.786 -20599.158 0.069 -0.037 √(0.069)² +(-0.037)² = 0.078 Refix
19 -3134.090 -20595.269 -3134.152 -20595.293 0.062 0.024 √(0.062)² +(0.024)² = 0.066 Refix
21 -3157.163 -20603.442 -3157.171 -20603.443 0.008 0.001 √(0.008)² +(0.001)² = 0.008 OK
22 -3172.159 -20608.753 -3172.159 -20608.753 0.000 0.000 √(0.000)² +(0.000)² = 0.000 Fixed
23 -3172.319 -20665.213 -3172.362 -20665.234 -0.043 -0.021 √(-0.043)² +(-0.021)² =0.048 OK
24 -3159.900 -20663.855 -3159.941 -20663.854 -0.041 0.001 √(-0.041)² +(0.001)² = 0.041 OK
25 -3134.285 -20664.245 -3134.330 -20664.267 -0.045 -0.022 √(-0.045)² +(-0.022)² = 0.050 OK
26 -3091.049 -20664.905 -3091.073 -20664.886 -0.024 0.019 √(-0.024)² +(0.019)² = 0.031 OK
16 -3090.958 -20632.711 -3090.99 -20632.704 -0.032 0.007 √(-0.032)² +(0.007)² = 0.033 OK
15 -3090.872 -20602.231 -3090.925 -20602.230 -0.053 0.001 √(-0.053)² +(0.001)² = 0.053 Refix

67
5.4.6 Offset for Refixation

 Line 4 – BKL 15

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 15
BKL 17 170 50 56 19.088 -18.845 3.036
4 348 51 44 21.053 20.656 -4.067
BKL 15 150 21 06 2.084 1.811 -1.031

 Line 4 – BKL 17

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 17
BKL 19 170 50 56 24.687 -24.373 3.926
5 331 54 56 19 928 17.582 -9.382
4 02 53 46 27. 483 27.448 1.389
BKL 17 168 51 44 21.053 20.657 -40.668

 Line 5 – BKL 19

Station Bearing Distance Latid Depart

BKL 19
BKL 22 199 30 16 24.478 -23.073 -8.173
6 203 46 51 10.596 -9.696 -4.273
5 03 28 57 50.444 50.351 3.064
BKL 19 151 54 56 19.928 17.581 -9.381

68
5.5 Area Comparison

Lot 13506
Coordinate
Line Bearing Distance S W
15 89 50 16 30.480 -3090.925 -20602.230
17 170 50 56 19.088 -3109.786 -20599.158
19 170 50 56 24.687 -3134.152 -20595.293
25 269 50 16 68.976 -3134.330 -20664.267
26 359 07 36 43.241 -3091.073 -20664.886
16 89 50 16 32.194 -3090.99 -20632.704
Total Distance = 218.666
Linear Misclosure = 1:237888 Area = 2846.091 m²

Lot 13512
Coordinate
Line Bearing Distance S W
19 89 50 16 68.976 -3134.152 -20595.293
21 199 30 16 24.478 -3157.171 -20603.443
22 199 30 16 15.908 -3172.159 -20608.753
23 269 50 16 56.460 -3172.362 -20665.234
24 06 14 36 12.493 -3159.941 -20663.854
25 359 07 36 25.618 -3134.330 -20664.267
Total Distance = 203.933
Linear Misclosure = 1:228637 Area = 2365 m²

Formula to Calculate The Difference Percentage Area:

 Lot 13506

= ([Area Lot (Traverse) / Area Lot (Precom)] x 100) – 100%

= ([2846.091 / 2846.125]) x 100) – 100%
= -0.0012%

69
 Lot 13512

= ([Area Lot (Traverse) / Area Lot (Precom)] x 100) – 100%

= ([2365.349 / 2365.387]) x 100) – 100%
= -0.0016%

Table 5.4
Result of Area Comparison
Lot Pre Comp New Different Percentages
1 2846.125 2846.091 0.034 Under 5%
2 2365.387 2365.349 0.038 Under 5%

Based on the result in the table 5.4 above the different between pre-comp and
NEW calculation are show a few different value. According to JUPEM, the different
between it should not be above 5%. If it not below 5%, it might be have error during
perform the calculation.

5.7 Final Product

This plan was produced by the drafter before it can be submit to JUPEM together
with the 16 ASCII files. The final product is the certified plan that show the final lot of
the subdivision in A3 size. All information of the plan need to show such as title, scale,
area, new number of the lot , bearing and distance as a guideline and was follow the
requirement that need to do the subdivision on the lot 13506 and 13512. It was scale in
1:750 which is the suitable scale for the lot to make sure it clear to print. Figure 5.5
below shows the certified plan as a final product in this project.

70
Figure 5.5 Certified Plan (AutoCAD 2007, 2018)

71
 CHAPTER SIX
CONCLUSION

This chapter explained conclusion about the project and a comment about this
industrial training. A suggestion was prepared to help improving the work.

6.1 Comment

A lot of commitment is required in doing Cadastral Survey project so that it can

be completed within given time. High accuracy work is needed in doing cadastral
survey work as it involved people and law. If it done carelessly, a problem may rise in
the future and the surveyor can be sued. Through this project, lot of new things was
obtained such as implantation of new boundary mark with the surveyor guidance. The
method used during this project also differ than in university. Besides, more experience
of real life survey job was obtained including fieldwork and data processing.

6.2 Suggestion

Firstly, the student should be train more about fieldwork. The duration provided
by UiTM is not enough for the student to master the fieldwork. It should be extended
so that the student can master the fieldwork and put it for practice in the future. UiTM
also should provide more instrument that is in good condition so that the student can
avoid delay in their work and taking turns with other class. The student also should be
more creative in plotting the plan. Student also need to be disclosed more about modern
knowledge, technologies and techniques in surveying so that they can adapt themselves
at work.

72
6.3 Conclusion

In conclusion, Cadastral Survey work need good time management and high
commitment to achieve high accuracy. This project managed to achieve all of that with
the linear misclosure of 1:46825 using datum of 1 solar observation and 2 boundary
mark. After my involvement in this project, I can concluded that Cadastral Survey work
is complicated work as it requires high accuracy and precision that satisfied the DSMM.
The main purpose of this cadastral survey is to make sure all the boundary mark of
assigned lot is in the same position as in the title produced. Every error must be adjusted
by applying correction so that is does not overlap with other lot. High precision work
also help in keeping good relationship with the land lord. The surveyor and chainman
also teach us in applying some faster method in doing the survey work which is one of
the useful experience gained.

73
REFERENCES

Abdul Muiz Yazid. (2018). Personal Communication. Project Manager Jurukur Zenith.
Federal Register. (2018). Retrieved from palmettohistory: www.palmettohistory.org
Foo Chee Yong . (2018). Surveyor. Jurukur Zenith.
James Brooke. (2018). Retrieved from Engineering Training:
www.engineeringtraining.tpub.com
Ng Yoon Fai. (2018). Surveyor. Jurukur Zenith.
Sr Mohamad Azril Che Aziz. (2018). Personal Communication, Supervisor. Arau,
Perlis: Universiti Teknologi Mara.
Sr Mohd Adhar Abd Samad, Sr Mohamad Azril Che Aziz, Sr Hj Ahmad Nadzari
Yahaya. (2015). Introduction to Cadastral Survey. First Edition. Arau, Perlis:
Universiti Teknologi Mara.

74