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    LIDAR Imaging System

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    Wolf Ash
    LIDAR uses pulsed laser light and time-of-flight measurements to construct 3D maps of a vehicle's surroundings. It is a key sensor for self-driving vehicles, as it can detect objects at both short and long ranges with high resolution. LIDAR transmits laser pulses that reflect off objects and return to the sensor, allowing the sensor to calculate distances to create a 3D point cloud map. This document discusses the development of LIDAR systems for autonomous vehicles and the push for solid-state LIDAR to meet demands for long range, high resolution, and daytime performance.

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    LIDAR Imaging System

    Uploaded by

    Wolf Ash
    31 views2 pages
    LIDAR uses pulsed laser light and time-of-flight measurements to construct 3D maps of a vehicle's surroundings. It is a key sensor for self-driving vehicles, as it can detect objects at both short and long ranges with high resolution. LIDAR transmits laser pulses that reflect off objects and return to the sensor, allowing the sensor to calculate distances to create a 3D point cloud map. This document discusses the development of LIDAR systems for autonomous vehicles and the push for solid-state LIDAR to meet demands for long range, high resolution, and daytime performance.

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    Seminar synposis on LIDAR Imaging System for Self-Driving Ground Vehicles

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    LIDAR uses pulsed laser light and time-of-flight measurements to construct 3D maps of a vehicle's surroundings. It is a key sensor for self-driving vehicles, as it can detect objects at both short and long ranges with high resolution. LIDAR transmits laser pulses that reflect off objects and return to the sensor, allowing the sensor to calculate distances to create a 3D point cloud map. This document discusses the development of LIDAR systems for autonomous vehicles and the push for solid-state LIDAR to meet demands for long range, high resolution, and daytime performance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views2 pages

    LIDAR Imaging System

    Uploaded by

    Wolf Ash
    LIDAR uses pulsed laser light and time-of-flight measurements to construct 3D maps of a vehicle's surroundings. It is a key sensor for self-driving vehicles, as it can detect objects at both short and long ranges with high resolution. LIDAR transmits laser pulses that reflect off objects and return to the sensor, allowing the sensor to calculate distances to create a 3D point cloud map. This document discusses the development of LIDAR systems for autonomous vehicles and the push for solid-state LIDAR to meet demands for long range, high resolution, and daytime performance.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    SYNOPSIS

    LIDAR Imaging System for Self-Driving Ground Vehicles


    LIDAR (an acronym of light detection and ranging) imaging system is one of the hottest topics in
    the optronic industry. The need to sense the surroundings of every autonomous vehicle has pushed
    forward a race dedicated to deciding the final solution to be implemented.
    LIDAR transmits a beam of light pulse from a rotating mirror, part of that light will reflect back
    to the sensor to detect any non-absorbing object or surface. The target distance is calculated as
    speed of light times the measured time period at multiple angles. It scans the field of view in 3D
    with a finite spatial resolution and frequency. Using the calculated distance, the sensor constructs
    a 3D map of the world including the objects around it. LIDAR uses infrared (IR), visible or
    ultraviolet (UV) waves of the electromagnetic spectrum for different applications and comes in
    various1D, 2D and 3D configurations. A high-end LIDAR sensor can measure multiple distances
    per laser pulse which is helpful to see through dust, rain and mostly transparent surfaces such as
    glass windows and porous object like wire fences. To reduce the signal to noise ratio, a higher
    power laser generation is desired but in order to prevent damage to the human eye, a laser power
    of 905nm is used to achieve desired range with low duty cycle.

    Fig 1. 3D LIDAR components, data and generated map by one of Google’s self-driving cars
    Fig 2. Google’s self-driving cars
    In the late years, LIDAR has progressed from a useful measurement technique suitable for studies
    of atmospheric aerosols and aerial mapping, towards a kind of new Holy Grail in optomechanical
    engineering and optoelectronics. Lidar has been a well-known measurement technique since the
    past century, with established publications and a dense bibliography corpus. Lidar stands on a
    simple working principle based on counting the time between events in magnitudes carried out by
    light, such as e.g., back scattered energy from a pulsed beam. From these time measurements, the
    speed of light in air is used to compute distances or to perform mapping. Quite logically, this is
    referred to as the time-of-flight (TOF) principle. Remote sensing has been one of the paramount
    applications of the technology, either from ground-based stations (e.g., for aerosol monitoring) or
    as aerial or space-borne instrumentation, typically for Earth observation applications in different
    wavebands.
    The rush towards the autonomous car and robotic vehicles has forced the requirements of lidar
    sensors into new directions from those of remote sensing. Lidar imaging systems for automotive
    require a combination of long-range, high spatial resolution, real-time performance and tolerance
    to solar background in the daytime, which has pushed the technology to its limits. Different
    specifications with different working principles have appeared for different possible usage cases,
    including short and long-range, or narrow and wide fields of view. Rotating lidar imagers were the
    first to achieve the required performances, using a rotating wheel configuration at high speed and
    multiple stacked detectors. It was soon obvious that different lidar sensors were required to cover
    all the needs of the future self-driving car, e.g., to cover short and long-range 3D imaging with
    different needs regarding fields of view. , the uses of such a sensor in other markets, such as
    robotics or defense applications, has raised a quest for the final solid-state lidar, in which different
    competing approaches and systems have been proposed, a new proposal of set-up appears
    frequently, and a patent family even more frequently.

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