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    INF1511 - Chapter 6 - File Handling

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    Rofhiwa Ramahala
    This document contains revision notes on file handling, exception handling, raising exceptions, and assert statements in Python. It discusses the different types of files (text, binary, pickled), how to open and access files, and common file methods. Exception handling with try/except and try/finally statements is explained to catch errors. Custom exceptions can be raised with raise. The assert statement is used to check variable values are correct.

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    INF1511 - Chapter 6 - File Handling

    Uploaded by

    Rofhiwa Ramahala
    53 views2 pages
    This document contains revision notes on file handling, exception handling, raising exceptions, and assert statements in Python. It discusses the different types of files (text, binary, pickled), how to open and access files, and common file methods. Exception handling with try/except and try/finally statements is explained to catch errors. Custom exceptions can be raised with raise. The assert statement is used to check variable values are correct.

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    This document contains revision notes on file handling, exception handling, raising exceptions, and assert statements in Python. It discusses the different types of files (text, binary, pickled), how to open and access files, and common file methods. Exception handling with try/except and try/finally statements is explained to catch errors. Custom exceptions can be raised with raise. The assert statement is used to check variable values are correct.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    53 views2 pages

    INF1511 - Chapter 6 - File Handling

    Uploaded by

    Rofhiwa Ramahala
    This document contains revision notes on file handling, exception handling, raising exceptions, and assert statements in Python. It discusses the different types of files (text, binary, pickled), how to open and access files, and common file methods. Exception handling with try/except and try/finally statements is explained to catch errors. Custom exceptions can be raised with raise. The assert statement is used to check variable values are correct.

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    INF 1511 – Revision notes – Chapter 6

    1. File Handling
    A file is a container for a sequence of data objects, represented as sequences of bytes.
    The following are the three types of files in Python;

    Text files are encoded and stored in a format that is viewable by many programs as
    well as people. Text files are difficult to update in place.

    Binary files are formatted to optimize processing speed. A binary file will typically place
    data at known offsets, making it possible to access any particular byte using the seek()
    method.

    Pickled files are formatted to store objects. The objects are stored in binary format to
    optimize performance.

    Opening a file

    Open (file_name, mode)

    The mode specified determines the actions that will be taken when the file is opened e.g.
    reading, writing, appending etc. Note the different modes on page 174 of the textbook.

    Once the file is opened, several methods (actions) can be invoked including write, read, close
    etc. check the full list of methods in the textbook on page 175 and 185.

    2. Exception Handling

    Exception handling is used in programing to catch errors that may occur whilst a program is
    executed so that an error that can be understood by a user is displayed.

    The try/except statement is used to execute code in the try block, should an error (exception)
    be encountered, the code for handling the exception is executed (usually information
    displayed for the user), the else statement(s) are executed when the try statements do not
    raise an error.
    try:
    statement(s)
    except SomeException:
    code for handling exception
    [else:
    statement(s)]

    The try/finally statement is used to handle an error by executing code in the finally statement.
    The code in the finally statement is executed regardless of whether the statements in the try
    section are successful or not. This statement is usually used to ensure that some action is
    taken whether the try statement(s) succeed or not, e.g. closing a file or collecting garbage
    try:
    statement(s)
    finally:
    statement(s)

    3. Raising an exception
    The exceptions raised by Python include execution (runtime) errors such as dividing by 0 or
    trying to open a file that does not exist etc. if for example you are writing code for a business
    rule that says a manager can only travel once a month on business trips, and you want to raise
    an exception when a second trip is captured, then the following code can be used to raise an
    exception;

    try:
    if condition:
    raise customException, statement for customException
    except customException, e:
    statements for customException

    The if condition would in this case check if the manager has travelled already in the current
    month.

    4. The Assert Statement


    The assert statement is used to check that the values in variables are correct, e.g. a numerical
    value is entered and not a string. The syntax of the statement is as follows;

    Assert (variable comparison)

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