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    Design A Program For Prevention of Infectious Disease

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    Mazin
    This document discusses designing a program for the prevention of infectious diseases. It addresses smallpox eradication through mass vaccination and malaria prevention through vector control methods like DDT and identifying and treating the Plasmodium parasite and Anopheles mosquito vector. It also discusses monitoring and evaluation of prevention programs, focusing on measuring effectiveness, efficiency and addressing problems that arise during implementation.

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    Design A Program For Prevention of Infectious Disease

    Uploaded by

    Mazin
    20 views22 pages
    This document discusses designing a program for the prevention of infectious diseases. It addresses smallpox eradication through mass vaccination and malaria prevention through vector control methods like DDT and identifying and treating the Plasmodium parasite and Anopheles mosquito vector. It also discusses monitoring and evaluation of prevention programs, focusing on measuring effectiveness, efficiency and addressing problems that arise during implementation.

    Original Description:

    Community Lecture

    Original Title

    ID-CM L2

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    This document discusses designing a program for the prevention of infectious diseases. It addresses smallpox eradication through mass vaccination and malaria prevention through vector control methods like DDT and identifying and treating the Plasmodium parasite and Anopheles mosquito vector. It also discusses monitoring and evaluation of prevention programs, focusing on measuring effectiveness, efficiency and addressing problems that arise during implementation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views22 pages

    Design A Program For Prevention of Infectious Disease

    Uploaded by

    Mazin
    This document discusses designing a program for the prevention of infectious diseases. It addresses smallpox eradication through mass vaccination and malaria prevention through vector control methods like DDT and identifying and treating the Plasmodium parasite and Anopheles mosquito vector. It also discusses monitoring and evaluation of prevention programs, focusing on measuring effectiveness, efficiency and addressing problems that arise during implementation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    Design a program for prevention of infectious disease

    Host
    Is there similar
    situation in Iraq?
    Where?

    Enumerate health
    hazards in the
    picture?
    Smallpox Eradication:
    Virus,
    Method of transmission:

    MASS VACCINATION
    Smallpox
    Malaria
    • Vector-borne disease
    • Agent: Plasmodium parasite
    • Vector: Anopheles mosquito
    Vector
    Breeding!!
    Vector? Getting rid of
    vector

    DDT a revolutionary
    technology for malaria
    control?
    • Simplicity
    • Potency
    • Residual action
    • Safety
    • Cost effectiveness
    • Transferability
    • DDT disrupts the endocrine system and bioaccumulates up
    the food chain
    • Impact on birds
    • Probably carcinogenic in humans
    • Broader critique of modern technology disrupting the
    “balance of nature”: ecology becomes political
    • Use of DDT and other pesticides was out of control by the
    1960s
    Case identification FEVER blood film to show the parasite
    Identification of vector
    Treatment
    Malaria eradication Program:
    Preparatory phase 1 year
    Attack phase 4 years
    Consolidation phase varies
    Maintaince phase varies
    Hydatid cyst
    The pictures reflect the
    environmental situation in the
    Baghdad (or any other city in Iraq.
    Do you thing the situation will
    enhance the control and
    prevention of hydatidosis?
    HBV

    Most common means of transmission:


    unprotected sex,
    sharing needles when injecting drugs,
    from mother to baby around the time of birth
    Less common means of transmission:
    unscreened blood or blood products,
    accidental needle stick/blood exposure in healthcare settings,
    household/close contact particularly in early childhood,
    sharing razors or toothbrushes
    Vaccination
    Screening blood before transfusion
    individuals
    Monitoring and evaluation of a program

    Monitoring and evaluation are essential management


    tools which help to ensure that health activities are
    implemented as planned and to assess whether desired
    results are being achieved.

    • Monitoring:
    1. To provide concurrent feedback on the progress of
    activities
    2.To identify the problems in their implementation
    3.To take corrective action

    Evaluation:
    To assess whether the desired results of a programme
    have been achieved if not how it should be redesigned
    19
    GOBIFFF
    immunization
    Program administrative part
    Expanded Program for Immunization EPI
    Doses
    Cold chain
    Stores
    Administration of vaccine (physician, nurse, health worker …etc.)
    Effectiveness: is doing the right activity
    it is the ratio of output to activity

    Efficiency: is doing the activity right


    it is the ratio of activity to input
    Evaluating the Effectiveness of Childhood
    Vaccination Programs
    • For most childhood vaccine-preventable diseases, infection results in
    immediate morbidity and mortality
    Polio acute flaccid paralysis

    Measles febrile rash illness

    Hib meningitis
    • Traditionally, effectiveness of vaccination programs based on
    surveillance for acute disease

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