Air filter pressure

The function monitors how clogged the air filter is and informs the operator when it is time to change it or if there is a system malfunction.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Air filter pressure, High negative pressure (blocked filter) Amber central warning
SE208

Monitoring, SE208 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

APS II
The function controls shifting based on current operating mode as to which gear should be used and when shifting should take place to protect the
transmission.
The mode selector SW412 has two ranges "MANUAL" and "AUTOMATIC".

Figure 1
Mode selector SW412
Within "MANUAL" in position "MAN", gears are shifted manually.
Within "AUTOMATIC", there are four positions for selection of shifting program, "LIGHT position 1, LIGHT position 2, (Normal), HEAVY", that the
operator can choose between depending on operating conditions.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Mode selector, SW412 Mode selector in position MAN Gears are shifted manually with gear selector
Gear selector travel direction, Mode selector in range AUTOMATIC Directional gear F, N, R
SW402 LIGHT position 1 Speed gear 1, 2, 3, 4
Gear selector, SW401B LIGHT position 2 Engine speed limitation
Transmission disengagement, (Normal) Kick-down
SW411 HEAVY Warning overspeed transmission
Kick-down steering column, Transmission disengagement in Transmission disengagement
SW401C position On
Kick-down lever steering, SW410 Engine brake in position On Engine brake (downshifting)
Kick-down lever console, SW405
Kick-down activated Kick-down
Engine brake, SW406
Travel speed < 9 km/h (5.6 mph)
Engine speed, SE201
Travel speed, SE403 Incorrect input signal from APS II Amber central warning
Engine speed relationship System selects LIGHT position
1
Acknowledgement by turning off
machine
Mode selector in position MAN
Travel speed gears are shifted manually with gear selector SW401B to the desired gear position 1-4.
Directional gear is shifted manually with gear selector SW402 to the desired gear position F-N-R.
Engine brake (downshifting) is activated with SW406.
Kick-down is activated with SW401C or SW405 or SW410.
Transmission disengagement is activated with SW402.
Directional gear
When shifting from N (neutral) to F or R, the travel speed gear is changed from selected gear to engaged gear according to the following:
Selected - Travel speed
Engaged gear
1-2 > 9 km/h (5.6 mph)
1-3 > 16 km/h (9.9 mph)
1-4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
2-3 > 16 km/h (9.9 mph)
2-4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
3-4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
Figure 2
Mode selector SW412
Mode selector set in range AUTOMATIC, automatic shifting
Start
When starting from stationary machine with gear selector in position 3 or 4, directional gear F or R is selected and the machine starts in 2nd gear.
When machine is rolling, starting takes place in 3rd gear, according to table.
Travel speed (Rpm output shaft) Starting
gear
> 7 km/h (4.3 mph) (458 rpm) 3
Changing travel direction
Change of travel direction at lower travel speed takes place in 2nd gear. If travel speed is too high, 3rd gear is engaged first and then, when the
machine is stationary, 2nd gear acts according to the table below.
Gear Travel speed conditions
2 <= 15 km/h (9.3 mph)
3 > 15 km/h (9.3 mph)
3-2 0 km/h (0 mph)
Manual travel speed shifting with SW401B and mode selector SW412 in AUTOMATIC range
When shifting manually from one travel speed gear to another gear, the gear is changed from Selected gearto Obtained gear according to travel
speed conditions in the table below.
Selected Gear Obtained gear Travel speed conditions
1 2 > 9 km/h (5.6 mph)
1 3 > 16 km/h (9.9 mph)
1 4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
2 3 > 16 km/h (9.9 mph)
2 4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
3 2 < 16 km/h (9.9 mph) and depending on
3 3 upshift and downshift conditions, see below.
3 4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
4 2 < 16 km/h (9.9 mph)and depending on
3 upshift and downshift conditions, see below.
4
4 3 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph) and depending on
4 upshift and downshift conditions, see below.
4 4 > 34 km/h (21.1 mph)
Automatic shifting
Shifting is automatic. Conditions for shifting are combinations of mode selector's (SW412) setting, engine speed and the machine's travel speed.
Automatic shifting takes place between gears,
Forward: 2nd – 3rd – 4th and Reverse: 2nd – 3rd – 4th.
Downshiftingto 1st does not take place until kick-down has been activated with any of the kick-down controls by the steering column, lever
console or lever steering (if lever steering is installed).
Upshiftingto 2nd takes place on further activation of any of the Kick-down controls or if certain critical engine speed and travel speed limits are
exceeded.
The gearshifting points vary depending on whether the engine is pulling or retarding.
At least 1 second must pass between two up- or downshifts. The time between an upshift and a downshift (or opposite) must be at least 3
seconds.
Shifting programs
LIGHT position 1, shifting at low engine speed
LIGHT position 2, shifting at slightly higher engine speed than in position 1
(Normal), shifting at slightly higher engine speed than in position 2
HEAVY, shifting at slightly higher engine speed than in position
Kick-down
Kick-down means downshifting to 1st gear by activating the kick-down function on the gear selector control or on the control lever carrier. The
actual downshift to 1st gear depends on the mode selector setting, the engine and travel speeds.
1st gear will be engaged if the machine is travelling at a sufficiently low speed or if travel speed is sufficiently low, 5 km/h (3.1 mph), within eight
seconds of kick-down being activated. When 1st gear is engaged it will be indicated by a short beep from the buzzer.
In order to upshift to 2nd gear again, the kick-down button must be activated once more.
Changing travel direction
Changing travel direction at lower speeds takes place in 2nd gear. If travel speed is too high, 3rd gear is engaged first and then, when travel
speed has been reduced, 2nd gear is engaged.
Engine retarding / downshifting
2nd gear is the basic gear and the gear in which the machine always starts when operating in gear position 3 or 4. Engine braking takes place
when the throttle is fully released and engine braking/downshifting button SW406 is pressed. Downshifting then takes place in steps, one gear
each time the button is pressed, from 4th to 3rd and, if the button is pressed again, from 3rd to 2nd if travel speed is below 22 km/h (13.6 mph).
Additional downshifting to 1st gear, see kick-down.
If the engine retarding/downshifting button SW406 is kept pressed in while pressing down the throttle pedal, upshifting is prevented.
NOTE!
As a safety feature, upshifting to a higher gear takes place if certain critical engine and travel speeds are exceeded.

Back-up alarm
The function informs bystanders and others that the machine is reversing.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Directional Directional gear in position Reverse Reversing alarm SE
gear 803
Boom Suspension System (BSS)
The purpose of the function is to activate and deactivate the boom suspension system and to inform the operator about activation or if there is a
system malfunction.
Switch SW907 is used to activate the Boom Suspension System while switch SW908 is used to select speed-dependent or gear-dependent Boom
Suspension. The Boom Suspension System is engaged following the conditions in the following table.
Whether boom suspension is engaged or disengaged can be seen on the information display unit under the HYDRAULICS function group, see
[Invalid linktarget].
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Boom suspension Travel speed dependent: Activation of boom suspension system
system, SW907 in activated mode (boom suspension system control lamp on) Information display "HYDRAULICS"
SW907 SW908 in Boom Suspension System travel speed dependent mode [T1] BSS ON
Boom suspension Engine On
system-, Travel speed > 6 km/h (3.7 mph)
SW908 Deactivation if one of the following conditions is fulfilled: Disengagement Boom Suspension System
Engine On/Off Directional gear in position F and travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) Information display "HYDRAULICS"
 Travel speed, Directional gear in position R and travel speed < 2 km/h (1.2 mph) BSS OFF
SE403 Directional gear in position N and travel speed < 2 km/h (1.2 mph)
Kick-down Gear dependent: Activation of boom suspension system
Directional gear SW907 in activated mode (Boom Suspension System control lamp on) (a) Information display "HYDRAULICS"
Active gear SW908 in Boom Suspension System gear-dependent mode BSS ON
Engine On
Gear not in position F1 or R1
Kick-down not requested
Deactivation if one of the following conditions is fulfilled: Disengagement Boom Suspension System
Gear in position F1 or R1 Information display "HYDRAULICS"
Kick-down requested BSS OFF
Monitoring, RE7 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber central warning

[T1]The control lamp shines constantly when the function is activated.

Brake pressure
The function monitors the brake pressure and informs the operator if the brake pressure is too low.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Brake pressure, Low brake pressure < 90 bar (1305 psi) Warning lamp
SE502 Engine Off
Engine On/Off Low brake pressure < 90 bar (1305 psi) Red central warning
Directional gear Engine On

According to above as well as: Buzzer

Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Brake pressure charging
The function controls the brake pressure charging and warns the operator if there is a system malfunction.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
 Brake charging pressure, SE504 Low brake charging pressure < 120 bar (1740 psi) Brake pressure charging, MA502
Accumulator brake pressure Engine On
SE502
Engine On/Off
Directional gear

Engine running and low brake charging pressure < 120 bar Control lamp
(1740 psi) for 60 seconds Red central warning
or
Recurrent low brake charging pressure with a frequency of
0.5 seconds for 20 seconds
or
Low accumulator brake pressure < 90 bar (1305 psi) and
simultaneous brake charging pressure > 120 bar (1740
psi)
According to above as well as: Buzzer
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Brake test
This function calculates the machine's retarding ability to obtain information on the condition of the brakes.
The brake test can be performed when the machine is driven at a travel speed of > 20 km/h (12.4 mph). Retardation is calculated and the
measurement result and average brake pressure are on shown on the display panel.
If the measurement is not approved, no measurement results are shown on the display panel.
When the travel speed exceeds 10 km/h (6.2 mph) for the first time after finished test, the test result disappears until a new test has been
performed.
The latest three approved measurements are saved for presentation in the service display unit.
NOTE!
The measurement result is strongly dependent on the road surface and the road gradient.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output fun
Brake test display Brake test display should be open Buzzer
 Travel speed, SE403 Travel speed >20 km/h (12.4 mph) when measurement is started; short signal from buzzer when the speed is
Output brake exceeded.
pressure, Retardation is calculated from the time it takes from 15 - 5 km/h (9.3 - 3.1 mph) when braking and can be max. 8 m/s2
SE 501
Central lubrication
The function engages central lubrication and prevents unnecessary lubrication of the machine, for example, when the machine is idling with the
gear selector in Neutral.
To ensure lubrication even in the event of a lack of a signal, such as due to a break in the cable, the signal to the central lubrication is inverted, in
other words no signal activates the central lubrication.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Directional Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position Activation of central lubrication
gear Engine On
Engine On/Off
Communication with data buses

Figure 1
Communication
I-ECU Instrument
control unit
V-ECU Vehicle control
unit
IA Service socket
for service
display unit
General
The machine electronics are based on the principle that all communication between control units takes place via two data buses.
The machine's two control units are connected to the buses so that they can communicate with each other.
The different control units communicate with each other and report to the service sockets on data buses CAN/J1939 and J1708/J1587.
The buses conform to SAE standards and consist of two pair-twisted cables. The purpose of the twisted cabling is to protect the bus from electrical
interference.
If a malfunction should occur in a system, a signal is sent out on the information bus, making it possible to read off the information on the
operator's instruments or via the service display unit or VCADS Pro.
The illustration shows the principle on which the control units and service sockets are connected to the buses.
CAN/J1939 control bus
System control signals are sent via this bus. The control bus is very fast, which is a prerequisite for the control of the entire system to function
and quickly adjust to varying operating conditions.
The primary communication alternative is the CAN/J1939 bus.
J1708/J1587 information bus
The information bus is connected to the control units and service sockets. Information and diagnostics signals are sent on this bus.
The bus also functions as a "back-up" for the control bus, if it should fail for some reason.
The system status is continuously updated and available for reading by way of the information bus.

Control units, software functions

The following describes the conditions for the control functions that the software performs in the control units.
The functions are divided according to the following two-digit function group levels.
. 2 Engine
. 22 Lubrication and oil system
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. 23 Fuel system
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. 25 Inlet and exhaust system
 · [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 26 Cooling system
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 27 Engine controls
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 3 Electrical system
. 31 Battery
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. 32 Starting system
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. 36 Other electrical equipment
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· [Invalid linktarget]
. 38 Instruments and warning system
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 4 Power transmission
. 42 Hydraulically controlled transmission
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· [Invalid linktarget]
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· [Invalid linktarget]
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 . 46 Drive axles
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. 5 Brakes
. 52 Hydraulic brake system
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 52 Parking brake
· [Invalid linktarget]
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 6 Steering
. 64 Steering
· [Invalid linktarget]
. 9 Hydraulic system
. 91 Hydraulic system
· [Invalid linktarget]
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. 99 Miscellaneous
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Coolant temperature, engine
The function monitors the engine coolant temperature and informs the operator if the temperature is too high or if there is a system malfunction.
The Engine Shut Down function, which limits engine speed to 900 rpm, will be engaged if the coolant temperature is high, see [Invalid linktarget].
The coolant temperature is also used as an input signal for:
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Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Coolant temperature, engine, High coolant temperature > 103 °C (217 °F) Warning lamp
SE205 The alarm remains active until the coolant temperature has dropped to < 102 The gauge increases the readi
Directional gear °C (216 °F) the red area.
Red central warning
 Engine Shut Down
According to above as well as: Buzzer
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Coolant temperature, outlet, radiator
The function monitors the coolant temperature after the radiator and warns the operator if there is a system malfunction.
The coolant temperature is used as an input signal for radiator fan control, see [Invalid linktarget].
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Coolant temperature, outlet, radiator, Signal to radiator fan control
SE210
Monitoring, SE210 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

Description of software functions table

Figure 1
Table with output function conditions
1. Signals from sensors and functions
2. Conditions for obtaining output signals. All conditions must be fulfilled (AND functions)
3. Output functions: Warnings, menu displays and signals used as input signals by other functions
4. Monitoring of concerned component for fault detection
5. Fault detection of concerned component
6. Output functions: Error display and central warning
Differential lock
The function controls engagement of the differential lock.
Engagement of the differential lock takes place with the foot switch which, via I-ECU and V-ECU, operates solenoid valve MA407. The control
lamp on the instrument panel comes on to indicate that the differential lock is engaged.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Foot switch, SW414 Foot switch in position On Differential lock MA407
Amber control lamp differential lock engaged
Monitoring, MA407 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber central warning

Downshift audible signal (beep)

The function notifies the operator that a downshift has been made to 1st gear by briefly sounding a buzzer.
Input signals Conditions for output Output
functions functions
Active gear Downshifting to 1st gear Buzzer
Electrical system, description
Figure 1
Position
1. Circuit board
2. Vehicle control unit V-ECU
3. Instrument control unit I-ECU
The machine is equipped with a 24 V electrical system having two 12-volt batteries connected in series and located on both sides of the rear
frame, behind the rear wheels.
The battery disconnect switch is located under the radiator casing.
Relays and fuses are mainly located in the electrical distribution box behind the operator's seat and can be accessed once the distribution box
cover has been opened. The inside of the cover is provided with a decal which specifies what power user (component) is connected to the
respective relay and fuse.
The components are marked according to the function group to which they belong. The first digit in the marking, i.e. SE201, indicates that the
component belongs to function group 2 (engine). Remaining digits are sequence numbers.
The machine is equipped with an electronic control system with two control units as follows:
 · Instrument control unit I-ECU is integrated with the information display unit, warning lamps and instruments and gives the operator
information by means of them.
· Vehicle control unit V-ECU processes values from sensors, operating controls and controls machine components.
For a more detailed description, see [Invalid linktarget].

Electrical system, instructions for working on

1. Fully charged and otherwise functional batteries must always be used when testing the electrical system.
2. Test the batteries with an acid tester and a cell tester. The battery disconnect switch must be turned off.
3. When installing a battery, make sure that the battery is connected with the correct polarity.
4. When replacing batteries connected in series, these must have the same capacity, for example, two 105 Ah batteries. The batteries
should be of the same age (be equally good), since the charging current required for a battery to reach a certain voltage changes with the
age of the battery.
5. If a booster battery is necessary to start the engine, the instructions in the operator's manual must be strictly followed.
See also the Safety section.
1. Before any tests are performed on alternator or regulator, the batteries and the electrical leads must be checked for insulation, poor
contacts and corrosion. Check the alternator belts. All possible defects as described above must be corrected before beginning the
electrical checks.
2. During all testing of alternating current equipment, "secure" connections must be used. A loose connection can cause destruction of both
alternator and regulator.
3. Never disconnect the alternator cables while the engine is running. This could damage both the alternator and governor.
4. Grounding of the alternator power outlet will damage the alternator and may also damage the regulator.
5. Before removing or installing components in the electrical system, the ground connection should be disconnected or the battery
disconnect switch must be turned off.
6. Before starting electric welding on the machine or attachments connected to the machine, turn off the battery disconnect switch or
disconnect the battery cable connected to ground. Connect the welding unit as close as possible to the welding point.
Electrical system, instructions for working on
1. Fully charged and otherwise functional batteries must always be used when testing the electrical system.
2. Test the batteries with an acid tester and a cell tester. The battery disconnect switch must be turned off.
3. When installing a battery, make sure that the battery is connected with the correct polarity.
4. When replacing batteries connected in series, these must have the same capacity, for example, two 105 Ah batteries. The batteries
should be of the same age (be equally good), since the charging current required for a battery to reach a certain voltage changes with the
age of the battery.
5. If a booster battery is necessary to start the engine, the instructions in the operator's manual must be strictly followed.
See also the Safety section.
 1. Before any tests are performed on alternator or regulator, the batteries and the electrical leads must be checked for insulation, poor
contacts and corrosion. Check the alternator belts. All possible defects as described above must be corrected before beginning the
electrical checks.
2. During all testing of alternating current equipment, "secure" connections must be used. A loose connection can cause destruction of both
alternator and regulator.
3. Never disconnect the alternator cables while the engine is running. This could damage both the alternator and governor.
4. Grounding of the alternator power outlet will damage the alternator and may also damage the regulator.
5. Before removing or installing components in the electrical system, the ground connection should be disconnected or the battery
disconnect switch must be turned off.
6. Before starting electric welding on the machine or attachments connected to the machine, turn off the battery disconnect switch or
disconnect the battery cable connected to ground. Connect the welding unit as close as possible to the welding point.
Engine oil pressure
The function monitors engine oil pressure and warns the operator if it is too low or if there is a system malfunction.
If engine oil pressure is too low the Engine Shut Down function is activated, limiting engine speed to 900 rpm, see [Invalid linktarget].
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine oil pressure, Low engine oil pressure Warning lamp
SE202 Alarm limits for low engine oil pressure: Red central warning
Directional gear < 80 kPa (11.6 psi) at 400 rpm for 2 seconds
< 300 kPa (43.5 psi) at 1200 rpm for 10 seconds

Engine Shut Down

According to above as well as: Buzzer
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Monitoring, SE202 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

Engine power reduction

This function protects the transmission by limiting engine speed when direction is changed.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine speed, SE201 Engine speed > requested speed from engine speed limitation APS Engine power reduction via hold (dete
Parameter engine speed limitation from APS
Engine Shut Down
This function makes limited movement of the machine possible even though the alarm level has been reached for coolant temperature, engine oil
pressure or transmission oil temperature.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine speed Setting "Engine Shut Down" selected on display panel Signal to CU201 on engine speed
High coolant temperature, SE205 If any of the following conditions are met, Engine Shut Down will be engaged: The engine is stopped at > 150
Low engine oil pressure, SE202 High coolant temperature
High transmission oil temperature, Low engine oil pressure
SE406 High transmission oil temperature
Setting "Engine Shut Down"
Engine speed for V-ECU
The function measures engine speed on the transmission input shaft and warns the operator if there is a system malfunction.
The engine speed is used for different functions in the system. It is shown in the operating display on the information display unit.
Engine On and Off are used for different functions in the system.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine speed, SE201 Machine operating Engine speed, rpm

Engine speed < 50 rpm Engine = Off

Engine speed > 300 rpm Engine = On
Monitoring, SE201 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber central warning

Er rpm

Fuel level
The function monitors the fuel level in the fuel tank and warns the operator if it is too low or if there is a system malfunction.
Low fuel level is indicated when approx. 5 litres (1.32 US gal) of fuel remain.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Fuel level, SE207 Low fuel level > 10 seconds Warning lamp
Monitoring, SE207 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

Gear selector control

The purpose of the function is to coordinate the three gear selectors for travel direction and inform the operator which control is active or if there is
a system malfunction.
The three gear selectors for travel direction (Forward/Reverse) are located on the steering column, lever console and armrest lever steering
(CDC).
To coordinate the three Kick-down controls steering column, lever console and lever steering (CDC).
The function means that shiftingForward/Reversecan be performed with gear selector located on the steering column, lever console or armrest,
depending on which control is active. kick-down can be activated with any of the three kick-down controls. In order to obtain kick-down from the
armrest control, the armrest must be lowered and lever steering activated.
Priority of the gear selectors means that if a gear selector with higher priority than the active gear selector is activated, the gear selector with lower
priority is deactivated.

Input signals Conditions for output functions

Gear selector steering column, Activation of lever console (F/R):
SW401B Gear selector steering column in position N
Gear selector lever steering in position N
Gear selector lever steering, SW409 Travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) (Off)
Engine On
Gear selector lever console, SW404 Armrest in Off position (raised)
Gear selector F/R lever console in position N
Activation lever console, SW403 Control activation F/R lever console in position On
Attempt to activate lever console (F/R) when lever steering (CDC) is active:
Activation lever steering, SW408 Control activation F/R lever console in position On

Kick-down steering column, SW401C

Deactivation of lever console (F/R) takes place if any of the following functions are activated:
Kick-down lever console, SW405
Gear selector steering column in position F or R
 Engine Off and travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) (Off)
Kick-down lever steering, SW410 Armrest lowered and lever steering activation control in On position (see Activation of lever steering when lever
(F/R) is active)
Armrest, SW407 Activation of lever steering (CDC):
Gear selector steering column in position N
Engine On/Off Gear selector lever steering in position N
Travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) (Off)
Travel speed Engine On
Armrest lowered
Control activation lever steering in position On
Activation of lever steering when lever console (F/R) is active:
Gear selector steering column in position N
Gear selector lever steering in position N
Travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) (Off)
Engine On
Armrest lowered
Control activation lever steering in position On
Deactivation of lever steering takes place if any of the following functions are activated:
Gear selector steering column in position F or R
Armrest raised
Engine speed < 50 rpm and travel speed < 5 km/h (3.1 mph)
Activation of kick-down if any of the following functions are activated:
Control Kick-down steering column
Control Kick-down lever console
Control Kick-down lever steering (if lever steering is activated)
Monitoring, SW401B System malfunction, incorrect signal combination

Monitoring, SW404 System malfunction, simultaneous F and R signals

Monitoring, SW409 System malfunction, simultaneous F and R signals

Gearshifting solenoids
The gearshifting solenoids are controlled according to shifting program for gear engagement. In case of system malfunction, operator is informed.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Selected gear from Shifting solenoids S1-S5 are controlled according to the shifting program Gear F
V-ECU Gear R
Gear 1
Gear 2
Gear 3
Gear 4
Monitoring S1-S5 System malfunction, break or short circuit S1-S5 Amber central warning

Hydraulic oil level

The function monitors the hydraulic oil level and informs the operator if it has dropped below the allowed level, and if there is a system
malfunction.
NOTE!
The level switch is connected in series with the temperature sensor.
Input signals Conditions for Output
output functions
functions
Hydraulic Low Warning
oil hydraul lamp
level, ic oil Red central
SE906 level warnin
Directional for 2 g
gear second
s
 According to Buzzer
above as well
as:
Directional
gear in
Forwar
d or
Revers
e
position
Monitoring, System Amber
SE906 malfun central
ction, warnin
signal g
beyond [T1]
limits

[T1]The information display is common to system malfunctions regarding the hydraulic oil level and hydraulic oil temperature.
Hydraulic oil temperature
The function monitors the hydraulic oil temperature and notifies the operator if the temperature is too high or if there is a system malfunction.
Hydraulic oil temperature is used as an input signal for radiator fan control, see [Invalid linktarget].
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Hydraulic oil temperature, High hydraulic oil temperature for 2 seconds Red central warning
SE906
Directional gear

According to above as well as: Buzzer

Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Instrument control unit I-ECU, functional description
The instrument control unit is integrated with the main instrument and receives information by way of the data bus. The information is processed
and shown on gauges, with control lamps, warning lamps and the information display unit.
Figure 1
Instrument control unit with information display unit
Functions
Values for gear position, machine hours as well as status values for parking brake and warning messages are processed and result in a
number of display figures on the information display unit.

Figure 2
Keypad for information display unit
Special warnings, such as central warnings, low engine oil pressure are detected and the corresponding warning lamp is activated.
Values for transmission oil temperature, coolant temperature and fuel level are shown on gauges.
Setting of display alternatives and parameter alternatives for information display unit
Storage and display of operating hours
Inputs and outputs
Digital input Control unit Digital output
Work lights front SW303 Work lights LC7
Work lights rear SW304 Charging LC3
Direction indicators RF1 Direction indicators LC13
Brake pressure with by-passed V-ECU SE502 Brake charging fault LC6
Differential lock SW414 Low brake pressure LC6
Preheating SW201 Low fuel level Warning
lamp
High beams SW302 Boom suspension system activated LC18
Interval wiper, front SW801 Differential lock engaged LC17
A
Interval wiper, rear SW803 Preheating engaged LC15
Kick-down SW401 Amber central warning LC1
C
Charging ALT1 Low hydraulic oil level LC9
Parking brake SW501 High coolant temperature Warning
lamp
Rotating beacon SW305 Low engine oil pressure LC4
Keypad SW807 Applied parking brake LC8
Test Secondary steering SW601 Secondary steering engaged LC16
Transmission disengagement SW411 Rotating beacon LC14
Windscreen washer rear SW804 Red central warning LC2
Windscreen washer front SW801 High beams LC12
B
Gear selector positions SW401 Steering system pressure LC11
B
Mode selector (APS II) SW412 Buzzer SA802
Bulb test - Rear wiper and washer
Forward/Reverse SW402 Wiper and washer front
Boom Suspension System, function selection SW908 High transmission oil temperature Warning
lamp
Preheating engaged RE201 Low transmission oil pressure LC5
Lever steering activated LC19

Analogue input Analogue output

Instrument lighting R301 Fuel level (gauge)

Instrument lighting
 Transmission oil temperature (gauge)

Coolant temperature (gauge)

Interruption in computer communication

This function informs the operator that there is a system fault in communication between the ECUs. Continued operation could result in damage or
injury.
Input signals Conditions for output Output functions
functions
Interruption in communication between the Interruption in Interruption
ECUs communication
"bus off"

Interval wiper
The function controls the front and rear interval wipers and informs the operator if there is a system malfunction.
The wiper is engaged for 0.5 seconds with a pause of 5 seconds. This sequence is repeated until the control is moved to the 0 position.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Control front interval wiper, Control in position J Control of front wiper MO801 in intervals via relay RE6
SW801A
Control rear interval wiper, SW803 Control in position Interval Control of rear wiper MO803 in intervals via relay RE5
Monitoring, RE5 System malfunction, faulty relay Amber central warning

Monitoring, RE6 System malfunction, faulty relay (1) Amber central warning

Interval wiper
The function controls the front and rear interval wipers and informs the operator if there is a system malfunction.
The wiper is engaged for 0.5 seconds with a pause of 5 seconds. This sequence is repeated until the control is moved to the 0 position.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Control front interval wiper, Control in position J Control of front wiper MO801 in intervals via relay RE6
SW801A
Control rear interval wiper, SW803 Control in position Interval Control of rear wiper MO803 in intervals via relay RE5
Monitoring, RE5 System malfunction, faulty relay Amber central warning

Monitoring, RE6 System malfunction, faulty relay (1) Amber central warning

Output brake pressure

The function monitors the output brake pressure and warns the operator if there is a system malfunction.
The function is used as an input signal for:
Transmission disengagement, see [Invalid linktarget]
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Monitoring, SE501 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

Overspeed transmission
The function monitors the speed of the transmission and warns the operator if transmission speeds are too high. At even higher transmission
speeds, shifting will take place to nearest higher gear. The same rpm limit applies both to forward and reverse.
The functions apply to both manual and automatic gear changes.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Output speed, transmission, SE403 Level 1 (warning): Red central warning
Travel speed gear Rpm for active gear exceeded > 2 seconds Buzzer
Travel speed gear 1-4

Level 2 (upshifting): Upshifting

 Rpm for active gear exceeded > 2 seconds
Travel speed gear 1-4
Parking brake
The function controls the parking brake and notifies the operator if an attempt is made to drive away with the parking brake applied or if there is a
system malfunction.
An applied parking brake is released with the parking brake switch when the engine is running.
When the machine is switched off, the parking brake is applied, irrespective of the position of the parking brake switch.
NOTE!
There is a safety function to protect the transmission which is activated when the parking brake has been applied by switching off the machine.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions

Ignition switch, SW101 Machine stationary: Parking brake applied, no volta

Parking brake applied, SE503 Engine Off pressure to SE503
Engine speed, SE201 Travel speed = 0
Engine On/Off Ignition switch in position 0
Travel speed, SE403
Directional gear
Switch parking brake, SW501

Machine in starting position: Parking brake applied, no volta

Engine Off pressure to SE503
Travel speed = 0 Parking brake warning lamp
Directional gear in position Neutral
Ignition switch in position 1
 Machine in operation with gear selector in Neutral position: Parking brake applied, no volta
Parking brake switch in Applied position pressure to SE503
Engine On Parking brake warning lamp
Directional gear in position Neutral

Machine in operation with gear selector in Forward or Parking brake applied, no volta
Reverse position: pressure to SE503
Parking brake switch in Applied position Parking brake warning lamp
Engine On Red central warning
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position

Buzzer
Release of parking brake when machine is running and Parking brake is released,
parking brake is applied with parking brake switch: MA501 supplied with voltage a
Parking brake switch in Released position
Directional gear in position Neutral
Engine On

See the previous page Safety function[T1] "Release of parking brake" when the Parking brake is released, MA50
machine is running and the parking brake applied by the and SE503 pressurized
machine being stopped with ignition switch in position 0:
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Parking brake applied
Engine speed > 1600 rpm
Parking brake switch in Released position
 Monitoring, MA501 System malfunction, monitoring of MA501 Amber central warning

Monitoring, SE503 System malfunction for monitoring of SE503 Amber central warning

[T1]The purpose of the safety function is to protect the transmission and must not be used instead of releasing the parking brake with the switch.
Parking brake, mechanical
The function controls the parking brake and informs the operator if an attempt is made to drive off with the parking brake applied.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Parking brake applied, SE503 Applied parking brake Parking brake warning
Engine On/Off lamp
Directional gear Applied parking brake Parking brake warning
Engine On lamp
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position Red central warning

Buzzer
Preheating of induction air
The function activates preheating and warns the operator if there is a system malfunction.
Manual preheating is activated with switch SW201 and engages preheating if coolant temperature is below +30 °C (86 °F).
Automatic heating is selected by de-activating additional heating via the display panel. Heating is then engaged automatically if coolant
temperature is below +10 °C (50 °F) and the motor rotates faster than 150 rpm when the engine starts.
If additional heating is selected the heating coil will be connected in circuit when the engine has been started for additional heating a maximum of
4 times or until the coolant temperature exceeds +35 °C (95 °F).
The overarching conditions for heatingare to ensure that the heating coil will not take so much energy from the starter motor that the engine
cannot be started.
Engagement of preheating coil HE201 takes place via relay RE201 and is indicated by control lamp LC15 on the instrument panel.

Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions

Activation of preheating, SW201 Overall conditions for heating
Coolant temperature, SE205 Heating cannot be activated at:
Engine speed, SE201 Engine speed < 100 rpm
Adjusting additional heating System voltage < 12 V
System voltage Heating can be activated at:
Engine speed < 150 rpm
System voltage > 12 V for > 2 seconds
Manual preheating Engaging preheating coil HE201 via relay RE201
Ignition switch SW101 in position 1 Control lamp LC15
SW201 depressed to activate preheating Activation times
Coolant temperature < +30 °C (86 °F) 50 seconds if coolant temperature < -10 °C (14 °F)
50–10 seconds if coolant temperature -10 – +30 °C (14 – 86 °F)
Automatic heating Engaging preheating coil HE201 via relay RE201
Additional heating not activated via the display panel Control lamp LC15
Engine speed has risen from 0 to > 150 rpm Activation times
Coolant temperature < +10 °C (50 °F) 50 seconds if coolant temperature < -10 °C (14 °F)
50–10 seconds if coolant temperature -10 – +10 °C (14 – 50 °F)
Additional heating Engaging preheating coil HE201 via relay RE201
Additional heating activated via the display panel Control lamp LC15
Coolant temperature < +35 °C (95 °F) Activation times
Engine speed has risen from 0 to > 400 rpm 40 second activation with 20 second pause.
Engine speed > 400 rpm for > 2 seconds Activation max. 4 times or until coolant temperature reache
°F)
Monitoring, RE201 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber central warning
Radiator fan adjustment
The function optimally controls the radiator fan speed so that energy consumption and noise level are minimized with adequate cooling capacity
and also informs the operator if there is a system malfunction.
Using the service display unit, the maximum radiator fan speed can be set by selecting the appropriate letter (A, B or C), depending on the engine
cooling requirements.
A = 400 - 1075 rpm
B = 400 - 1230 rpm
C = 400 - 1400 rpm
The basic speed of the radiator fan is 400 rpm ±100 rpm for all settings.
See Section 2 Hydraulically driven radiator fan, description.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output func
Coolant temperature, engine, SE205 Radiator fan adjustment with radiator fan mode A or B or C from service display unit: Adjustm
Coolant temperature, outlet, radiator, Coolant temperature, outlet, radiator MA2
SE210 Coolant temperature, engine
Transmission oil temperature, SE406 Transmission oil temperature
Hydraulic oil temperature, SE906 Hydraulic oil temperature
Axle oil cooler installed In case of incorrect input signal from one of these sensors: Max. fan
Engine speed, SE201 Coolant temperature, outlet, radiator
Radiator fan speed, SE211 or
Radiator fan mode A, B, C Hydraulic oil temperature
Request pressure test In case of incorrect input signal from sensor: Control o
Request sound test Coolant temperature, engine
Radiator fan speed
Sound test: Constan
Radiator fan mode A or B or C 70%
Request for sound test from service display unit
Pressure test: Output s
Request for pressure test from service display unit (maximum flow and thus hydraulic pressure to Rad
radiator fan)
Monitoring, SE211 System malfunction, no frequency Amber c
 Monitoring, MA202 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber c

Reduced computer communication

This function informs the operator that there is a system fault in communication between the ECUs and that continued operation is only possible
with reduced performance
Input signals Conditions for output Output functions
functions
Interruption in communication between the Interruption in Reduced computer function
ECUs communication
"bus off"

Secondary steering
The purpose of the function is to make it possible for the operator to steer the machine when the primary steering pump fails and to notify the
operator when there is a malfunction in the primary steering system, or if there is a system malfunction.
The secondary steering pump is also engaged when the capacity of the primary steering pump is insufficient, for example, at low engine speeds.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Secondary steering installed Start of secondary steering pump for back-up of primary steering pump: RE601, start second
Control test secondary steering, SW601 Secondary steering installed Control lamp, Secon
Differential pressure secondary steering, SE601 Travel speed exceeds > 3 km/h (1.9 mph) for > 5 seconds
Steering pressure, SE602 Differential pressure secondary steering high for > 0.5 seconds
Engine On/Off Secondary pump is activated for as long as the above conditions apply.
Travel speed, SE403 Start of secondary steering pump for secondary steering: RE601, start second
Secondary steering installed
Travel speed exceeds > 3 km/h (1.9 mph)
Differential pressure secondary steering high for > 0.3 seconds
Steering pressure low for > 0.3 seconds Warning lamp, malfu
Secondary steering pump is activated until the travel speed drops < 3 km/h (1.9 mph) Red central warning
 Buzzer
Function test secondary steering: RE601, start second
Secondary steering installed Control lamp, Secon
Engine Off
Control test secondary steering pressed down
Differential pressure secondary steering low
Steering pressure low
Secondary steering pump is activated until the control is released
Monitoring, SE601 and SE602 System malfunction, open circuit Amber central warni
Engine Off

Monitoring, RE601 System malfunction, open circuit or short circuit Amber central warni

Service interval
The function informs the operator about the time remaining to next service and which service interval that should be performed, and also indicates
when 8 operating hours remain to next service.
Acknowledgement of service is performed with the "SELECT" key when the display "NEXT SERVICE" is active. See [Invalid linktarget].
Service intervals:
250 hours
500 hours
1000 hours
2000 hours
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Number of machine
hours
Key "SELECT"
Next service
Time to next
service
 Less than 8 hours to next service
interval

Amber central warning

Starter inhibitor
This function prevents the machine from starting to roll when the engine is started with the gear selector in position F or R.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine On/Off Start of engine, input signal "Engine Off" is changed to input signal "Engine On" Order to APS system
Directional Directional gear position F-R-N about position N until the gear selector control has
gear Then the gear selector position applies.
Starter motor engagement
The function monitors the time that the starter motor is engaged to prevent it from overheating.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Outpu
Engine speed, SE201 Engine speed has been between 50 and 400 rpm for 40 seconds Am
or
If less than 5 minutes have passed since the previous condition and engine speed is again between the range of 50 - 400 rpm

System voltage
The function monitors system voltage and warns the operator if the system voltage is too high or low.
Input signals Conditions for output Output functions
functions
Engine On/Off Voltage level > 31 V Amber central warning
System voltage

Engine On Amber central warning

Voltage level < 19 V

Transmission disengagement
The function controls transmission disengagement on simultaneous braking and informs the operator if there is a system malfunction.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Output brake pressure, SE501 Transmission disengagement in position On Transmission disengagement
Transmission disengagement, Output brake pressure > 1.8 MPa (261 psi)
SW411 Transmission disengagement in position On No transmission disengagement
Output brake pressure < 1.6 MPa (232 psi)
Transmission oil filter
The function monitors the condition of the transmission oil filter and informs the operator that the filter should be changed or if there is a system
malfunction.
The transmission oil filter must be changed to avoid opening of the bypass valve, resulting in reduced transmission performance or missing
function.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Differential pressure, SE401 Differential pressure > 2.76 bar (40 psi) Amber central warning
Transmission oil temperature, Transmission oil temperature > 50 °C (122
SE406 °F)

Monitoring, SE406 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central warning

Transmission oil pressure

The function monitors the main oil pressure in the HT-transmission and informs the operator if transmission oil pressure is low or if there is a
system malfunction.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Engine speed, SE201 Low transmission oil pressure > 1 second Warning lamp
Transmission oil pressure, Red central warn
SE405 Upon starting, no alarm is given for 5 seconds after the engine has started
Directional gear Alarm limits for transmission oil pressure:
< 0.70 MPa (101.5 psi) at 600 rpm
< 1.15 MPa (166.8 psi) at 1000 rpm
< 1.25 MPa (181,3 psi) at 2400 rpm
Monitoring during gearshifting:
 When engine speed is below alarm limit 2, transmission pressure is not monitored for 3 seconds
When engine speed is above alarm limit 2, transmission pressure is not monitored for 2 seconds
According to above as well as: Buzzer
Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Monitoring, SE405 System malfunction, signal beyond limits Amber central wa

Transmission oil temperature

The function monitors the transmission oil temperature and warns the operator if the temperature is too high or if there is a system malfunction.
If the transmission oil temperature rises further, the Engine Shut Down function is engaged and the engine speed is limited to 900 rpm, see
[Invalid linktarget].
The transmission oil temperature is also used as an input signal for:
[Invalid linktarget]
[Invalid linktarget]
Input signals Conditions for output functions Outp
Transmission oil temperature, Transmission oil temperature over 110 °C (230 °F ) > 2 seconds W
SE406 R
Directional gear

According to above as well as: B

Directional gear in Forward or Reverse position
Transmission oil temperature over 120 °C (248 °F )> 2 seconds E
Engine Shut Down is active until the temperature drops > 2 °C (36 °F ) below the temperature condition < 2 seconds
Monitoring, SE406 System malfunction, signal beyond limits A

Travel speed
The function calculates and notifies the operator of the speed or if there is a system malfunction.
Speed is used as an input signal by several functions.
Setting of units km/h or mph is performed with the keypad for the information display unit.
Input signals Conditions for Output
output functions
functions
Propeller Propeller Travel
shaft shaft speed
speed, speed in km/h
SE403 Tyre radius or mph
Tyre
radius[
T1]
Monitoring, System Amber
SE403 malfun central
ction, warnin
signal g
beyond
limits

Er km/h

[T1]Setup via service display unit.

Tyre radius
This function provides input data for speed calculation.
Tyre size is set with the service display unit.
Tyre Tyre Axle
s radius ratio
17.5" 675 mm 20.75:1
20.5" 754 mm 20.75:1
Vehicle control unit V-ECU, functional description
The vehicle control unit is the controlling unit in the system and contains overall functionality that is machine related as well as making overall
strategic decisions.
The vehicle control unit is located by the electrical distribution box behind the operator's seat.
The vehicle control unit is connected to other control units by way of data link for coordination with them.

Figure 1
Vehicle control unit V-ECU
Functions
Coolant temperature: Adjustment, control and monitoring of radiator fan
Calculation of vehicle travel speed
Parking brake: monitoring and control
Gearshifting strategy
Request for limitation of engine rpm and/or torque
System voltage monitoring
Monitoring of hydraulic oil: level and temperature
Monitoring of transmission oil: pressure, temperature and filter
Engagement of preheating
Inputs and outputs
Digital input Control unit Digital output
System voltage - Back-up alarm SA803
Brake pressure charging SE504 Central lubrication CU80
2
Brake pressure accumulator SE502 Differential lock MA40
7
Differential lock re-engagement SE408 Interval wiper, front RE6
Kick-down lever console and SW405 Interval wiper, rear RE5
Kick-down lever steering SW410
Boom Suspension System, activation SW907 Boom Suspension System RE7
Engine brake (downshifting) SW406 Parking brake MA50
1
Key On (voltage feed) SW101 Secondary steering RE601
Parking brake SW502 Activation of lever steering RE602
Secondary steering, steering pressure SE602 Preheating RE201
Secondary steering, differential pressure SE601 Control unit for engine stop CU20
1
Gearshifting solenoids S1-S5
Digital input Control unit
SE602 Secondary steering, steering pressure
SE601 Secondary steering, differential pressure
SW407 Lever steering, armrest lowered
SW408 Lever steering, activation
SW409 Lever steering, Forward
SW409 Lever steering, Reverse
SW150 Lever console single lever, -Neutral
SW404 Lever console, Reverse
SW403 Lever console, activation F/R
SW404 Lever console, Forward
SE401 Transmission oil filter clogged
Analogue input Analogue output
SE501 Brake pressure (output pressure) Engine radiator fan MA20
2
SE207 Fuel volume
SE906 Hydraulic oil tank, level and temperature
SE405 Transmission oil pressure
SE406 Transmission oil temperature
SE202 Engine oil pressure
SE205 Coolant temperature, engine
Frequency input
SE211 Radiator fan speed
SE201 Engine speed
SE403 Travel speed
Wiping during and after washing
The function controls the front and rear wipers during washing.
Control of the wipers is started by holding the control for the respective washer in position On and is stopped when the control is released, with an
additional 5 seconds of wiping after washing ends.
Input signals Conditions for output functions Output functions
Control front washer, SW801B Control held in On position Control of wiper front MO801
After control has been released, an additional 5 seconds of
wiping is obtained

Control rear washer, SW804 Control held in On position Control of rear wiper M0803 v
After control has been released, an additional 5 seconds of
wiping is obtained

Instruments
Instrument panels, position
Figure 1
Instrument panels
1. Side panel, (switches, gauges)
2. Right instrument panel (switches, gauges)
3. Centre instrument panel (instrument panel, control lights, gauges)
4. Left instrument panel (switches)
5. Keypad