Oracle DBA Performance Tuning Scripts

Performance Tuning Scripts

Listed below are some SQL queries which I find particularly useful for
performance tuning. These are based on the Active Session History
v$active_session_history
View to get a current perspective of performance and the DBA_HIST_* AWR
history tables for obtaining performance data pertaining to a period of
time in the past.

Top Recent Wait Events

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col EVENT format a60 

select * from (
select active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history
where active_session_history.event is not null
group by active_session_history.event
order by 2 desc)
where rownum < 6
/

Top Wait Events Since Instance Startup

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col event format a60

select event, total_waits, time_waited

from v$system_event e, v$event_name n
where n.event_id = e.event_id
and n.wait_class !='Idle'
and n.wait_class = (select wait_class from v$session_wait_class
where wait_class !='Idle'
group by wait_class having
sum(time_waited) = (select max(sum(time_waited)) from
v$session_wait_class
where wait_class !='Idle'
group by (wait_class)))
order by 3
/

List Of Users Currently Waiting

set pages 50000 lines 32767
col username format a12
col sid format 9999
col state format a15
col event format a50
col wait_time format 99999999
set pagesize 100
set linesize 120

select s.sid, s.username, se.event, se.state, se.wait_time

from v$session s, v$session_wait se
where s.sid=se.sid
and se.event not like 'SQL*Net%'
and se.event not like '%rdbms%'
and s.username is not null
order by se.wait_time
/

Find The Main Database Wait Events In A Particular Time Interval

First determine the snapshot id values for the period in question.

In this example we need to find the SNAP_ID for the period 10 PM to 11

PM on the 14th of November, 2013.

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select snap_id,begin_interval_time,end_interval_time
from dba_hist_snapshot
where to_char(begin_interval_time,'DD-MON-YYYY')='14-NOV-2013'
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM begin_interval_time) between 22 and 23;
set verify off
select * from (
select active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from dba_hist_active_sess_history active_session_history
where event is not null
and SNAP_ID between &ssnapid and &esnapid
group by active_session_history.event
order by 2 desc)
where rownum
/

Top CPU Consuming SQL During A Certain Time Period

Note – in this case we are finding the Top 5 CPU intensive SQL
statements executed between 9.00 AM and 11.00 AM
set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select
SQL_ID,
sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA),
sum(DISK_READS_DELTA),
count(*)
from
DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT a, dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = a.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM S.END_INTERVAL_TIME) between 9 and 11
group by
SQL_ID
order by
sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA) desc)
where rownum
/

Which Database Objects Experienced the Most Number of Waits in the Past
One Hour

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col event format a40
col object_name format a40

select * from 
(
select dba_objects.object_name,
dba_objects.object_type,
active_session_history.event,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history,
dba_objects
where 
active_session_history.sample_time between sysdate - 1/24 and sysdate
and active_session_history.current_obj# = dba_objects.object_id
group by dba_objects.object_name, dba_objects.object_type,
active_session_history.event
order by 4 desc)
where rownum < 6
/
Top Segments ordered by Physical Reads

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col segment_name format a20
col owner format a10 

select segment_name,object_type,total_physical_reads
from ( select owner||'.'||object_name as segment_name,object_type,
value as total_physical_reads
from v$segment_statistics
where statistic_name in ('physical reads')
order by total_physical_reads desc)
where rownum;

Top 5 SQL statements in the past one hour

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select active_session_history.sql_id,
dba_users.username,
sqlarea.sql_text,
sum(active_session_history.wait_time +
active_session_history.time_waited) ttl_wait_time
from v$active_session_history active_session_history,
v$sqlarea sqlarea,
dba_users
where 
active_session_history.sample_time between sysdate -  1/24  and sysdate
and active_session_history.sql_id = sqlarea.sql_id
and active_session_history.user_id = dba_users.user_id
group by active_session_history.sql_id,sqlarea.sql_text,
dba_users.username
order by 4 desc )
where rownum
/

SQL with the highest I/O in the past one day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from 
(
SELECT /*+LEADING(x h) USE_NL(h)*/ 
h.sql_id,SUM(10) ash_secs
FROM   dba_hist_snapshot x,dba_hist_active_sess_history h
WHERE   x.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
AND    h.SNAP_id = X.SNAP_id
AND    h.dbid = x.dbid
AND    h.instance_number = x.instance_number
AND    h.event in  ('db file sequential read','db file scattered read')
GROUP BY h.sql_id
ORDER BY ash_secs desc )
where rownum
/

Top CPU consuming queries since past one day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select * from (
select SQL_ID, sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA),sum(DISK_READS_DELTA),count(*)
from DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT a, dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = a.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
group by SQL_ID
order by sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA) desc)
where rownum
/

Find what the top SQL was at a particular reported time of day

First determine the snapshot id values for the period in question.

In thos example we need to find the SNAP_ID for the period 10 PM to 11

PM on the 14th of November, 2013.

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select snap_id,begin_interval_time,end_interval_time
from dba_hist_snapshot
where to_char(begin_interval_time,'DD-MON-YYYY')='14-NOV-2013'
and EXTRACT(HOUR FROM begin_interval_time) between 22 and 23;
select * from
(
select
sql.sql_id c1,
sql.buffer_gets_delta c2,
sql.disk_reads_delta c3,
sql.iowait_delta c4
from
dba_hist_sqlstat sql,dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = sql.snap_id
and
s.snap_id= &snapid
order by
c3 desc)
where rownum < 6
/

Analyse a particular SQL ID and see the trends for the past day

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select
s.snap_id,
to_char(s.begin_interval_time,'HH24:MI') c1,
sql.executions_delta c2,
sql.buffer_gets_delta c3,
sql.disk_reads_delta c4,
sql.iowait_delta c5,
sql.cpu_time_delta c6,
sql.elapsed_time_delta c7
from
dba_hist_sqlstat sql,
dba_hist_snapshot s
where
s.snap_id = sql.snap_id
and s.begin_interval_time > sysdate -1
and
sql.sql_id='&sqlid'
order by c7
/

Do we have multiple plan hash values for the same SQL ID – in that case
may be changed plan is causing bad performance

set pages 50000 lines 32767

select 
SQL_ID 
, PLAN_HASH_VALUE 
, sum(EXECUTIONS_DELTA) EXECUTIONS
, sum(ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA) CROWS
, trunc(sum(CPU_TIME_DELTA)/1000000/60) CPU_MINS
, trunc(sum(ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA)/1000000/60)  ELA_MINS
from DBA_HIST_SQLSTAT 
where SQL_ID in (
'&sqlid') 
group by SQL_ID , PLAN_HASH_VALUE
order by SQL_ID, CPU_MINS
/

Top 5 Queries for past week based on ADDM recommendations

/*
Top 10 SQL_ID's for the last 7 days as identified by ADDM from
DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS and dba_advisor_log
*/

set pages 50000 lines 32767

col SQL_ID form a16
col Benefit form 9999999999999

select * from (
select b.ATTR1 as SQL_ID, max(a.BENEFIT) as "Benefit" 
from DBA_ADVISOR_RECOMMENDATIONS a, DBA_ADVISOR_OBJECTS b 
where a.REC_ID = b.OBJECT_ID
and a.TASK_ID = b.TASK_ID
and a.TASK_ID in (select distinct b.task_id
from dba_hist_snapshot a, dba_advisor_tasks b, dba_advisor_log l
where a.begin_interval_time > sysdate - 7 
and  a.dbid = (select dbid from v$database) 
and a.INSTANCE_NUMBER = (select INSTANCE_NUMBER from v$instance) 
and to_char(a.begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddHH24') = to_char(b.created,
'yyyymmddHH24') 
and b.advisor_name = 'ADDM' 
and b.task_id = l.task_id 
and l.status = 'COMPLETED') 
and length(b.ATTR4) > 1 group by b.ATTR1
order by max(a.BENEFIT) desc) where rownum < 6
/
How to find SQL,SQL_ID history on Oracle

Session related Queries

Last/Latest Running SQL

-----------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col "Last SQL" for 100
SELECT t.inst_id,s.username, s.sid, s.serial#,t.sql_id,t.sql_text "Last SQL"
FROM gv$session s, gv$sqlarea t
WHERE s.sql_address =t.address AND
s.sql_hash_value =t.hash_value
/

Current Running SQLs

--------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col HOST_NAME for a20
col EVENT for a40
col MACHINE for a30
col SQL_TEXT for a50
col USERNAME for a15

select sid,serial#,a.sql_id,a.SQL_TEXT,S.USERNAME,i.host_name,machine,S.event,S.seconds_in_wait
sec_wait,
to_char(logon_time,'DD-MON-RR HH24:MI') login
from gv$session S,gV$SQLAREA A,gv$instance i
where S.username is not null
--  and S.status='ACTIVE'
AND S.sql_address=A.address
and s.inst_id=a.inst_id and i.inst_id = a.inst_id
and sql_text not like 'select S.USERNAME,S.seconds_in_wait%'
/

Current Running SQLs

--------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col program format a20
col sql_text format a50

select b.sid,b.status,b.last_call_et,b.program,c.sql_id,c.sql_text
from v$session b,v$sqlarea c
where b.sql_id=c.sql_id
/
Last/Latest Running SQL
-----------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
select inst_id,sample_time,session_id,session_serial#,sql_id from gv$active_session_history
where sql_id is not null
order by 1 desc
/

SQLs Running from longtime

--------------------------
alter session set nls_date_format = 'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi';
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col target format a25
col opname format a40
select sid
      ,opname
      ,target
      ,round(sofar/totalwork*100,2)   as percent_done
      ,start_time
      ,last_update_time
      ,time_remaining
from
       v$session_longops
/

Active Sessions running for more than 1 hour

---------------------------------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col USERNAME for a10
col MACHINE for a15
col PROGRAM for a40

SELECT USERNAME,machine,inst_id,sid,serial#,PROGRAM,
to_char(logon_time,'dd-mm-yy hh:mi:ss AM')"Logon Time",
ROUND((SYSDATE-LOGON_TIME)*(24*60),1) as MINUTES_LOGGED_ON,
ROUND(LAST_CALL_ET/60,1) as Minutes_FOR_CURRENT_SQL
From v$session
WHERE STATUS='ACTIVE'
AND USERNAME IS NOT NULL and ROUND((SYSDATE-LOGON_TIME)*(24*60),1) > 60
ORDER BY MINUTES_LOGGED_ON DESC;

Session details associated with SID and Event waiting for

---------------------------------------------------------
set pages 50000 lines 32767
col EVENT for a40
select a.sid, a.serial#, a.status, a.program, b.event,to_char(a.logon_time, 'dd-mon-yy hh24:mi')
LOGON_TIME,to_char(Sysdate, 'dd-mon-yy-hh24:mi') CURRENT_TIME, (a.last_call_et/3600) "Hrs
connected" from v$session a,v$session_wait b where a.sid in(&SIDs) and a.sid=b.sid order by 8;

Session details associated with Oracle SID

-------------------------------------------
set head off
set verify off
set echo off
set pages 1500
set linesize 100
set lines 120
prompt
prompt Details of SID / SPID / Client PID
prompt ==================================
select /*+ CHOOSE*/
'Session  Id.............................................: '||s.sid,
'Serial Num..............................................: '||s.serial#,
'User Name ..............................................: '||s.username,
'Session Status .........................................: '||s.status,
'Client Process Id on Client Machine ....................: '||'*'||s.process||'*'  Client,
'Server Process ID ......................................: '||p.spid Server,
'Sql_Address ............................................: '||s.sql_address,
'Sql_hash_value .........................................: '||s.sql_hash_value,
'Schema Name ..... ......................................: '||s.SCHEMANAME,
'Program  ...............................................: '||s.program,
'Module .................................................: '|| s.module,
'Action .................................................: '||s.action,
'Terminal ...............................................: '||s.terminal,
'Client Machine .........................................: '||s.machine,
'LAST_CALL_ET ...........................................: '||s.last_call_et,
'S.LAST_CALL_ET/3600 ....................................: '||s.last_call_et/3600
from v$session s, v$process p
where p.addr=s.paddr and
s.sid=nvl('&sid',s.sid)
/
set head on

Checking for Active Transactions SID

------------------------------------
select username,t.used_ublk,t.used_urec from v$transaction t,v$session s where t.addr=s.taddr;

Session details from Session longops

-------------------------------------
select inst_id,SID,SERIAL#,OPNAME,SOFAR,TOTALWORK,START_TIME,LAST_UPDATE_TIME,
username from gv$session_longops;

Session details with SPID

-------------------------
select sid, serial#, USERNAME, STATUS, OSUSER, PROCESS,
MACHINE, MODULE, ACTION, to_char(LOGON_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
from v$session where paddr in (select addr from v$process where spid = '&spid')
/
To find Undo Generated For a given session
------------------------------------------
select  username,
t.used_ublk ,t.used_urec
from    gv$transaction t,gv$session s
where   t.addr=s.taddr and
s.sid='&sid';

To list count of connections from other machines

------------------------------------------------
select count(1),machine from gv$session where inst_id='&inst_id' group by machine;

To get total count of sessions and processes

--------------------------------------------
select count(*) from v$session;

select count(*) from v$process;

select (select count(*) from v$session) sessions, (select count(*) from v$process) processes from
dual;

To find sqltext thru sqladdress

-------------------------------
select sql_address from v$session where sid=1999;

select sql_text from v$sqltext where ADDRESS='C00000027FF00AF0' order by PIECE;

To find sqltext for different sql hashvalue

-------------------------------------------
select hash_value,sql_text from v$sql where hash_value in (1937378691,1564286875,
248741712,2235840973,2787402785)

To list long running forms user sessions

----------------------------------------
select s.sid,s.process,p.spid,s.status ,s.action,s.module, (s.last_call_et/3600) from
v$session s, v$process p where round(last_call_et/3600) >4 and action like '%FRM%' and
p.addr=s.paddr ;

To list inactive Sessions respective username

---------------------------------------------
SELECT username,count(*) num_inv_sess
FROM v$session
where last_call_et > 3600
and username is not null
AND STATUS='INACTIVE'
group by username
order by num_inv_sess DESC;

SELECT count(*) FROM v$session where last_call_et > 43200 and username is not null AND
STATUS='INACTIVE';
SELECT count(*) FROM v$session where last_call_et > 3600 and username is not null AND
STATUS='INACTIVE';

To find session id with set of SPIDs

------------------------------------
select sid from v$session, v$process where addr=paddr and spid in ('11555','26265','11533');

To find Sql Text given SQLHASH & SQLADDR

----------------------------------------
select piece,sql_text from v$sqltext where HASH_VALUE = &hash and ADDRESS ='&addr' order by
piece;
select piece,sql_text from v$sqltext where  ADDRESS ='&addr' order by piece;