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BIOGRAPHY OF JENDRAL SUDIRMAN

General Sudirman is one of the most popular figures in the history of the struggle of the
Indonesian nation. He was the first commander of the military, religious leaders, educators,
Muhammadiyah leader and a pioneer of guerrilla warfare in Indonesia. General Sudirman also
one of the five-star general in Indonesia besides General AH Nasution and General Suharto. He
was born in Bodas Karangjati, Purbalingga, Central Java, on January 24, 1916 and died in
Magelang, Central Java, January 29, 1950 at the age of 34 years of tuberculosis and is buried at
the Heroes Cemetery in semaki State Kusuma, Yogyakarta.

General Sudirman was born and raised in a modest family. His father, KARSID Kartowirodji,
was a worker at Sugar Factory Kalibagor, Banyumas, and his mother, Siyem, bleary-eyed
offspring Wedana Apex. Soedirman since the age of 8 months was appointed as a child by
R. Tjokrosoenaryo, an assistant district officer Apex is still a brother of Siyem. General
Sudirman acquire formal education from the School Garden Student. Then he went on to HIK
(school teacher), Muhammadiyah Surakarta but not until the end. Sudirman was also active at the
moment Scouts organization Hizbul Wathan. After that he became a teacher at his school in
Cilacap Muhammadiyah.

The knowledge gained from the Japanese military through education. After completing his
education at the MAP, he became a battalion commander in Kroya, Central Java. Later he
became the commander of Division V / Banyumas after TKR formed, and eventually was elected
Commander of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (Commander TKR). Sudirman
was known to have a private firm on principle and conviction, he always put the interests of
many people and nation above personal interests, even the interests of his own health. His
personality is written in a book by Tjokropranolo, bodyguard during the guerrilla, as someone
who is always consistent and consistent in defending the interests of the homeland, the nation
and the state. During the Japanese occupation, the Sudirman been a member of the People’s
Food Board and a member of the House of Representatives residency of Banyumas. In this time
he set up a cooperative to help the people from starvation.

After World War II, the Japanese surrendered unconditionally to the Allies. Sukarno used the
moment to declare the independence of Indonesia. Sudirman and his troops fought in Banyumas,
Central Java against the Japanese and captured weapons and ammunition. At that time the
Japanese position is still strong in Indonesia. MAP Soedirman organizing his battalion into a
regiment based in Banyumas, to become the army of the Republic of Indonesia which then
played a major role in the war Indonesian National Revolution.

After the People’s Security Army (TKR) was formed, he was subsequently appointed as
Commander of Division V / Banyumas with the rank of Colonel. And through TKR Conference
on 12 November 1945, was elected Soedirman TKR Commander / Chief of the Armed Forces of
Indonesia. Later he began to suffer from tuberculosis, but he still falls within the guerrilla war
against the forces who want to master the Dutch NICA Indonesia after the Japanese surrender.

The first great war is a war led Soedirman Palagan Ambarawa against the British and Dutch
NICA which lasts from November to December 1945. In December 1945, forces led by
Sudirman TKR fought against the British army in Ambarawa. And on December 12, 1945,
Sudirman launched simultaneous attacks against all top notch British Ambarawa. Famous battle
which lasted for five days to end with the withdrawal of British troops to Semarang. The war
ended on December 16, 1945. After victories in the Sudirman Ambarawa Theater, on December
18, 1945 he was appointed as General by President Soekarno. Soedirman gained the rank of
General is not through the military academy or other higher education, but because of his
achievements.

General Sudirman still plunge into battle during the second Dutch military aggression in the
capital Yogyakarta. When the capital was moved to Yogyakarta, Indonesia as Jakarta has
mastered Belanda.Soedirman led his troops to defend Yogyakarta from the Dutch attack was on
December 19, 1948. In opposition, the health condition of General Sudirman was in a very weak
state of tuberculosis he suffered for a long time. Yogyakarta was then controlled by the Dutch,
although Indonesia was ruled by the army after General Offensive March 1, 1949. At that time,
President Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta and several cabinet members were also arrested by the
Dutch army. Because of the precarious situation, Soedirman crutches left with his troops and
return to guerrilla warfare.

He moved around for seven months from one forest to another forest, and from mountain to
mountain in sickness almost without treatment and medical care. Soedirman home of guerrilla
because his health condition does not allow her to lead the Armed Forces directly. After that just
a figure Soedirman planners behind the scenes in a guerrilla campaign against the Dutch. After
the Dutch surrender as the Indonesian archipelago States in the 1949 Round Table Conference in
The Hague, General Sudirman back to Jakarta with President Sukarno and Vice President
Mohammad Hatta. At the date January 29, 1950, General Sudirman died in Magelang, Central
Java illness suffered severe tuberculosis. He was buried in the Heroes Cemetery in semaki State
Kusuma, Yogyakarta. He was named the Defender of Independence hero. In 1997 he was
awarded posthumously to Major General of the five-star rank possessed only by a few generals
in Indonesia until now.

Question :

1. What is the monologi about?

2. When and where he was born?
3. When he died?
4. What is the role of jendral sudirman in liberating Indonesia?
5. What year was he awarded posthumously?
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TITANIC

On April 15, 1912, Titanic, one of the British largest and luxurious liners, sank into the North
Atlantic Ocean which about 400 miles south of Newfoundland, Canada.

That giant ship which carried 2,200 passengers and crews had struck an iceberg. Two and a half
hour later the ship sank into the deep North Atlantic Ocean at 2:20 a.m.

From that tragedy, more than 1,500 people went down in the sinking ship. Some of them froze to
death in the icy North Atlantic water and around 700 people (high class woman and children)
survived.

Unfortunately that giant luxurious ship was not equipped with much more lifeboats and good
emergency procedures so that the victims of that tragedy were more than the half passengers and
crews.

That tragedy became popular again some years later after James Cameron directed a movie
entitled Titanic in 1997.

The movie that was inspired by the tragedy of the sinking titanic was a fiction story about the
members of different social class who meet in that ship and fallen in love. It was the best movie
at that year and still remembered by a lot of people around the world until now.

Question :

1. On what date did the titanic ship sink?

2. What is the number of passangers who survived the titanic sinking tragedy?
3. In what years did the sinking of the titanic ship get popular again?
4. What inspired us from the singking of the titanic ship?
5. What is the number of passangers who have survived the tragedy of the singking when
titanic?
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MY HOLIDAY

Last week I went to Mount Bromo. I stayed at my friend’s house in Probolinggo, East
Java. The house has a big garden with colorful flowers and a small pool.

In the morning, my friend and I saw Mount Batok. The scenery was very beautiful. We
rode on horseback. It was scary, but it was fun. Then, we went to get a closer look at the
mountain . We took pictures of the beautiful scenery there. After that, we took a rest and had
lunch under a big tree. Before we got home, we went to the zoo at Wonokromo. We went home
in the afternoon.

We were very tired. However, I think it was really fun to have a holiday like this. I hope
my next holiday will be more interesting.

Question :

1. Where is mount Bromo?

2. Before they go home,they visit one of the zoos.where is the star garden located?
3. What The text tell about?
4. In what paragraph the text event?
5. In what paragraph the text orientation?
 RECOUNT TEXT HISTORICAL

A BRIEF HISTORY OF INSTAGRAM

General Offensive of 1 March 1949

The Dutch launched a military offensive on 19 December 1948 which it termed Operation Crow.
By the following day it had conquered the city of Yogyakarta, the location of the temporary
Republican capital. By the end of December, all major Republican held cities in Java and
Sumatra were in Dutch hands.
The Republican President, Vice-President, and all but six Republic of Indonesia ministers were
captured by Dutch troops and exiled on Bangka Island off the east coast of Sumatra.
In areas surrounding Yogyakarta and Surakarta, Republican forces refused to surrender and
continued to wage a guerrilla war under the leadership of Republican military chief of staff
General Sudirman who had escaped the Dutch offensives. An emergency Republican
government, was established in West Sumatra.
On March 1, 1949 at 6 am, Republican forces launched March 1 General Offensive. The
Offensive caught the Dutch by surprise. For his part, Hamengkubuwono IX allowed his palace to
be used as a hide out for the troops. For 6 hours, the Indonesian troops had control of Yogyakarta
before finally retreating.
The Offensive was a moral and diplomatic success, inspiring demoralised troops all around
Indonesia, as well as proving to the United Nations that the Indonesian army still existed and
were capable of fighting. On the other hand, the offensive had demoralized the Dutch forces,
because they never thought that Indonesian forces could assault and control the city, even for a
few hours.

Question :

1. What tell about the text above?

2. When the Dutch launched a military attack?
3. Who did the crow operation?
4. When Indonesia launched a general attack?
5. Whether Indonesia managed to attack the Netherlands?