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BS B.Ed Semester2 4 ENGL1119 Lecture1 Communication and Types PDF

This document discusses communication skills and provides information about effective communication. It defines communication and describes it as a dynamic process of conveying thoughts or feelings to others. It then outlines how to be a good communicator by being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker. The document also examines the process of communication, including encoding messages, channels of communication, decoding, feedback, and influence on the receiver. It analyzes types of communication and uses of non-verbal communication skills. Overall, the document provides an overview of key concepts and best practices for communication.

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Rao Muhammad Umar Farooq
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124 views20 pages

BS B.Ed Semester2 4 ENGL1119 Lecture1 Communication and Types PDF

This document discusses communication skills and provides information about effective communication. It defines communication and describes it as a dynamic process of conveying thoughts or feelings to others. It then outlines how to be a good communicator by being an active listener, effective presenter, and quick thinker. The document also examines the process of communication, including encoding messages, channels of communication, decoding, feedback, and influence on the receiver. It analyzes types of communication and uses of non-verbal communication skills. Overall, the document provides an overview of key concepts and best practices for communication.

Uploaded by

Rao Muhammad Umar Farooq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication

Skills
ENGL1119

Jahanzeb Jahan
University of Education, Lahore
[email protected]
COMMUNICATION - MEANING

 Communication is a dynamic process…


 through this process we convey a thought or feeling
to someone else.
 how it is received depends on a set of events, stimuli,
that person is exposed to.
 how you say what you say plays an important role in
communication.
 The word communication is derived from a Latin
word ‘Communis’ which means to share or to
participate.
 Two-way process of reaching mutual understanding,
in which parties involved exchange information,
news, ideas and feelings
HOW TO BE A
GOOD COMMUNICATOR?
 An Active Listener,

 An Effective Presenter,

 A Quick Thinker.

 A Win-Win Negotiator.
PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
PROCESS OF COMM…(cntd…)
Source:
 Why to communicate?

 What to communicate?

 Usefulness of the communication.

 Accuracy of the Information to be communicated.

Encoding:
• The process of transferring the information you want to communicate into a
form that can be sent and correctly decoded at the other end.

• Ability to convey the information.

• Eliminate sources of confusion. For e.g. cultural issues,


mistaken assumptions, and missing information.

• Knowing your audience.


PROCESS OF COMM…(cntd…)
 Verbal Communication Channels

◦ Face-To-Face meetings,

◦ Telephones,

◦ Video Conferencing.

 Written Communication Channels


◦ Letters,

◦ e-Mails,

◦ Memos,

◦ Reports.
PROCESS OF COMM…(cntd…)
Strengths and Weaknesses
 Verbal Communication:

Strength - Role of Body Language.

Weakness - Not possible to give long list of directions

 Written Communication:

Strength - A proof of a communication

Weakness - Written words does not show a person’s


actual feelings.
PROCESS OF COMM…(cntd…)
 EFFECTIVE DECODING:
 Listen actively,

 Reading information carefully,

 Avoid Confusion,

 Ask question for better understanding.


• The audience or individuals to whom we are
sending the information.
THE INFLUENCE FOR RECEIVER:
• The prior knowledge can influence the receiver’s
understanding of the message.

• Blockages in the receiver’s mind.

• The surrounding disturbances.


PROCESS OF COMM…(cntd…)

FEEDBACK:

Feedback can be:

 Verbal Reactions and Non-Verbal Reactions.

 Positive feedback and Negative feedback.


Types of communication

According to number of persons who receive the message:


• Interpersonal communication
• Intrapersonal communication
• Group Communication
• Mass Communication

On the basis of the medium employed:


• Verbal Communication
• Non-Verbal Communication
Types of communication

On the base of Organizational Structure:


• Formal communication
• Informal communication

On the base of Flow or Direction:


• Downward communication
• Upward communication
• Horizontal communication
• Diagonal communication
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
Some major areas of nonverbal behaviors to explore are:

 Eye contact
 Facial expressions
 Gestures
 Posture and body orientation
 Proximity
 Paralinguistic
 Humor
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
EYE CONTACT:
Eye is a direct and most expressive part of our body.

Different ways of Eye Contact


 Direct Eye Contact: (Shows confidence)
 Looking downwards (Listening carefully or Guilty)
 Single raised eyebrow (Doubting)
 Both raised eyebrows (Admiring)
 Bent eyebrows (Sudden focus)
 Tears coming out (Emotional either happy or hurt)
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
FACIAL EXPRESSION:
Smile covers the most part of facial expression:

Smiling is a powerful cue that transmits:

◦ Happiness

◦ Friendliness

◦ Warmth

◦ Liking

◦ Affiliation
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
GESTURES:

 If you fail to gesture while speaking, you may be


perceived as boring, stiff and unanimated.

 A lively and animated teaching style captures students'


attention, makes the material more interesting, facilitates
learning and provides a bit of entertainment.

 Head nods, a form of gestures, communicate positive


reinforcement to students and indicate that you are
listening.
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
POSTURE AND BODY ORIENTATION:

• You communicate numerous messages by the way you walk,


talk, stand and sit.

• Standing erect, but not rigid, and leaning slightly forward


communicates to students that you are approachable,
receptive and friendly.

• Furthermore, interpersonal closeness results when you and your


students face each other.

• Speaking with your back turned or looking at the floor or


ceiling should be avoided; it communicates disinterest to your
class.
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
PROXIMITY:
 Cultural norms dictate a comfortable distance for interaction
with audience.

 You should look for signals of discomfort caused by invading


young audience‘s space.

 Some of these are:


 Rocking,
 Leg swinging,
 Tapping,
 Gaze aversion,

 To counteract this, move around the classroom to increase


interaction with your students. Increasing proximity enables
you to make better eye contact and increases the
opportunities for students to speak.
SIX WAYS OF USING NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS EFFECTIVELY
 Paralinguistic :

This facet of nonverbal communication includes such vocal


elements as:

- Tone

- Stress

- Rhythm

- Loudness
FEW FACTS

- You have over 630 muscles in your body.

- Eye muscles are the busiest muscles in the body. Scientists


estimate they may move more than 100,000 times a day.

- It takes 17 muscles to smile and 43 to frown.


SO SMILE EVERYTIME YOU SEE SOMEONE.

- The strongest muscle in your body is your tongue. USE IT


EFFECTIVELY.

- It takes the interaction of 72 different muscles to produce


human speech.

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