Lecture#1

CE-317
Design of Concrete Structures-II
Columns

Course Teacher:

Md. Mahfujur Rahman

Lecturer

Department of Civil Engineering

Dhaka International University (DIU)
 Lecture Goals
• Definitions of Columns.
• Types of Column.
• General Information.
• Design of columns: Axial load and Bending.

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Analysis and Design of “Short” Columns
Column:
Column are defined as a member that carry
loads in compression.
Transmits axial compressive loads with or
without moment.
Transmit loads from the floor & roof to the
foundation.

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Analysis and Design of “Short” Columns

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Analysis and Design of “Short” Columns

Reinforcement in Column

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Analysis and Design of “Short” Columns
Types of Column:

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Analysis and Design of “Short” Columns

Tied Columns 95% of all columns in buildings are tied

Tie spacing  h (except for

seismic)
 Ties support long bars (reduce
buckling)
 Ties provide negligible restraint to
lateral expose of core
 Tie provide confinement to the
core concrete
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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads

Examples of
lateral ties.

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Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design
under concentric Axial loads
Reinforcement Requirements (Lateral Ties) ACI Code
7.10.5
size  # 3 bar if longitudinal bar  # 10 bar
 # 4 bar if longitudinal bar  # 11 bar
 # 4 bar if longitudinal bars are bundled
Reinforcement Requirements (Lateral Ties)
Vertical spacing: (ACI 7.10.5.2)
s  16 db ( db for longitudinal bars )
s  48 db ( db for tie bar )
s  least lateral dimension of column 9
M M Rahman, Lecturer, CE, DIU
 Analysis and Design of “Short”
Columns
Spiral Columns

Pitch = 1.0 in. to 3.0 in.

-Spiral restrains laterally (Poisson’s effect)
-Axial load: delays failure (ductile)
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Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design under
concentric Axial loads
1. Reinforcement Requirements (Spirals ) ACI Code7.10.4
- size  3/8 “ dia. (3/8” f smooth bar)
- clear spacing  1 in.
between spirals  3 in.
2. Spiral Reinforcement Ratio, rs
Volume of Spiral 4 Asp
rs  
Volume of Core Dc s
 Asp  Dc 
 from : rs  
 1 4  Dc s 
2

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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads
Reinforcement Requirements (Spiral)
A   f 
   c
rs  0.45 *   1 *   ACI Eqn. 10-6
g

 
 Ac   f y 
where
Asp  cross - sectional area of spiral reinforcement

 Dc2
Ac  core area 
4
Dc  core diameter : outside edge to outside edge of spiral
s  spacing pitch of spiral steel (center to center)
f y  yield strength of spiral steel  60,000 psi 
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Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design under
concentric Axial loads
1.
Let
Ag = Gross Area = b*h Ast = area of long steel
fy = Steel Yield Strength
f c,  Concrete Compressiv e Strength

2. Maximum Nominal Capacity for Design  Pn (max)

Pn max   rP0
r = Reduction factor to account for accidents/bending
r = 0.80 ( Tied )
r = 0.85 ( Spiral ) M M Rahman, Lecturer, CE, DIU 13
Behavior, Nominal Capacity and Design under
concentric Axial loads
3. Reinforcement Requirements (Longitudinal Steel Ast)
Ast
Let rg 
Ag
- ACI Code 10.9.1 requires 0.01  r g  0.08

4. Reinforcement Requirements (Longitudinal Steel Ast)

- Minimum No. of Bars ACI Code 10.9.2
 Min. of 6 bars in circular arrangement w/min. spiral
reinforcement.
 Min. of 4 bars in rectangular arrangement
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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads
4. Design for Concentric Axial Loads
(a) Load Combination

Gravity: Pu  1.2 PDL  1.6 PLL

Gravity + Wind: Pu  0.75 * 1.2 PDL  1.6 PLL  1.6 Pw 
and Pu  0.9 PDL  1.3Pw Check for
Etc. tension

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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads
1. Design for Concentric Axial Loads
(b) General Strength Requirement

f Pn  Pu
where, f = 0.65 for Tied columns
f = 0.70 for Spiral columns

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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads
2. Design for Concentric Axial Loads
(c) Expression for Design
defined:
ACI Code 0.01  r g  0.08
Ast
rg 
Ag

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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads

 
   
f Pn  f r  Ag 0.85 f c,  Ast f y  0.85 f c,   Pu
 
 concrete steel 
or

f Pn  f r Ag 0.85 f  r g  f y  0.85 f
c
,
c
,
  P
u

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 Behavior, Nominal Capacity and
Design under concentric Axial loads
* when rg is known or assumed:

Pu
Ag 
f r 0.85 f c,  r g  f y  0.85 f c, 
* when Ag is known or assumed:

 Pu , 
Ast 

1
, 
f y  0.85 f c  fr
 Ag 0.85 f c 
  

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Design of columns:
Axial load and Small
Eccentricity
Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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Design of columns: Axial load and Small
Eccentricity

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 Design of columns:
Axial load and Bending
Design of columns: Axial load and Bending

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Design of columns: Axial load and Bending

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Design of columns: Axial load and Bending

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Design of columns: Axial load and
Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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 Design of columns: Axial load and
Bending
EXAMPLE :

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Bending

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Design of columns: Axial load and
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