Python Programming
Author: Tigran Khazhakyan
© 2015 Tigran Khazhakyan All Rights Reserved
Introduction to Python
© 2015 Tigran Khazhakyan All Rights Reserved
Introduction to Python
Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level
programming language, which appeared in 1991
Guido van Rossum, the Python Software Foundation, the
creator of Python current developer of Python
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Python Usage
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Python Tools
Name Link
Python Interpreter https://www.python.org/downloads/
PyCharm IDE https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/
PyDev IDE http://pydev.org/download.html
© 2015 Tigran Khazhakyan All Rights Reserved
Integers
• Integers are immutable, but due to Python’s augmented
assignment this is rarely noticeable.
• Integer size is limited by machine’s memory.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.maxint
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
>>> 14600926 >>>
0b110111101100101011 >>> 0o67545336 >>> 0xDECADE
14600926 011110 14600926 14600926
14600926
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Creating Integers
X = 17
X = int() # X = 0
X = int(17) # X = 17
X = int(17.6) # X = 17, conversion
X = int(“string”) # ValueError
X = int(“A4”, 16) # X = 164, conversion
X = int(“16”, 8) # X = 14, conversion
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Numeric Operations
Syntax Description
x+y Addition
x–y Subtraction
x*y Multiplication
x/y Division (produces also float)
x // y Division (produces only int)
x%y Produces remainder
x ** y X to power of y
-x Negates x if non-zero
+x Clarifies code. Does nothing
abs(x) Absolute of x
divmod(x, y) Returns quotient and
remainder as a tuple
pow(x, y) The same as **
pow(x, y, z) (X**y)%z
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round(x, n) Rounds to n decimal places
Integer Conversion
bin(10) -> ‘0b1010’ is a string
hex(145) -> ‘0x91’ is a string
int(14.6) -> 14 is an int
int(“16”, 8) -> 14 is an int from octal
oct(230) -> 0346 is an octal of 230
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Booleans
False
bool >>> bool() -> False
>>> bool(True) -> True
True
>>> bool(9) -> True
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Floating-Point Types
float 0.0, 4., 5.7, -2.5, -2e9, 8.9e-4
complex 4 + 5j, -2j
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Strings
‘Hello “Wo”rld!’
“Hello World!”
0 1 2 3 4 var = “Hello World!”
H E L L 0 var[0] -> ‘H’
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Strings’ Special Operators
“Hello” + “World” -> ‘HelloWorld’
“Hello” * 2 -> ‘HelloHello’
“Hello”*1+ -> ‘e’
“Hello”*1:+ -> ‘ello’
“H” in “Hello” -> True
“B” not in “Hello” -> True
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Strings Methods
mystr = “hello world!”
mystr.capitalize() “Hello world!”
mystr.count(‘o’) 2
mystr.isalpha() False
‘-’.join((‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’)) a-b-c
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Lists
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"];
#!/usr/bin/python
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
List declaration
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ];
print "list1[0]: ", list1[0]
List accessing
print "list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]
list2[2] = 2001;
print list2; List updating
list1[len(list1):] = 5
Delete list element
del list1[2];
print list1;
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Lists Operations
Python Expression Results Description
len([1, 2, 3]) 3 Length
[1, 2, 3] + [4, 5, 6] [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] Concatenation
['Hi!'] * 4 ['Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!'] Repetition
3 in [1, 2, 3] True Membership
for x in [1, 2, 3]: 123 Iteration
print x,
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Tuples
#!/usr/bin/python
tuple1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000)
tuple2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
tuple3 = "a", "b", "c", "d"
tuple1 = ()
print "tuple1[0]: ", tuple1[0]
del tuple1
print tuple1
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Dictionaries
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'}
dict1 = { 'abc': 456 }
dict2 = { 'abc': 123, 98.6: 37 }
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'}
dict['School'] = "DPS School"
print "dict['Name']: ", dict['Name']
print "dict['Age']: ", dict['Age']
del dict['Name']; print dict
dict.clear(); print dict
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Conditional Statements
#!/usr/bin/python #!/usr/bin/python
if boolean statement: if boolean statement1:
#code #code
else: elif boolean statement2:
#code #code
else boolean statement3:
#code
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While Loop
#!/usr/bin/python
while expression:
statement(s)
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For Loop
#!/usr/bin/python #!/usr/bin/python
for num in range(0, 20): for num in range(0, 20):
statement(s) statement(s)
else:
#!/usr/bin/python
statement(s)
somelist = *…+
for item in somelist:
statement(s)
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Python Functions
#!/usr/bin/python
a = 10
def myFunc():
print "Value of a:”, a;
return
myFunc()
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Problems
1. Find the sum of all the multiples of 3 or 5 below 1000.
2. By considering the terms in the Fibonacci sequence
whose values do not exceed four million, find the sum of
the even-valued terms.
3. What is the largest prime factor of the number 14256
4. A palindromic number reads the same both ways. The
largest palindrome made from the product of two 2-digit
numbers is 9009 = 91 × 99.
Find the largest palindrome made from the product of two
3-digit numbers.
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Reading from Keyboard
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