Integrated Applications

UNIT 12 INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS

Structure
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Objectives
12.3 Integrated Software Applications
12.4 Advantages and Business Utility
12.5 The Competition
12.6 Business Software Solutions from SAP
12.7 Business Software Solutions from People Soft
12.8 Business Software Solutions from Oracle
12.9 Business Solutions from Microsoft
12.10 Summary
12.11 Unit End Exercises
12.12 Reference and Suggested Further Readings

12.1 INTRODUCTION
In the present competitive business age everybody wish to choose a system that suits
his business processes. Integrated systems are the systems that help in integrating
key business and management functions. They provide a high-level view of all the
activities that are going on in the business. In the earlier days, data used to be
collected from different nodes and then compiled in the form of a summary report.
All these processes were too time consuming. Presently the software does this
compilation or integration work. There are many packages that integrate the activities
of different business divisions and thus allow the businesses to devote more time on
productive things. However there are different needs of different business and one
should be careful in deciding about a software that would be useful to him. Any
company looks for these packages to integrate its corporate functions like finance,
manufacturing and human resources. This is a critical activity. As a budding manager
you should be able to understand the system requirement of your company. You
should be able to define the information flow, information requirements and
information usage so that you gain competitive edge. This unit is thus an attempt to
keep you updated on the latest in the business solutions area.

12.2 OBJECTIVES
After reading this unit you should be able to
• Explain the concept of integrated software applications;
• Describe their advantages and business utility; and
• Discuss the business solutions offered by market leaders.

12.3 INTEGRATED SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS

Literal meaning of “Integration” is combination or amalgamation. In terms of
computer terminology, “Integration” is a broad term for any software that serves to
join together or act as a go-between between two separate and usually already
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Information Systems - IIIntegrated software applications for business gives you the
existing applications.
ability to integrate the diverse information sources pertaining to your business into a
single framework. This integrated information can then be shared by applications
such as Customer relationship Management (CRM), Supply Chain Management
(SCM) and Business process Re-engineering (BPR) systems.

Let us see the definitions (source: http://www.webopedia.com) of the terms that we

have used above:

ERP: Short for enterprise resource planning, a business management system that
integrates all facets of the business, including planning, manufacturing, sales, and
marketing. As the ERP methodology has become more popular, software applications
have emerged to help business managers implement ERP in business activities such
as inventory control, order tracking, customer service, finance and human resources.

CRM: Short for customer relationship management. CRM entails all aspects of
interaction a company has with its customer, whether it be sales or service related.
Computerization has changed the way companies are approaching their CRM
strategies because it has also changed consumer-buying behavior. With each new
advance in technology, especially the proliferation of self-service channels like the
Web and WAP phones, more of the relationship is being managed electronically.
Organizations are therefore looking for ways to personalize online experiences (a
process also referred to as mass customization) through tools such as help-desk
software, e-mail organizers and Web development applications.

SCM: Short for supply chain management, the control of the supply chain as a
process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer. Supply
chain management does not involve only the movement of a physical product (such
as a microchip) through the chain but also any data that goes along with the product
(such as order status information, payment schedules, and ownership titles) and the
actual entities that handle the product from stage to stage of the supply chain.

There are essentially three goals of SCM: to reduce inventory, to increase the speed
of transactions with real-time data exchange, and to increase revenue by satisfying
customer demands more efficiently.

In computing, SCM typically is used in reference to software applications that enable

more efficient management of the supply chain.
BPR: Short for Business Process Re-engineering. It is aimed to make radical
changes in an organization from the ground up in an aim to improve performance and
make more efficient use of resources. The concept of BPR generally includes the
use of computers and information technology to organize data, project trends, etc.
(Source: http://www. computeruser.com/resources/dictionary)
Many big companies are giving high importance to software integration. Today
nobody wants to access data stored in multiple systems. They want to build strong
links between business systems and make information flow better. Let us take an
example, suppose you want to place an order through the net. An integrated software
solution will, on one hand, take that order, shift it and allocate them to the
manufacturing plant and on the other hand place order for the raw materials on the
basis of the stock, update the financial position of the company with respect to
suppliers and the inventory and so on. Many people have given different names to the
integration of ERP, SCM, BPR and CRM. These names include e-business,
c-business, m-business and KM etc.
There are many software that do these integration activities. To name a few there
are software known as Baan, Fourth Shift, Frida, JD Edwards One World, Manage
2000, Masterpiece - MP/Net, Micro strategy, Oracle e-Business Suite, People Soft
2 SAP R/3. We will discuss few among them.
and
 Integrated Applications
12.4 ADVANTAGES AND BUSINESS UTILITY

There is a lot of interest among IT solution providers about packages that help in
ERP, SCM, BPR and CRM. The plea given is that they help in real business growth.
Companies actually want to integrate their diverse business processes to simplify
operations for faster decision-making. Many companies have realized that if they
have to survive and grow, they have to use tools that can provide quicker and useful
information and cut costs to increase efficiency. Till now IT was used in large and
multinational companies only. Small companies were not willing to invest more on IT.
In India, on an average, small and medium companies were reluctant to invest more
than 2-5% on IT. Circumstances have changed now. Businesses are not trying really
hard to reap the benefits of IT for gaining competitive advantages. IT has given
businesses a chance to generate information in real-time and thus grab opportunities
that were non-existent or unseen earlier. With the development of cutting-edge
technology, we have seen evolution of many systems that has adapted market
demands. IT is readily providing business solutions now. These solutions provides a
platform to integrate all processes in an organization enabling it to plan, trace and see
its 4-m resources (materials, machines, men and money) in the best possible ways to
service customers and reduce costs. If you want that your Business should survive
with low overheads and still run efficiently then you have no choice but to opt for IT
solutions.
A typical business solution is an integration of ERP, BPR, SCM and SCM. While
ERP can take care of functions like accounts production planning, payroll and
marketing etc., BPR can be used simultaneously to cut-down on all non-value added
business processes and paperwork. These systems are the enablers of change in the
business for better. With the help of these systems your business can compete better.
These systems if combined with the web help you to reach your customers most
cost-effectively. There would be no cost incurred on travel and communication and
no cost incurred on setting up offices and employees.
The key to establishing a good IT system lies in the proper planning. Businesses
should first specify their needs, processes and key data. They should clearly specify
the kind of information and its flow. Once these specifications are done, it is the
integration of information that is required. Once integration is done, information is
accessible to every department around the company.

4th

3rd

2nd

1st

Putting a Website
on the Internet

Online E-commerce
Shop on Internet

Using CRM & SCM to

Connect Suppliers and
Customers
Running your Entire
Company Using
Web-based ERP

Figure 12.1: Generations of E-business 3

Information
Given above Systems - II
is a pictorial representation of the generations of e-business. By this you
would be able to appreciate why we are talking about integrations and business
solutions and what place it has in the present world. It can also be seen that many of
the businesses in India have not yet touched the first generation even. It can be seen
that 4th generations business solutions are using web to integrate all systems. ERP is
used in a broader term here.

Activity A
Take the case of your organization or any other organization of your choice. Classify
the activities of the organization with respect to the generations of e-business.
Mention all the features by virtue of which you have done this classification.

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12.5 THE COMPETITION

In this unit we would introduce to some of the leading players providing IT based
business solutions. But before entering what these players are offering, lets see the
interesting competition that is prevailing presently.

SAP is the third largest independent software company in the world. Microsoft has
taken an entry into SAP’s market. SAP was founded in 1972 by five former IBM
employees with a purpose of reducing expenditure on programmers for basic
functions like order processing and bookkeeping. It offered a set of pre-built software
programs. SAP was the first to redesign its software to work with distributed client-
server networks. Their products gained prominence with their application suite “R/3”.
Microsoft and Oracle are the only companies that sell more software than SAP.

ERP market
Just this minute

DataResearch DPU

Figure 12.2 : ERP Market Just this Minute

Source: http://www.dpu.se/rankerp_e.html
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It is the market for small and midsize companies that triggered theIntegrated Applications
competition with
Microsoft launching its products. As the figure 12.1 suggests that there is a fight to
increase the market share. PeopleSoft has already acquired its next smallest
competitor, J.D. Edwards and Oracle launched an aggressive bid for PeopleSoft. As
there are major shifts in technology and new buying trends, these companies have to
innovate in order to grow. In tune to this SAP has introduced NetWeaver with easier
modification features and more enhanced ability to work with other systems.

SAP is now trying to prevent Oracle’s acquisition of PeopleSoft. It is also not ready
to accept Microsoft as a major competitive force in the business applications market.
In a nutshell there is so much of competition in the market that big players like SAP
recently re-launched an initiative to tackle smaller accounts with a cheaper, scaled-
down version of its software while striking up reseller partnerships with computer
dealers that cater to small businesses.

12.6 BUSINESS SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FROM SAP

There are rapid changes in business world. New products are introduced and new
alliances are set-up. The companies, which are previously operating locally, are
looking for expansion of global markets. There is manifold increase in competition.
SAP is a world leader in business software solutions, with industry-specific products
for virtually every aspect of operations. SAP claims that its solutions are built on such
technologies that they will integrate with any systems. This is an important property
as it enables to preserve your previous investment on it and do not have to major
changes while migrating to SAP.

Figure 12.3: Global Picture of SAP Business Solutions

SAP offers highly specialized solutions and is the world leader is evident from the
figure 12.3. With installations in 60000 customer locations in 120 countries, SAP is
developed and supported by more than 28000 professionals from its global network.
Its popularity can be verified from the fact that 19000 organizations worldwide run on
SAP. SAP claims that its solutions are designed in such a way so that the businesses
get a better return on their technology investment. SAP claims to achieve great
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results for many - II
companies, large and small e.g. Brother International got a 129%
return on its investment on SAP’s customer relationship management program and
Volvo Construction Equipment achieved an 89% increase in sales, a 43% reduction in
shipping lead times, and a fourfold increase in revenue per employee with the help of
SAP’s supply chain management program. SAP’s solutions are available for many
industries like aerospace and defense, engineering, construction, and operations,
financial service providers, insurance, telecommunications and banking etc. SAP
offers a suite that helps businesses to respond more quickly to changing customer
needs and market conditions. SAP business suite includes CRM, Financials, HR,
SRM and SCM and many more. The table given below describes them.

Table 12.1: SAP Solutions Under its Business Suite

S.no Solutions Description

1 mySAP™ Customer The fully integrated CRM solution that

Relationship Management facilitates world-class service across all
customer touch points

2 mySAP™ Financials The leading solution for operational, analytical,

and collaborative financial management

3 mySAP™ Human Resources The HR resource that helps more than 7,800
organizations worldwide maximize their return
on human capital

4 mySAP™ Marketplace An online marketplace solution that allows your

company to buy, sell, and conduct business
around the clock and around the world

5 mySAP™ Product The collaborative solution that helps your

Lifecycle Management designers, engineers, and suppliers achieve new
levels of innovation

6 mySAP™ Supplier Covers the full supply cycle – from

Relationship Management strategic sourcing to operational procurement
and supplier enablement for lower costs and
faster process cycles
7 mySAP™ Supply The world’s number one SCM solution.
Chain Management Gives you the power to dramatically improve
your planning, responsiveness, and execution

Source: http://www.sap.com/

SAP claims that since its solutions are based on open technologies they can integrate
across technologies and organizations to bring together people, information, and
business processes. SAP software comes in two bundles mySAP™ All in One and
SAP® Business One. An all-In-One solution helps in management of financials,
human resources, supply chain, customer relationships, and other key business
processes and is good if you want industry-specific functionality. SAP business one is
good if you want to perform your core business functions.

Figure 12.4 show that SAP solutions share common values. They integrate people,
systems and thus information. They have the ability to expand the number of users or
increase the capabilities of computing solution users without making major changes to
the systems or application software. These solutions are capable of responding to
changing social, technological, economic and market conditions. These solutions are
easy to implement and cost effective if you look at the long-term costs. A lot of real-
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world experience is put into these solutions. Integrated Applications

Figure 12.4: Common Values of SAP Solutions

Source: (Based on http://www.sap.com/)

12.7 BUSINESS SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FROM

PEOPLE SOFT
We have been talking about the competition that is prevalent between the big players
in the market. As per the intentions shown in Figure 12.2, JD Edwards has already
become a part of PeopleSoft.

PeopleSoft offers solutions that are ideally suited for company-wide functions such as
human resources, finance, IT, procurement, marketing, services and sales across all
industries. It works on pure Internet architecture that makes integration easier.
PeopleSoft’s solutions are available for many industries like financial, government,
education, healthcare and other services industries. PeopleSoft offers solutions for
Customer Relationship Management, Financial Management, Human Capital
Management, Service Automation, Supplier Relationship Management and Supply
Chain Management.

The table given below describes them.

Table 12.2: People Soft Solutions Under its Business Suite

S.no. Solutions Description

1 PeopleSoft® Enterprise A comprehensive solution offering real-time

Customer Relationship intelligence for smarter decisions. Seamless
Management integration among customers, financials, supply chain,
and employee management systems possible

2 PeopleSoft® Enterprise With this you can achieve productivity gains,

Financial Management slash implementation time and costs & significantly
lower risks associated with human error, employee
changes, and other factors.

3 PeopleSoft® Enterprise It is an enterprise-wide business strategy to

Human Capital streamline, deploy, and align the workforce to
Management (HCM) drive a higher level of business performance.

4 PeopleSoft® Enterprise It is the only suite that gives you real-time

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Information Systems - II
Service Automation visibility and control over operating costs. You can
optimize your project investments, reduce project
delivery costs and maximize resources to increase
utilization

5 PeopleSoft® Enterprise It is a powerful solution that makes the entire

Supplier Relationship purchasing process more cost-efficient and
Management (SRM) enables more strategic and prudent spending
decisions.

6 PeopleSoft® Enterprise These are the solutions that promote business-to-

Supply Chain business interaction throughout the supply chain,
Management (SCM) from customer to supplier.

Source: http://www.peoplesoft.com/

In a nutshell, PeopleSoft offers a family of applications that are integrated. These

solutions have integrated business processes, data and applications. It gives power
and flexibility to enhance, deploy, and extend your applications.

12.8 BUSINESS SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FROM

ORACLE

Oracle has an e-Business suite that offers a complete set of applications, which are
capable of automating many functions of the daily business processes. Oracle’s e-
business suite encompasses a wide array of functions. Figure 12.5 is the
representation of such functions.

Figure 12.5: Oracle’s E-business Suit Applications

Source: http://www.oracle.com/

Oracle e-business suite is an integrated set of business applications that deliver

comprehensive procedural computerization and thus complete information.
Information finally helps businesses in taking more informed decisions. Oracle has got
a lot of satisfied customers like McData has found Oracle e-business suite to be a
seamless, fully integrated and modular business solution that has enabled them to
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meet the challenge of their growing business operations; American Integrated
Power Applications
Conversion deployed Oracle e-business suite to make reliable and accurate data
accessible to all its employees in real-time; TATA Teleservices gained by getting a
competitive edge in building customer relationships and GE Energy used this
integrated solution to identify their business opportunities. The table below gives you
a global view of different modules of Oracle e-business suite.

Table 12.3: Oracle Solutions Under its Business Suite

S.no. Solutions Description

1 Oracle Contracts Oracle Contracts automates the complete contract

lifecycle for multiple types of contracts. Oracle
Contracts provides a single view of your contracts
base to all departments .

2 Oracle Financials Oracle Financials is an integrated solution that gives

you complete visibility into your finances and control
over all transactions, while increasing the efficiency of
your operations.

3 Oracle Human Resources This solution readies your company to rapidly

Management System deploy the best resources for maximum employee
(HRMS) productivity, satisfaction, and retention.

4 Oracle Business Oracle business intelligence solutions help you

Intelligence meet the information needs of your users by providing
self-service, Web-based access to information. It
provides hundreds of pre-built reports and analytic
capabilities. Oracle addresses the full spectrum of
business intelligence requirements, such as data
quality, data analysis, and information access.

5 Oracle Learning Oracle Learning Management provides a

Management complete infrastructure that lets organizations manage,
deliver, and track training, in both online and
classroom environments.

6 Oracle Maintenance Oracle Maintenance Management helps you plan

Management and execute maintenance activity for any asset, as well
as keep track of information on asset costs and
activities throughout an enterprise.

7 Oracle Manufacturing Oracle Manufacturing is a set of collaborative

applications that optimize production capacity
beginning with raw materials through final products,
regardless of the manufacturing methodology used.

8 Oracle Marketing Oracle Marketing integrates with Sales, Finance and

the rest of your organization, for better planning and
execution. It drives profit by intelligently marketing to
the most profitable customers.

9 Oracle Order Oracle Order Management uses Oracle

Management Workflow to support tailored, automated fulfillment
processes, without the need for customization. It
captures demand from multiple channels using a
variety of communication methods.

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Information Systems - II

10 Oracle Procurement Oracle Procurement is an integrated set of applications

that connects all your purchasing functions, including
sourcing, purchase order management, receiving, and
payables, to give you a central repository of
purchasing information, along with fully automated,
self-service capabilities.

11 Oracle Product Oracle Product Lifecycle Management is

Lifecycle Management collection of applications that gives you a centralized
repository of product and project information that will
help you manage product activities collaboratively.

12 Oracle Projects Oracle Projects, a set of Internet-enabled applications,

delivers centralized project management functionality
and serves as a bridge between operations and
corporate finance to help you effectively manage the
full lifecycle of every project.

13 Oracle Sales Oracle Sales enables you to have comprehensive

customer and prospect information so that your sales
organizations can meet challenging revenue goals with
fewer resources. .

14 Oracle Supply Oracle Supply Chain Management lets you gain

Chain Management global visibility, automate internal processes and
readily collaborate with your suppliers, customers, and
partners.

Source: http://www.oracle.com/

We will now have a look at the business solutions offered by Microsoft.

12.9 BUSINESS SOLUTIONS FROM MICROSOFT

Microsoft Business Solutions offers integrated business applications for small and
mid-sized organizations and divisions of large enterprises as well. It creates
applications and services for retailers, manufacturers, wholesale distributors, and
service companies.
Table 12.4: Microsoft’s Integrated Applications

S.no. Applications Description

1 Analytics Manage budgets, create and consolidate reports, and

look for trends and relationships in any part of your
business.

2 Portals Deliver access to the data, applications, and services

your employees, customers, and business partners
need via a Web browser, and see them work more
efficiently with you.

3 Customer Relationship Manage customer groups, create and launch

Management marketing campaigns, track customer activity, and
organize sales and after-sales.

4 E-commerce Let customers and suppliers do business with you

anytime through Web sites or by connecting their
system directly to yours.
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 Integrated Applications

5 Field Service Management Set up and manage service contracts, enter and track
service calls, view schedules, and optimize workloads
across resources.
6 Financial Management Control your general ledger, payables, receivables,
inventory, sales process, purchasing, fixed assets,
and cash flow. Perform reconciliation and collections.
7 HR Management Manage your human resources from mapping,
recruitment, and employee registration, to skills
development and processing of payroll and benefits.
8 Manufacturing Coordinate your entire manufacturing process from
product configuration and supply and capacity
requirements planning, to scheduling and shop floor.
9 Project Management Manage your resources, forecast your costs and
and Accounting budgets, track time and expenses, and organize
contracts and billing.
10 Retail Management Run retail operations from point-of-sale to delivery.
Increase customer flow, speed up lines and tasks,
control inventory, and automate purchasing.
11 Supply Chain Organize single or multiple site warehouses; handle
Management order promising, demand planning, and online
collaboration with suppliers.

(Source: http://www.microsoft.com/BusinessSolutions/Highlights/buyers_guide.mspx

Microsoft carries out these business applications with the help of its array of business
solutions like Microsoft Axapta® which offers solutions for analytics, CRM, e-
commerce, financial management, HRM, manufacturing, project management and
SCM; Microsoft Great Plains® which offers solutions for analytics, portals, field
service management, financial management, HRM, manufacturing, project
management and SCM; Microsoft Navision® which offers solutions for analytics,
portals, e-commerce, financial management, HRM, manufacturing, project
management and SCM and Microsoft Solomon® which offers solutions for analytics,
CRM, e-commerce, financial management, project management and SCM. The
figure given below highlights this.

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Figure 12.6: Microsoft’s Business Solutions
Information Systems
Source: - II
http://www.microsoft.com/

Presented below is a systematic presentation of the integrated applications covered

by Microsoft and the business solutions it offers.

Table 12.5: Microsoft’s Integrated Applications and its Business Solutions

S.no. Application Solutions

1 Analytics Axapta, Enterprise reporting, Great Plains, Navision,

Solomon

2 Portals Great Plains, Navision Portal, Solomon, Enterprise Portal

3 Customer Relationship Axapta, Solomon, Field Service Management,

Management CRM, Outlook with Business Contact Manager

4 E-commerce Axapta, Great Plains, Navision, Solomon, Business

Network, Small Business Manager

5 Field Service Great Plains, Navision, Solomon

Management

6 Financial Management Great Plains, Navision, Solomon, Small Business

Manager, Axapta

7 HR Management Great Plains, Navision, Axapta

8 Manufacturing Great Plains, Navision, Axapta

9 Project Management Great Plains, Navision, Axapta, Solomon

and Accounting

11 Supply Chain Great Plains, Navision, Solomon, Small Business

Management Manager, Axapta, Business network

Source:http://www.microsoft.com/

So, you can see that there is a solution for virtually every thing that your business
needs. All the information that is given in the preceding sections is an attempt to
highlight the issue that there are solutions aplenty and the need is to use them
effectively to gain business advantage.

Activity B
Go to the websites of Oracle and SAP, list down five business advantages or
competitive edge that their customers achieved after the implementation of their
business solution.

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12.10 SUMMARY

Today’s business faces a number of technology related problems. They are often run
on separate software for each of their business processes like accounts, payroll,
office suites etc. Supporting computers often takes their productive time and hence
affects the business productivity as the employees are left with less time for doing
their primary jobs. This is the reason why businesses need products that are easy to
learn and use. Integration of business solutions emerges as an important tool here.
They connect your customers, suppliers and employees. Thus it works for your whole
business and not just one department. The unit has tried to explain the concepts of
integration and has highlighted the solutions, which are available in the market today.

12.11 UNIT END EXERCISES

1) What are the technology related challenges that are invisible to your organization?
Highlight the pitfalls? How integrated software applications can help in this?
2) What are integrated software applications? Talk about their advantages and
business utility.
3) Write notes on the business software solutions provided by
a) SAP
b) PeopleSoft
c) Oracle
d) Microsoft
4. Compare the Business solutions provided by Microsoft and SAP. Is the rivalry
justified? Clearly highlight the features which are common between the two.

12.12 REFERENCE AND SUGGESTED FURTHER

READINGS

http://www.microsoft.com/businesssolutions/default.mspx for information about

Microsoft business solutions.

http://www.oracle.com/applications/index.html?content.html for information about

Oracle Business Suite.

http://www.peoplesoft.com/corp/en/products/ent/index.jsp for information about

PeopleSoft Solutions.

http://www.sap.com/ for information about SAP Business Solutions.

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