Scribd
Upload
734 views5 pages

Statistics and Probability

Uploaded by

Mario Anacleto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
734 views5 pages

Statistics and Probability

Uploaded by

Mario Anacleto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Statistics and Probability

For Senior High School


Learning Modules

MODULE 1 – Random Variables and Probability Distributions

 Lesson 1.1 Random Variables


 Lesson 1.2 Probability Distribution of Discrete Random Variable
 Lesson 1.3 Mean of Discrete Probability Distribution
 Lesson 1.4 Variance of Discrete Probability Distribution

MODULE 2 – Normal Distribution

 Lesson 2.1 Properties of Normal Distribution and Areas Under the Normal Curve
 Lesson 2.2 Application of Normal Distribution

MODULE 3 – Sampling and Sampling Distribution

 Lesson 3.1 Sampling and Sampling Distribution


 Lesson 3.2 Mean and Variance of Sampling Distribution
 Lesson 3.3 Sampling Distribution of Large Sample Size (n ≥ 30)
 Lesson 3.4 Sampling Distribution of Small Sample Size (n ≥ 30)

MODULE 4 – Estimation of Parameters

 Lesson 4.1 Estimating Population Mean (µ) when is σ known or When n ≥ 30


 Lesson 4.2 Estimating Population Mean (p) for Large Sample Size

MODULE 5 – Test of Hypothesis

 Lesson 5.1 The Basics of Hypothesis Testing


 Lesson 5.2 Testing Hypothesis about Population Mean
 Lesson 5.3 Testing Hypothesis about Proportion

MODULE 6 – Mathematical Logic

 Lesson 6 Mathematical Logic


11

Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Radom Variables and Probability
Distributions
Lesson Radom Variables and Probability
1 Distributions

Random Variables

A random variable is a set whose elements are the numbers assigned to the outcomes of an experiment.
It is usually denoted by uppercase letters such as X, whose elements are denoted by lower case letters,
x1, x2, x3, and so on.

In some experiments such as tossing a coin three times, rolling a die twice, drawing two balls from an
urn and the like, we are not oftentimes concerned with every detail of the outcomes. We are usually
interested in some numerals associated with the outcomes. For instance, if a coin is tossed twice, the set
of all possible outcomes (S) of the experiment is:

S = {TT, TH, HT, HH}

If we are interested in the number of tails that comes out in the experiment, then we can assign
numbers 0, 1, and 2 for each of the 4 possible outcomes. Thus, we can write

Sample Space Number of Tails

TT 2

TH 1

HT 1

HH 0
Table 1.1
From the table 1.1, instead of Writing number of Tails, we can denote it as set X whose elements (x1, x2,
and x3) are 0, 1, and 2. In symbol,

X = {0, 1, 2}

Then X is called a Random Variable.

Types of Random Variables

in an experiment of tossing a coin n times, in X is the random variable determined by the number of tails
that will come out, then there is always a whole number (e.g. 0, 1, 2,….,n) that could be associated with
each outcome, regardless of whether n is finite ( countable) or infinite as the number of whole numbers.
This type of random variable is called discrete random variable. However, in a random variable Y,
determined by weight of students (in Kg) in any given moment, it is impossible for us to assign a whole
number for each weight. Because between two weights, there is always another value of weight. This is
called a continuous random variable.

A random variable X is said to be discrete random variable if it has a finite number of elements or
infinite but ca be represented by whole numbers. These values usually arise from counts.

A random variable Y is said to be continuous random variable if it has infinite number of elements and
cannot be represented by whole numbers. These values usually arise from measurements.

Example 1:

A teacher’s record has the following (a) Scores of students in a 50-item test, (b)Gender, (c) Heights of
the students

Let: X = Scores of students in a 50-item test

Y = Gender

Z = Height of the students

Classify each variable above as discrete or continuous.

Answer:

X = discrete random variable

Y= discrete random variable

Z = continuous random variable

You might also like