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Orddiffsolnlesson 11

The document discusses three math problems involving graphs of linear relationships between temperature/speed over time: 1) A graph shows how the temperature of an object in a room changes over time. The object reaches 0°C after 6 minutes and its temperature increases 5°C in the first 10 minutes. 2) A second problem gives the equation relating temperature C of a liquid to time t in hours. The graph is drawn and used to estimate C at t=5.5 hours and the time for C to decrease from 80°C to 60°C. 3) A third problem gives the equation relating speed v of an engine to time t in seconds. The graph is drawn and used to estimate v

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Graham Moore
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28 views

Orddiffsolnlesson 11

The document discusses three math problems involving graphs of linear relationships between temperature/speed over time: 1) A graph shows how the temperature of an object in a room changes over time. The object reaches 0°C after 6 minutes and its temperature increases 5°C in the first 10 minutes. 2) A second problem gives the equation relating temperature C of a liquid to time t in hours. The graph is drawn and used to estimate C at t=5.5 hours and the time for C to decrease from 80°C to 60°C. 3) A third problem gives the equation relating speed v of an engine to time t in seconds. The graph is drawn and used to estimate v

Uploaded by

Graham Moore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIFFERENTIATION & FUNCTIONS (Q 6, 7 & 8, PAPER 1)

LESSON NO. 11: LINEAR GRAPHS


2007
6 (b) A cold object is placed in a warm room.
Its temperature C degrees after time t minutes is shown in the following graph.

3
Temperature
2 C in degrees

1 Time t in
minutes
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-1
-2
-3

(i) After what time interval is the temperature of the object 0 degrees?

(ii) What is the rise in temperature of the object in the first 10 minutes?

(iii) The relationship between the temperature C and the time t is given by
C = 12 (t + k ).
Find the value of k.
SOLUTION
6 (b) (i)
Look at the graph. After 0 minutes the temperature is −3 degrees.
After 6 minutes the temperature reaches 0 degrees.
ANS: 6 minutes

3
Temperature
2 C in degrees

1 Time t in
6 mins minutes
5 degrees 0 1 3 4 7 8 9 10
2 5 6 11 12
-1
-2
-3

6 (b) (ii)
Look at the graph. After 0 minutes the temperature is −3 degrees.
After 10 minutes the temperature is 2 degrees.
Therefore, the change in temperature in the first 10 minutes is 2 − (−3) = 5 degrees.

CONT...
6 (b) (iii)
From the graph you can see that C = 2 degrees when t = 10 minutes.
C = 12 (t + k )
⇒ 2 = 12 (10 + k )
⇒ 4 = 10 + k
⇒ k = −6

2006
6 (b) The temperature, C, in degrees Celsius, of a liquid in an insulated container is related
to time t, in hours, by
C = 86 – 6t.
(i) Draw the straight line graph of this relation, putting t on the horizontal axis, for
0 ≤ t ≤ 8.

(ii) Use your graph to estimate the temperature when t = 5.5 hours.

(iii) Use your graph to estimate the time it takes for the temperature to fall from
80 degrees to 60 degrees.
SOLUTION
6 (b) (i)
C = 86 − 6t
As these graphs are straight lines, you only need to plot the first and last points in the domain.

t 0 8
86 86 86 t = 0: C = 86 − 6(0) = 86 − 0 = 86
OR
−6t 0 −48 t = 8 : C = 86 − 6(8) = 86 − 48 = 34
C 50 10
The two end points of your straight line are (0, 86) and (8, 34).
C
90
80
70
60
53 degrees
50
40
30
20
3.3 hours
10 t
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
5.5 hours
6 (b) (ii)
Go to 5.5 hours on the horizontal axis. Go straight up until you meet the straight line graph
and then go out to the vertical axis. Read off the temperature.
Ans: C = 53 degrees
CONT...
6 (b) (iii)
Draw lines from 80 degrees and 60 degrees on the vertical axis to the graph of the straight line
and go straight down to the horizontal axis. Measure the time between both points.
Ans: t = 4.3 hours − 1 hour = 3.3 hours

1998
6 (b) The speed, v, in metres per second of an engine moving along a track is related to
time, t, in seconds by
v = 13 (2t + 5).
(i) Draw the straight line graph of this relation, putting t on the horizontal axis,
for 0 ≤ t ≤ 8.
(ii) Use your graph to estimate the speed when t = 2.5 seconds.
(iii) Use your graph to estimate the time at which the speed reaches 6 metres per
second.
SOLUTION
6 (b) (i) As these graphs are straight lines, you only need to plot the first and
last points in the domain.

t = 0 : v = 13 (2t + 5) = 13 (2(0) + 5) = 13 (5) = 53 ⇒ (0, 53 ) is a point on the line.


t = 8 : v = 13 (2t + 5) = 13 (2(8) + 5) = 13 (21) = 7 ⇒ (8, 7) is a point on the line.

v (m/s)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)

6 (b) (ii)
v (m/s)
Start at 2.5 s along the horizontal axis and
9
go straight up till you meet the graph.
8
Now go straight across to the vertical axis
7
and read off the speed v. 6
∴ v = 3.3 m/s 5
4
3.3
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)
2.5
CONT...
6 (b) (iii) v (m/s)
Start at 6 m/s along the vertical axis and 9
go straight across till you meet the graph. 8
Now go straight down to the horizontal 7
axis and read off the time t. 6
∴ t = 6.5 s 5
4
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)
6.5

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