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Avogadroslaw

Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. It provided explanations for Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes and indicated that elemental gases like hydrogen and chlorine are diatomic. Avogadro's law also allowed for determining molecular weights of gases and provided a foundation for kinetic molecular theory. According to the law, if the amount of gas is increased, the volume increases proportionally, and vice versa if the amount decreases.

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40 views12 pages

Avogadroslaw

Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. It provided explanations for Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes and indicated that elemental gases like hydrogen and chlorine are diatomic. Avogadro's law also allowed for determining molecular weights of gases and provided a foundation for kinetic molecular theory. According to the law, if the amount of gas is increased, the volume increases proportionally, and vice versa if the amount decreases.

Uploaded by

Lhang Carno
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Avogadro’s law

Avogadro’s law
 Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac of France studied the volume

relationship of reacting gases.

 In 1809, he published his results. He summarized in a

statement known as GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW OF

COMBINING VOLUMES OF GASES: When measured at

the same temperature and pressure, the ratios of the

volumes of reacting gases are the small whole numbers.


Avogadro’s law

H2 + Cl2 → 2 HCl

1 volume 1 volume 2 volumes

1 molecule 1 molecule 2 molecules

1 mol 1 mol 2 mol


Avogadro’s law
 AVOGADRO’S LAW states that equal volumes of different gases

at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number

of molecules.

 If the amount of gas in a container is increased, the volume is

increased.

 If the amount of gas in a container is decreased, the volume is

decreased.
Avogadro’s law
 As you increase the amount of

gas (i.e. through inhalation) the

volume of the balloon

increases likewise.
Avogadro’s law
This law was a real breakthrough in understanding the nature of

gases.

1. It offered a rational explanation of Gay-Lussac’s law of combining

volumes of gases and indicated the diatomic nature of elemental

gases, such as hydrogen, chlorine and oxygen.


Avogadro’s law
2. It provided a method for determining the molecular weights of

gases of known molecular weight.

3. It afforded a firm foundation for the development of the kinetic

molecular theory.
Avogadro’s law
The mathematical form of Avogadro’s law is:

V ∝ κ ; V1 = V2

n n1 n 2

Sample problem 1

A sample of gas with a volume of 9.20 L is known to contain 1.225 mol. If the amount of

gas is increased to 2.85 mol, what new volume will result if the pressure and

temperature remain constant?


Avogadro’s law
Solution

Given: V1 = 9.20 L V2 = ?

n1 = 1.225 mol n2 = 2.85 mol

Solution:

V2 = n2V1 = (2.85 mol) (9.20 L) = 21.4 L

n1 (1.225 mol)
Avogadro’s law
Sample exercises

1. If 0.25 mol of argon gas occupies a volume of 7.62 mL at a

particular temperature and pressure, what volume would 0.43

mol of argon have under the same conditions?


Avogadro’s law
Sample exercises

2. At a certain temperature and pressure, a balloon with 10.0 g of

oxygen has a volume of 7.00 L. What is the volume after 5.00 g

of oxygen is added to the balloon?


The End

….. Thank You …..

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