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    Avian Influenza

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    jazz
    Avian influenza is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease of poultry caused by influenza A viruses. It is characterized by respiratory distress, hemorrhages, and death. The virus is an RNA orthomyxovirus that exists as different subtypes defined by their surface proteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. It spreads through the oral-fecal route and infects tissues through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Affected birds show cyanosis, edema, hemorrhages, and caseous exudate in various organs. The disease is diagnosed through its symptoms and lesions, as well as detecting the viral antigens.

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    Avian Influenza

    Uploaded by

    jazz
    94 views9 pages
    Avian influenza is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease of poultry caused by influenza A viruses. It is characterized by respiratory distress, hemorrhages, and death. The virus is an RNA orthomyxovirus that exists as different subtypes defined by their surface proteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. It spreads through the oral-fecal route and infects tissues through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Affected birds show cyanosis, edema, hemorrhages, and caseous exudate in various organs. The disease is diagnosed through its symptoms and lesions, as well as detecting the viral antigens.

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    2. Avian influenza

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    Avian influenza is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease of poultry caused by influenza A viruses. It is characterized by respiratory distress, hemorrhages, and death. The virus is an RNA orthomyxovirus that exists as different subtypes defined by their surface proteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. It spreads through the oral-fecal route and infects tissues through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Affected birds show cyanosis, edema, hemorrhages, and caseous exudate in various organs. The disease is diagnosed through its symptoms and lesions, as well as detecting the viral antigens.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    94 views9 pages

    Avian Influenza

    Uploaded by

    jazz
    Avian influenza is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease of poultry caused by influenza A viruses. It is characterized by respiratory distress, hemorrhages, and death. The virus is an RNA orthomyxovirus that exists as different subtypes defined by their surface proteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. It spreads through the oral-fecal route and infects tissues through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Affected birds show cyanosis, edema, hemorrhages, and caseous exudate in various organs. The disease is diagnosed through its symptoms and lesions, as well as detecting the viral antigens.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 9

    AVIAN INFLUENZA

    o  Avian influenza is a highly contagious viral disease of poultry


    characterized by high morbidity and mortality, serofibrinosis
    pericarditis, air sacculitis, pneumonia, sinusitis and caseous
    exudate in upper respiratory tract. This disease is also known as
    fowl plague and occurs in pandemic form.

    Etiology
    o  Orthomyxovirus
    o  RNA virus
    o  Several subtypes
    n  Haemagglutinin (H)
    n  Neuraminidase (N)
    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 1
    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Pathogenesis
    o  Faecal/ oral route is the main mode of transmission
    o  Virus adsorbs to glycoprotein receptors on the cell
    surface
    o  Virus then enters in the cell by receptor mediated
    endocytosis
    o  Pathogenicity of virus is due to haemogglutinin
    molecule
    o  Virus invades and replicates in tissues and organs

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 2


    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Macroscopic features
    o  Cyanosis of comb and wattle
    o  Oedema of face
    o  Respiratory distress
    o  Convulsions, blindness and paralysis
    o  Oedema of face
    o  Haemorrhage on epicardium, breast muscles,
    mesentery and inner surface of sternum
    o  Necrotic foci in spleen, liver, kidneys, intestine
    and pancreas

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 3


    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Macroscopic features
    o  Visceral gout and nephrosis with
    swollen kidneys
    o  Sinusitis with caseous or
    mucopurulent exudate
    o  Caseous exudates in air sacs

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 4


    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Avian influenza: Outbreak in India- 2006

    Haemorrhages on Proventriculus

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 5


    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Avian influenza: Outbreak in India- 2006

    Peri: Orbital Oedema Greenish Diarrohoea

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 6


    AVIAN INFLUENZA
    Avian influenza: Outbreak in India- 2006

    Soft Shelled Eggs Acute Heavy Mortality

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 7


    AVIAN INFLUENZA

    Microscopic features
    o  Perivascular cuffing by lymphocytes in brain,
    heart, spleen and lungs
    o  Coagulative necrosis in kidneys, spleen, lungs,
    pancreas and liver
    o  Oedema in myocardium and lungs

    o  Dialated tubules in kidneys with urate


    crystalline casts
    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 8
    AVIAN INFLUENZA

    Diagnosis
    o  High morbidity and mortality
    o  Symptoms and lesions
    o  Perivascular cuffing in brain which is absent in Ranikhet disease
    o  Demonstration of H and N antigens using HA/HI test

    Avian Pathology Prof RS Chauhan 9

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