Python3: Zero to Hero

Introduction to Python3 Programming Language

July 2017

Chariza Pladin
Data Analyst - Accenture Inc.
[email protected]
 ● Intro to Python
● Why learn Python
AGENDA ●
●
Basic Python Syntax
Coding Time!
● Python Q/A
 COURSE MODULE CODE COMPILER

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

Python

High-level programming language for

general-purpose programming, created by Guido
van Rossum and first released in 1991.
Python is great for backend web development,
data analysis, artificial intelligence, and scientific
computing. Many developers have also used
Python to build productivity tools, games, and
desktop apps, so there are plenty of resources to
help you learn.
Guido van Rossum

● University of Amsterdam
- MA in Mathematics and
Computer Science 1982

● Benevolent Dictator For

Life (BDFL)

● Google (2005 - Dec

2012)

● Dropbox (2012 - Present)

 “ I was looking for a hobby programming
project that would keep me occupied during the
week around Christmas. My office ... would be
closed, but I had a home computer, and not
much else on my hands. “
Why learn Python?
Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming
Great for
Beginners
 Python takes coding like natural
human-language.
Simple
Elegant
Syntax
 You don't need to define the
type of a variable in Python.
Not
overly
Strict
Expressive of Language

Python allows you to write programs having greater

functionality with fewer lines of code.
Very Flexible

As a dynamically typed language, Python is really

flexible. This means there are no hard rules on how to
build features, and you'll have more flexibility solving
problems using different methods.

Furthermore, Python is also more forgiving of errors, so

you'll still be able to compile and run your program
until you hit the problematic part.
Python on
Pseudocodes
Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming
Career
Opportunities
and
the Future
Salary Range
Companies that uses Python
Django-Powered Applications
The import
system
Modules importing
Modules

Modules can define functions, classes, and variables that

you can reference in other Python .py files or via the Python
command line interpreter.
Modules are accessed by using the import statement.
When you do this, you execute the code of the module,
keeping the scopes of the definitions so that your current
file(s) can make use of these.
Python Frameworks
DATA
SCIENCE
MACHINE
LEARNING
GAME
DEVELOPMENT
WEB
DEVELOPMENT
Basic Syntax
Variable

A variable is a location in memory used to store some data

(value).

We don't need to declare a variable before using it.

In Python, we simply assign a value to a variable and it will
exist. We don't even have to declare the type of the variable.
This is handled internally according to the type of value we
assign to the variable.
Variable Assignment

We use the assignment operator (=) to assign values to a

variable. Any type of value can be assigned to any valid
variable.
Multiple Assignment

In Python, multiple assignments can be made in a single

statement as follows:

If we want to assign the same value to multiple variables at

once, we can do this as
Basic Operators
Basic Operators

Python language supports the following types of operators.

● Arithmetic Operators
● Comparison (Relational) Operators
● Assignment Operators
● Logical Operators
● Bitwise Operators
● Membership Operators
● Identity Operators
Basic Operators

● + Addition
● - Subtraction
● * Multiplication
● / Division
● % Modulus
● ** Exponent
● // Floor Division
Python Comparison Operators

● == Equal
● != Not Equal
● > Greater than
● < Less than
● >= Greater than or equal to
● <= Less than or equal to
Python Assignment Operators

● = Equal
● += Add AND
● -= Subtract AND
● *= Multiply AND
● /= Divide AND
● %= Modulus AND
● **= Exponent AND
● //= Floor Division
Python Bitwise Operators

● & Binary AND

● | Binary OR
● ^ Binary XOR
● ~ Binary Ones Complement
● << Binary Left Shift
● >> Binary Right Shift
Python Membership Operators
Python Identity Operators
Python Data Types
Data Types

Numeric Types
● int: Integers;
● long: Long integers of non-limited length;
● float: Floating-Point numbers, equivalent to C doubles
● complex: Complex Numbers

Sequences Types
● str: String;
● bytes: a sequence of integers in the range of 0-255; only available in Python 3.x
● byte array: like bytes, but mutable
● list
● tuple
Data Types (cont.)

Sets:
● set: an unordered collection of unique objects;
● frozen set: like set, but immutable

Mappings:
● dict: Python dictionaries, also called hashmaps or associative
arrays,
Mutable vs. Immutable Objects

Data types in Python can be distinguished based on whether objects of the type are
mutable or immutable. The content of objects of immutable types cannot be
changed after they are created.

Some immutable types: Some mutable types:

int, float, long, complex byte array

str list
bytes set
tuple dict
frozen set
List

List is the most versatile data type available in Python

which can be written as a list of comma-separated values
(items) between square brackets.

Important thing about a list is that items in a list need not

be of the same type.
List
Basic List Operations
Indexing, Slicing, and Matrixes
Built-in List
Functions
List
Methods
List
Methods
(cont.)
Tuple

Tuples are immutable which means you cannot update or

change the values of tuple elements.
Tuple Examples
Basic Tuple Operations
Indexing, Slicing, and Matrixes
Built-in
Tuple
Functions
Dictionary

Each key is separated from its value by a colon (:), the

items are separated by commas, and the whole thing is
enclosed in curly braces.

Keys are unique within a dictionary while values may not be.
The values of a dictionary can be of any type, but the keys
must be of an immutable data type such as strings,
numbers, or tuples.
Dictionary Examples
Accessing Values in Dictionary
Updating Values in Dictionary
Deleting Values in Dictionary
Dictionary
Function
and
Methods
Dictionary
Function
and
Methods
(cont.)
Built-in
Dictionary
Functions
Strings

Strings are amongst the most popular types in Python. We

can create them simply by enclosing characters in quotes.
Python treats single quotes the same as double quotes.
Creating strings is as simple as assigning a value to a
variable.
Accessing String Values

Python does not support a character type; these are treated

as strings of length one, thus also considered a substring.
Updating Strings

You can "update" an existing string by (re)assigning a

variable to another string. The new value can be related to
its previous value or to a completely different string
altogether.
Built-in
String
Methods
Built-in
String
Methods
(cont.)
Built-in
String
Methods
(cont.)
Built-in
String
Methods
(cont.)
Built-in
String
Methods
(cont.)
 Python Decision
Making

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

Decision Making

Decision making is anticipation of conditions occurring

while execution of the program and specifying actions
taken according to the conditions.

Decision structures evaluate multiple expressions which

produce TRUE or FALSE as outcome. You need to
determine which action to take and which statements to
execute if outcome is TRUE or FALSE otherwise.
Decision Making
Decision Making
 Python Loops

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

Loops

In general, statements are executed sequentially: The first

statement in a function is executed first, followed by the
second, and so on. There may be a situation when you need
to execute a block of code several number of times.

A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group

of statements multiple times.
Loops
Loops Control
Range()

-returns an immutable sequence object of integers between

the given start integer to the stop integer.

Syntax:
range(stop)
range(start, stop[, step])
Range() Parameters

start - integer starting from which the sequence of

integers is to be returned
stop - integer before which the sequence of integers is
to be returned.
The range of integers end at stop - 1.

step (Optional) - integer value which determines the

increment between each integer in the sequence
Scope
Resolution
and the
LEGB Rule
Scope

“hierarchy level” in which we search namespaces for certain

“name-to-object” mappings.
Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming
LEGB Rule

● Local can be inside a function or class method, for

example.
● Enclosed can be its enclosing function, e.g., if a
function is wrapped inside another function.
● Global refers to the uppermost level of the executing
script itself, and
● Built-in are special names that Python reserves for
itself.
Python Functions
Functions

A function is a block of organized, reusable code that is

used to perform a single, related action. Functions provide
better modularity for your application and a high degree of
code reusing.
 Function blocks begin with the keyword Any input
def followed by the function name and parameters or
parentheses ( ( ) ) arguments should
be placed within
these parentheses.
You can also define
parameters inside
the documentation these parentheses.
string of the
function or
docstring.

statement return [expression] exits a

function, optionally passing back an
expression to the caller.

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

Docstrings

A docstring is a string literal that occurs as the first

statement in a module, function, class, or method definition.
Such a docstring becomes the __doc__ special attribute of
that object.
Comments

Comments are little snippets of text embedded inside your

code that are ignored by the Python interpreter.

A comment is denoted by the hash character (#) and

extends to the end of the line.:
Functions Examples
 Coding Time

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

 Test Cases

● Random Password Generator

● Pangram Word Test
● If-Else Allergic Arithmetic Operations
● Weird Case and Mexican Wave

Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming

 Ask me
anything about
Python :)
Python3: Zero to Hero - Introduction to Python Programming