Appendix A2

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The heavy grade replacable handrail was checked against vertical, lateral and wave slam loading and was found to be adequate.

The purpose of this design is to check the adequacy of DOTL heavy grade fixed handrails against a vertical or horizontal point load of 1kN applied at any point of the handrail as specified by STDS-ST-SPE-1-0001- 01-00-00 Section 8.4. The handrail is also checked for adequacy against wave slam loading as required by STDS-ST-SPE-1-0001-01-00-00 Section 4.16.

The handrails are checked using MATHCAD spreadsheet for the local stress caused by in-service loading. Design checks are performed according to AISC - Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Allowable Stress Design

1.

INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this design is to check the adequacy of DOTL heavy grade fixed handrails against a vertical
or horizontal point load of 1kN applied at any point of the handrail as specified by STDS-ST-SPE-1-0001-
01-00-00 Section 8.4. The handrail is also checked for adequacy against wave slam loading as required by
STDS-ST-SPE-1-0001-01-00-00 Section 4.16.

2. DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS
2.1 The handrails are checked using MATHCAD spreadsheet for the local stress caused by in-service loading.

2.2 Design checks are performed according to AISC - Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, Allowable
Stress Design

3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Yield Strength Fy := 275  MPa

Poission Ratio := 0.3

Young's Modulus 5
E := 2.10  10  MPa
E 4
Shear Modulus G := = 8.077  10  MPa
2  (1 + )
kg
Density p := 7850 3
m
Corrosion allowance C r := 0mm

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-1 of A2-8 Rev :A


4. SEA PARAMETERS
kN
Sea water density w := 10.124  3
m

Maximum wave height (As per Structural Design H w := 14.4  m


Basis)
Corresponding maximum wave period Tw := 11.5  sec

Slamming coefficient (As per API-RP2A, Section C s := 5.5


C2.3.1b12 )

Permissible stress modifier Smod := 1.333

5. DESIGN CHECKS
5.1. VERTICAL LOAD OF 1 kN

The most critical position for a vertical load of 1 kN will be at the midspan of the 30mm dia member (at
location A in the figure). The member is conservatively assumed to be fixed at the ends and is checked for
adequacy.

Diameter of the solid pipe dact := 30mm

Effective diameter of the solid pipe d := dact - 2  C r

Unsuppported length of pipe lp := 950mm


2
Area of member  d  = 706.858  mm 2
Ab :=  
 2

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-2 of A2-8 Rev :A


4
Moment of inertia of the member Iv :=  ( d)
64
4 4
Iv = 3.976  10  mm
Iv
Section modulus Sv :=
 d
 
2
kN
Self weight of member SW := Ab  p  g = 0.054 
m
2
1kN  lp SW  lp
Maximum bending moment M max := + = 0.123  kN  m
8 12
M max
Actual stress developed under design condition act := = 46.343  MPa
Sv

Allowable bending stress cy := 0.75  Fy = 206.25  MPa


act
Unity check for moment UCmoment := = 0.225
cy

Check moment := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCmoment < 1

Unity check result Check moment = "OK"

1kN + SW  lp
Max shear force R max :=
2
R max
Actual stress developed under design condition vact := = 0.744  MPa
Ab

Allowable shear stress vallowable := 0.4  Fy = 110  MPa

vact
Unity check UCshear := = 0.007
vallowable

Check shear := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCshear < 1

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-3 of A2-8 Rev :A


Unity check result
Check shear = "OK"

3
1kN  lp
Member deflection 1 := 384  E  I = 0.267  mm
v
lp
Allowable deflection all := = 2.639  mm
360

Deflection check Check defl := "OK" if all  1


"NOT OK" otherwise

Deflection check result Check defl = "OK"

5.2. WAVE SLAM LOADING


As required by STDS-ST-SPE-1-0001-01-00-00 Section 4.16, the handrail is checked for adequacy against
the wave slam forces. The horizontal members are assumed to be fixed at the joints.

Diameter of the critical solid horizontal member dact := 30mm

Effective diameter of the solid pipe d := dact - 2  C r

Unsuppported length of pipe lp := 950mm


2
Area of member  d 2
Ab :=    = 706.858  mm
 2
4
Moment of inertia of the member Iv :=  ( d)
64
4 4
Iv = 3.976  10  mm
Iv
Section modulus Sv :=
d 
 
2
Hw m
Vertical water particle velocity Vw :=  = 3.934
Tw s

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-4 of A2-8 Rev :A


2
C s  w  d  Vw kN
Slamming force on the member Fsm := = 1.318 
2 g m

Maximum bending moment due to wave slam (self-weight 2


Fsm  lp
of structure has not been considered, conservatively, as M w := = 0.099  kN  m
slam is acting on the vertical direction) 12

Mw
Maximum bending stress sb := = 37.395  MPa
Sv

Allowable bending stress sy := 0.75  Fy = 206.25  MPa

sb
Unity check for bending UCsb := = 0.181
sy

Check sb := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCsb < 1

Unity check result Check sb = "OK"

Fsm  lp
Max shear force on the member R smax := = 0.626  kN
2
R smax
Actual stress developed under design condition vsact := = 0.886  MPa
Ab

Allowable shear stress vsall := 0.4  Fy = 110  MPa

vsact
Unity check UCss := = 0.008
vsall

Check ss := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCss < 1

Unity check result Check ss = "OK"

4
Fsm  lp
Member deflection s := 384  E  I = 0.335  mm
v

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-5 of A2-8 Rev :A


lp
Allowable deflection sall := = 2.639  mm
360

Deflection check Check sdefl := "OK" if sall  s


"NOT OK" otherwise

Deflection check result Check sdefl = "OK"

5.3. LATERAL LOAD OF 1 kN


The most critical position for a lateral load of 1 kN will be at the top of the 48mm dia member (at location B
in the figure). The member is conservatively assumed to be a cantilever at the bottom and the intermediate
horizontal mebers are assumed to provide no restraint against the loading. Since the members are welded,
we can safely assume that three vertical members would share the lateral load

Diameter of the solid pipe dact := 48mm

Effective diameter of the solid pipe d := dact - 2  C r

Unsuppported length of pipe lp := 1150mm


2
Area of member  d 2
Ab :=    = 1809.557  mm
 2
4
Moment of inertia of the member Iv :=  ( d)
64
5 4
Iv = 2.606  10  mm

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-6 of A2-8 Rev :A


Iv
Section modulus Sv :=
 d
 
2
1kN  lp
Maximum bending moment M max := = 0.383  kN  m
3

M max
Actual stress developed under design condition act := = 35.306  MPa
Sv

Allowable bending stress is cy := 0.75  Fy = 206.25  MPa

act
Unity check for bending UCmoment := = 0.171
cy

Check moment := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCmoment < 1

Unity check result Check moment = "OK"

1kN
Max shear force R max :=
3
R max
Actual stress developed under design condition vact := = 0.184  MPa
Ab

Allowable shear stress vallowable := 0.4  Fy = 110  MPa

vact
Unity check UCshear := = 0.002
vallowable

Check shear := "NOT OK"


"OK" if UCshear < 1

Unity check result Check shear = "OK"


1kN 3
 lp
3
Member deflection 2 := = 3.088  mm
3  E  Iv

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-7 of A2-8 Rev :A


lp
Allowable deflection all2 := = 6.389  mm
180

Deflection check Check defl := "OK" if all2  2


"NOT OK" otherwise

Deflection check result Check defl = "OK"

6. CONCLUSION
The heavy grade replacable handrail (from GNLC-ST-STD-1-0525-07-00_A2) was checked against a
vertical load or lateral load of 1 kN at the most critical locations and wave slam loading and was found to be
adequate.

Doc G00A-ST-RPT-01-00137-107-00 Appendix A2-8 of A2-8 Rev :A

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