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Rajah 2.1 Menunjukkan Dua Tong Gas Yang Mengandungi Dua Jenis Hidrokarbon Yang Mempunyai Tiga Atom Karbon Per Molekul

The document discusses hydrocarbon compounds containing three carbon atoms. It provides examples of reactions involving unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, including hydrogenation and hydration. It also discusses the preparation of propanol from an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Additionally, it compares butane and kerosene as fuels for cooking and explains which is better based on carbon percentage and soot production. The document further provides molecular and empirical formulas for several compounds and discusses the use of sodium azide to inflate vehicle airbags through decomposition.

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Tai Ziking
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653 views6 pages

Rajah 2.1 Menunjukkan Dua Tong Gas Yang Mengandungi Dua Jenis Hidrokarbon Yang Mempunyai Tiga Atom Karbon Per Molekul

The document discusses hydrocarbon compounds containing three carbon atoms. It provides examples of reactions involving unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons, including hydrogenation and hydration. It also discusses the preparation of propanol from an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Additionally, it compares butane and kerosene as fuels for cooking and explains which is better based on carbon percentage and soot production. The document further provides molecular and empirical formulas for several compounds and discusses the use of sodium azide to inflate vehicle airbags through decomposition.

Uploaded by

Tai Ziking
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Diagram 2.

1 shows two gas tanks containing two types of hydrocarbon with three carbon atoms per
molecule respectively.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan dua tong gas yang mengandungi dua jenis hidrokarbon yang mempunyai tiga atom
karbon per molekul

(a) State
the State homologous series for the unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Nyatakan siri homolog bagi hidrokarbon tak tepu ini

Alkene
(b) The unsaturated hydrocarbon can be converted to saturated hydrocarbon through reaction D.
Hidrokarbon tak tepu boleh ditukarkan ke hidrokarbon tepu melalui tindak balas D.
(i) State the name of reaction D.
Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas D.

Hydrogenation
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occur.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku

C2H4 + H2 -----> C2H6


(c) Propanol can be prepared from the unsaturated hydrocarbon through hydration reaction. State
one of the conditions for this reaction.
Propanol boleh disediakan daripada hidrokarbon tak tepu melalui tindak balas penghidratan.
Nyatakan satu keadaan yang diperlukan bagi tindak balas ini.

Use high temperature in the reaction

Diagram 2.2 shows two reagent bottles containing two types of organic compound.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan dua botol reagen yang mengandungi dua jenis sebatian organik

(i)
Write the chemical formula for the compound formed when both of the organic compounds
react.
Tuliskan formula kimia bagi hasil yang terbentuk apabila kedua-dua sebatian organik bertindak
balas.

C3H7OH + CH3CH2COOH ----> CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 + H2O

(ii) State one physical property for the compound formed.


Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
Produce a fruity smell.

(iii)Mimi used a cooking gas which is butane gas, C4H10, while Misah used kerosene, C12H26 in
preparing rendang for Hari Raya Celebration. They found out that the wok used on stove with
kerosene was covered with lots of soot.
Which substance is a better fuel for cooking? [Relative atomic mass : H = 1, C = 12]
Explain.
Mimi menggunakan dapur gas iaitu gas butana, C4H10, manakala Misah menggunakan dapur
minyak kerosin, C12H26 semasa menyediakan rendang untuk Hari Raya. Mereka mendapati kuali
yang digunakan di atas dapur minyak kerosin mempunyai jelaga yang banyak. Bahan yang
manakah lebih baik digunakan sebagai bahan bakar untuk memasak?
Terangkan. [Jisim atom relatif : H = 1, C = 12]

Butane : 48/58 x 100% = 82.76%

Kerosene : 144/170 x 100% = 84.71%

Butane contains less percentage of carbon , less soot is produced ,more easier to
combust,more suitable to cook.
2. Table below shows the empirical formulae and the molecular formulae of three compounds.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan formula empirik dan formula molekul bagi tiga sebatian.

(a) (i) State the meaning of empirical formula.


Nyatakan maksud formula empirik.

Chemical formula of a substance that shows the simplest whole number ratio of
atoms of each element in the compound.

(ii) Relative molecular mass of compound L is 88.


Determine the molecular formula of compound L.
[Given that relative atomic mass : H = 1, C = 12, O = 16]

88/(12+12+4+16) = 2 n=2

(C2H4O)2 = C4H8O2

b) Write the empirical formula of compound K.


Tulis formula empirik bagi sebatian K
(C20H24N2O2) / 2 = C10H12NO

(c) Diagram below shows an airbag in a vehicle which is automatically inflated to protect passengers
during accidents.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beg udara di dalam kenderaan yang mengembang secara automatik untuk
melindungi penumpang semasa kemalangan.

Sodium azide, NaN3 is used to inflate safety airbags in some vehicles. It decomposes rapidly when
heated to produce nitrogen, N2 gas that expands the airbag according to the following equation.
Natrium azida, NaN3 digunakan untuk mengembangkan beg udara di dalam kenderaan. Ia terurai dengan
sangat cepat apabila dipanaskan dan menghasilkan gas nitrogen, N2 yang akan mengembangkan beg
udara seperti persamaan kimia di bawah.

(i) Interpret the chemical equation in quantitative terms.


Tafsirkan persamaan kimia dari segi kuantitatif.

2 mol of sodium azide produces 2 mol of sodium and 3 mol of nitrogen gas when
heated.

(ii) Calculate the volume of nitrogen gas produced from the decomposition of 19.5 g sodium azide,
NaN3. [Given that relative atomic mass : N = 14, Na = 23 ] [Molar
3 -1
volume of any gas at room condition is 24 dm mol ]
Hitung isipadu gas nitrogen yang dihasilkan daripada penguraian 19.5 g natrium azida, NaN3.
[Diberi jisim atom relatif : N = 14, Na = 23]
Isipadu molar sebarang gas pada keadaan bilik ialah 24 dm3 mol-1]
19.5 / (23+14(3)) = 0.3 mol

0.3mol NaN3 is used ,0.45 mol of N2 is produced.

0.45 x 24 = 10.8 dm3

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