Week 13 Learning Guide - Muscles (Cont.)

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Week 13 Learning Guide: Muscles (cont.

 Muscle Contraction:

o Steps of Contraction:

o Implications of Cross Bridges:

 Relaxation:

o Endomysium:

o Perimysium:

o Epimysium:

o Tendons:

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 Aponeurosis:

 Types of Muscle Action: (4 Categories)

Category Function

Prime mover (agonist)

Synergist: aids agonist

Antagonist: opposes agonist

Fixator

 Muscle Tissue

 Muscle Characteristics:

o Responsiveness (excitability):

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o Conductivity:

o Contractility:

o Extensibility:

o Elasticity:

 Types of Muscle:

o Skeletal

o Smooth

o Cardiac

 Tendons and Force Generation:

 Microscopic Muscle Cell Anatomy:

o Nuclei:

o Sarcolemma:

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o Sarcoplasm:

Composition:


o Sarcoplasmic Reticulum:

 Terminal Cisternae:

 T-Tubules:

o Myofibrils:

 Myofilaments (microfilaments): 3 Types

1. Thick Filaments (myosin):

2. Thin Filaments (actin):

a. F Actin:

b. G Actin:

c. Tropomyosin:

d. Troponin C:

3. Elastic Filaments (titin/connectin):

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o Muscle Striations

 Sarcomere:

 A Band:

 H Band:

 I Band:

 Z Disc:

 Sliding Filament Theory:

 Motor Unit:
-

o Motor Unit Size:

 Small Motor Units:

 Large Motor Units:

 Neuromuscular Junction:
-

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o Components:

 Synaptic Knob:

 Motor End Plate:

 Synaptic Cleft:

 Neurotransmitter:

 Signal Transmission

o Neuromuscular Junction Events:

o Resting Membrane Potential:

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o Membrane Potential:

 Charge difference: (across membrane)

 Ion contribution depends on:

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