MODEL N18-4.

9(470℃)
18MW CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL

(3)

0-1004-1763-3000-00

QINGDAO JIENENG STEAM TURBINE GROUP CO., LTD.

DECEMBER,2015
 INSTALLATION AND 0-1004-1763-3000-00
QINGDAO JIENENG STEAM OPERATION MANUAL
MODEL N18-4.9(470℃)
TURBINE GROUP CO., LTD.
18MW CONDENSING STEAM TURBINE
Page of

Contents
1.Test before starting ------------------------------------------------------- 1
2.Cold start-up at rated parameters ---------------------------------------- 3
3.Variable parameter start-up ---------------------------------------------- 8
4. Hot start-up ---------------------------------------------------------------9
5.Maintenance and inspection during normal operation of steam turbine -----10
6.Shut-down -----------------------------------------------------------------11
7.Precaution and handling of accidents and failures -------------------------12

资 料 来 源 编 制
校 对
审 核
提出部门 标准审查
标 记 处 数 更改文件号 签 字 日 期 批准文号 审 定

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 Preface
This manual mainly gives a description on the basic requirements for the operation of
the steam turbine, while the practical operation rules for the power plant could be
defined in accordance with the concrete condition of the user, in reference to the
operation rules for the boiler and generator and through tests.
1. Preparatory work before start-up
1.1 The static test for the regulating system of steam turbine
1.1.1 The static test mainly to check if the connection of each pipeline is correct and if
the protectors are in normal operation.
1.1.2Start-up the electrical centrifugal oil pump, pull up the manual shut-down
valve, and establish the security oil pipeline.
1.1.3Fully open the start-up valve slowly, observe that if the MSV is fully open
and if the primary and secondary pulse oil pressure are normal.
1.1.4Press the manual shut-down valve, check that if the MSV can close quickly.
1.1.5 pull up the manual shut-down valve again，establish the security oil pipeline，
and change the power transmission of shut-down solenoid valve, check that if the
MSV can close quickly.
1.2 The valve position calibration test of regulating system
（Note：The electric components wiring of DEH system must be correct, pay
special attention not to misconnect the high and low voltage circuit, dry
contact circuit and relay circuit. Or the electricity will damage the electric
components.）
The calibration of servomotor limit: When the digital governor output 4mA oil
signal, hydraulic converter will output regulating oil signal of 0.15Mpa, the
piston of servomotor is on the top (that is 0 position); When the digital
governor output 20mA oil signal, hydraulic converter will output regulating oil
signal of 0.45Mpa, the piston of servomotor is on the bottom (that is fully open
position). Conduct the test for pulling valve of digital governor before start-up,
and adjust the servomotor limit again.

valve position calibration step is as follows:

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1.2..1Check all the hydraulic components are connected with electrical, power
on the electric governing and electric hydraulic converter.
1.2.1.1 Pull 0% of the digital governor, that is to output 4mA electric signal, the
electric hydraulic converter will output regulating oil signal of 0.15Mpa, and
if the servomotor is at the 0 position, adjust the bolt to make it leave the 0
position by rotating regulating slide valve , then adjust the bolt to make the
servomotor back to the 0 position by rotating regulating slide valve (To
ensure that the pilot valve is on the balance position when servomotor is at 0
position ).
1） 1.2.1.2 Pull the valve of electric governing system gradually to 50%, that is
to output 12mA electric signal gradually, adjust the electric hydraulic
converter to make it output the regulating oil signal of 0.3Mpa, and the
servomotor is just in the middle position.
2） 1.2.1.3 Pull the valve of electric governing system gradually to 100%, that is
to output 20mA electric signal gradually, adjust the electric hydraulic
converter to make it output the regulating oil signal of 0.145Mpa, and the
servomotor is just in the fully open position.

1.2The test of condenser

In order to ensure the running performance of the unit, before the condenser put into
operation officially, the water side must be taken water pressure test and the steam side have to
carry out irrigation experiment. If the vacuum system can not reach to the design requirement,
the rigor test of the vacuum system must be taken.
1.2.1The water pressure at water side :
The pressure of water pressure test is 1.3 times of the design pressure of the condenser,
water temp. of water pressure should no less than 15℃. Test steps are as follows:
1.2.1.1Close all the valve gate connected with water chamber.
1.2.1.2Pour cleaned water and increase pressure to the pressure that the drawing requires。
1.2.1.3 Keep this pressure for 10 minutes.
Pay attention to the flange, in water chamber, hole and all connected welding joint, ensure
there is no leakage, water seepage and if the water chamber is out of shape. Stop the test if
there is any problem and take remedial action.
1.2.2 The irrigation experiment at the steam side
In order to check the installation condition of the shell and cooling pipe, it is essential to
take irrigation test before the condenser running, but it can not be taken with the same time

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 of the water pressure test. The temp. of the irrigation test should be no less than 15℃. Take
the irrigation test before the restart after the steam turbine overhaul. The steps are as
follows:
1.2.2.1 Close all the valve gate which connected with shell.
1.2.2.2 Pour clean water, the height of irrigation should over 300mm than the joint of the
condenser and exhaust adapter.
1.2.2.3Keep this height for 2 hours。
If find leakage in the joint of cooling water and pipe plate, all attachment weld in shell,
water seepage and whole outer shell out of shape and other condition, the test should be stopped,
and draw off clean water to check, find the reason of the problem and take action.
1.2.3 The leak test for the vacuum system
If the vacuum system of the unit can not reach the design requirement, we should carry
out leak test for vacuum system to judge if the unit vacuum system is rigor. The step is as
follows:
1.2.3.1 Close the air extraction gate,, the vacuum of the condenser falling slowly, record the
vacuum gauge 1 minute later and open the air gate, After the condenser vacuum stay stable,
close the air gate with the above method, and record three 1 minute vacuum falling speed
respectively.
1.2.3.2 Calculate the average test results of three times, it is well if the vacuum falling speed
less than 660Pa/min, detect leak and eliminate defects if the leak test is unqualified.

2. Cold start-up at rated parameters

2.1 Preparatory work before start-up
2.1.1 Check carefully the steam turbine, generator and all auxiliaries to ensure that the
installation or maintenance has been completed and finished.

2.1.2 Make free contact with the central control room, boiler section and electric
power section.
2.1.3 Following inspections will be taken for the oil system.
2.1.3.1 Oil piping and all devices in the oil system are in a perfect state and no oil
leakage in the oil system.
2.1.3.2 Inside the oil tank, oil level is normal, oil quality is good and the floater of oil
level gauge can move up and down freely.
2.1.3.3 Oil drain valves of both oil tank and oil cooler are closed tightly.
2.1.3.4 Keep open both the oil inlet and outlet of the oil cooler, and precautions will be
made against any error operation. The oil inlet and outlet of stand-by oil cooler will be
closed.

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2.1.3.5 Open the inlet and outlet valves of the motor-driven oil pumps.
2.1.3.6 Remove all of the makeshift sieves or blocking plates which have been
attached before the bearings before washing the pipelines.
2.1.3.7 Charging Nitrogen in the accumulator to prescribe pressure.
2.1.4 Following check-ups will be taken for the steam and water systems:
2.1.4.1 In advance, the electric isolation valve in the main steam pipe has been given a
test on its manual and automatic close-and-open action.
2.1.4.2 Close all the isolation valves, main stop valve and check valve on main steam
pipeline and extraction pipeline, and open the direct drain valve and anti-corrosive
valve in the main steam pipe. Open the direct water drain valve of casing.
2.1.4.3 Open the steam valve in the gland piping to the shaft gland cooler as well as
the drain valve of the shaft gland cooler.
2.1.4.4. All steam pipes will be allowed of a free expansion.
2.1.4.5 Open the main cooling water valve of the oil cooler. Close the water inlet
valve while opening the water outlet valve.
2.1.5 Following inspections will be taken for the governing and safety systems:
2.1.5.1 All components have been assembled properly and can act freely.
2.1.5.2 The steam governing valve complies with the requirement in pretension.
2.1.5.3 The electric governor passes its self-checking.
2.1.5.4 All safety devices are in switch-off position.
2.1.1.6 Check the sliding key system. All cold clearances at different positions will be
checked and the data thus obtained will be recorded. Fill lubricating oil to the sliding
plane between the front bearing housing and base plate.
2.1.7 Check all instruments, sensors, transmitters and signaling devices.
2.1.8 Open the valves in the signal pipes connecting to individual instruments.
2.1.9 Once the above inspections and preparations are completed and nothing wrong
is found, notify the boiler section to supply steam for pipe warming.
2.2 Warming-up (in front of the isolation valve)
The time and procedure for the warming-up will be decided by such factors as the
initial temperature of the piping, initial steam condition, the thickness of pipe wall and
flanges, and the length of warming pipe, and so on Warming-up falls into LP
warming-up and boosting warming-up.
2.2.1. Fully open the atmospheric drain valve while raising the pressure in the piping
to 0.2~0.3MPa(g) gradually, with metal temperature rise rate limited to 5℃/min., then

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make a 20～30 minutes pause at the pressure for warming-up. Once the steam
temperature rises up to 130～150℃, stop the LP warming-up.
2.2.2. Boosting warming-up will be conducted according to following requirements:
Press.（MPa） Boost rate（MPa/min） Temp. rise rate（℃/min）
0.3~0.6 0.05 5
0.6~1.5 0.1 5
1.5~4.9 0.2 5

During the above boosting period, the opening of the water drain valve is to be
adjusted continuously in response to the drain water flow reached in order to
minimize the loss of working fluid.
2.3 Start the auxiliary oil pumps, and check the governing and safety systems under
static condition.
2.3.1 Start the motor-driven LP oil pump and check the followings:
2.3.1.1 Lubricating oil pressure and bearing oil flow.
2.3.1.2 Leakage of the oil flow path.
2.3.1.3 Level in the oil tank. For the first starting of a new steam turbine unit or the
unit just having a general overhaul, sufficient oil will be prepared before filling oil
into the oil pipes in order to replenish the oil tank.

2.3.2 Test turning gear :

a. Inspect the rotation hand of motor.
b. Put turning gear into operation manually.
2.3.3 Start the motor-driven HP oil pump and test the safety devices for their
trip-off action, as follows:
2.3.3.1 Start the turning gear
2.3.3.2 Switch in all safety devices
2.3.3.3 Respectively open main stop valve and steam governing valve and make each
safety devices trip off, and then check main stop valve, steam governing valve and
extraction valve for a speedy closure as a result.
2.3.3.4After confirming that everything comes up to standard through the above tests,
switch in all safety devices once again and turn down the hand wheel of the starting
valve to the extreme.
2.3.3.5 Check the MSV for tight closure.

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2.3.4 Warming-up (in front of the main stop valve)
Both the steam turbine and the main steam pipe from the isolation valve to the main
stop valve are to be warmed concurrently.
2.5 Start the condensing system for vacuum pumping
2.5.1 Start the circulating water pump.
2.5.1.1 Fully open the circulating water outlet valve while slightly open the inlet valve
of the condenser.
2.5.1.2 Start the circulating water pump while open the inlet valve fully.
2.5.2 Open the valve in the condensate re-cycle pipe and shut off the condensate valve
leading to the feed-water regenerative pipe.
2.5.3 Start on trial the two condensate pumps alternatively. Once the test on the
linkage device proves out, put either of the condensate pumps into service, as
followings:
2.5.3.1 Fill condensing or chemically treated water into the steam side of the
condenser to the 3/4 of hot well level.
2.5.3.2 Open the inlet valve of the condensate pump.
2.5.3.3 Open the valve in the air piping between the outer shell of the condensate
pump and the steam side of exhaust device.
2.5.3.4 Check if the condensate pump is full of water. Open the water inlet cock for
the packing of the pump. Start the condensate pump while slowly opening the outlet
valve of the pump.
2.5.4 Put water-jet air ejector for vacuum pumping.
2.5.5 It is forbidden to supply steam to shaft gland prematurity.
2.5.6 Fill the LP heater full of water at water side; Fully open the steam valve and air
valve at steam side, pumping vacuum along with the condenser.
2.5.7 During start-up, vacuum will reach to 0.055~0.06MPa（400~450mmHg）.
2.6 Start-up
2.6.1Start motor-driven HP oil pump with the outlet oil temperature of oil cooler not
less than 25℃.
2.6.2Put the turning gear into operation.
2.6.3 Put shaft gland cooler into operation to supply steam to shaft gland. When the
inlet steam temperature of surge tank exceeds 300℃, spray water for attemperation
and adjust the valve for a pressure 0.097~0.099MPa (abs.) in the steam side.

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2.6.4 Open the by-pass valve for the isolation valve. During warm-up, reduce the pressure
by by-pass valve.

2.6.5 Make sure that the electric governor passes a self-checking, and then swing the
handle of starting valve to the position of fully open. Open the main stop valve and
close the regulating door. The rotor would not speed-up.
2.6.6 Reset the electric governor. Start the unit by manual or auto-driven. After the
rotor goes into rotation, check the flow passage, shaft glands and main oil pump for
abnormal noise, if any. Check if the turning gear detaches off and turning gear motor
stops running once the speed of rotor exceeds that of turning gear. The jacking oil
pump would stop working once the speed exceeds 200r/min.
2.6.7 When the inlet oil temperature of a bearing is higher than 40~45℃, put the oil
cooler into service so as to keep the outlet oil temperature of oil cooler at 35~45℃.
2.6.8 The control over acceleration of the steam turbine is as illustrated by the start-up
curve in the Volume 1 of Installation and Operation Manual.
2.6.9 During the speed-up period, supervise the followings closely:
(1) Oil temperature, pressure and level
(2) Temperature and scavenge oil flowing condition of bearings
(3)Working condition of oil pumps
(4) Expansion of casing, axial displacement of rotor and expansion difference
(5) Temperature difference between the upper and lower halves of the casing, inner
and outer wall of flange, and that of flange and bolt.
(6) Vibration of the unit
1.6.10. During the speed-up period, pay attention to the followings:
1.6.10.1 Regulate the water drain valves in the main steam line, extraction pipeline
and the casing proper to let out the drain water until it is exhausted completely, where
after, close the said drain valves.
2.6.10.2 In case of any abnormality found in the oil system, stop the acceleration to
find out the causes.
2.6.10.3 In case of any abnormal noise or vibration in the oil system, reduce the speed
for a check-up.
2.6.10.4 In case of any abnormal thermal expansion, stop the acceleration for a
check-up.
2.6.10.5 Put the water spray header into operation once the exhaust chamber exceeds

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80℃.
2.6.10.6 Strictly control both the metal temperature rise rate and the metal temperature
difference of the casing as follows:
Temperature rise rate of casing wall: <4℃/min
Temperature difference between upper and lower halves of casing: <50℃
2.6.10.7 After warming-up process and a normal expansion of the unit is assured,
open the isolation valve gradually and close the by-pass valve.
2.6.11. When the rotor goes up to the rated speed, check the following:
(1) Inlet and outlet oil pressure of the main oil pump
(2) Pulse oil pressure
(3) Temperature of bearing oil and pads, and lubricating oil pressure
(4) Accomplish the exchange between the mail oil pump and starting oil pump.
2.6.12. While making each safety device trips off respectively, check the main stop
valve, steam governing valve and extraction valve for a rapid closure as a result.
2.6.13. An over-speed test will be needed for the steam turbine that has the first
start-up, after a major overhaul or has a stoppage to be more than 1 month, which is to
be conducted after the turbine runs for 1 hour taking 20% of the rated load. In doing
so, reduce the load to zero and then do the following:
2.6.13.1 Conduct an EHC over-speed test by raising the rotor speed to 3270r/min, as a result,
EHC over-speed protection will trip off.
2.6.13.2 Conduct a MHC over-speed test by raising the turbine speed to 3300~3360
r/min, as a result, emergency governor will trip off, if not, hit the emergency governor
pilot valve with hand at once for a shut-down of the unit.(EHC system will cause an
automatic shut-down at the speed of 3390 r/min.).
2.6.13.3 After trip-off, emergency governor is to be reset when the rotor speeds down
to 3060~3030r/min.
2.6.14 Make sure that all are normal during start-up and then put the generator into the
power grid.
2.7 Taking load
2.7.1 Taking electric load
2.7.1.1 With the exception of some special demand, the turbine will not run in no-load
for a long time. Once the generator is put into the power grid, the unit will take on an
electrical load of 5％ the rated value. The temperature at the exhaust casing is not

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allowed to exceed a value ranging 100～120℃ during no-load running, and a value
ranging 60~70℃ after the unit carries a load.
2.7.1.2 The control over the loading is illustrated by the loading curve in the Volume
1 of the Installation and Operation Manual.
2.7.1.3 During loading procedure, be ware to control the metal temperature rise rate,
relative expansion, expansion difference and temperature difference, the control
indexes of which are same to the requirements for acceleration.
2.7.1.4 When loading, attention will be paid to the adjustment and switchover of
relevant systems and equipment.
2.7.1.5 Supervise closely the vibration of the unit. Stop the load-up process at any
increment of vibration and hold it at the load for 30 minutes. If it fails to eliminate the
vibration, reduce the load by 10～15 ％and hold it for more 30 minutes. If the
vibration still remains, an investigation to find out the causes will be required.
2.7.1.6 Put the LP heater into service once the unit takes load. The HP heater would
be put into service with LP heater according to the drain method or after the load
increased to a certain value.
2.7.2 Taking thermal load
2.7.2.1 The unit takes the 25% rated electric load.
2.7.2.2 Regulate the exhaust pressure exceeds 5% the pressure of heat grid, and
connect the backpressure exhaust pipeline.
2.7.2.3 The rising or reducing of heat load speed should be no more than 5t/min.
2.7.2.4 Pay more attention to control the rising and different of metal temperature, etc.
2.7.2.5Pay attention to the drain door on regulating exhaust pipeline, and keep it open
on a certain degree.
2. Sliding parameter start-up
Preparatory work for the sliding pressure start-up is same to that for the start-up
under rated parameters, with the exception that for the former, during the start-up
process, the steam condition before the steam turbine will vary in response to the
starting condition of boiler and the steam turbine unit will start simultaneously with
the boiler.
2.1 Preparatory work before the ignition of boiler
2.1.1 Open the motor-driven main gate valve and close both the main stop valve and
steam governing valve. Open the drain valves of the steam turbine proper.

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2.1.2 Close the inlet steam valve in de-superheat and pressure reduction by-pass line
and inlet water valve of attemperate water which goes forwarding to LP heat-grid.
Inlet steam valve and inlet water valve would switch in during starting according to
pressure and temperature.
2.1.3 Put oil system and turning gear into service.
2.1.4 Put oil system, and put into turning gear.
2.1.5 Start-up water jet air ejector vacuum pumping.
2.2 Ignition and pressure rise of boiler
2.2.1 When the vacuum reaches to 0.0267MPa(200mmHg), ignite the boiler.
2.2.2 Open the inlet steam valve in de-superheat and pressure reduction by-pass line
after the balance between the steam pressure and pressure of LP heat grid.
2.3 Start-up
2.3.1 When the steam pressure reaches up to 1.5MPa with temperature about
250~300℃
2.3.2 Start the unit and perform a warming –up practice according to speed-up curve.
2.3.3 When the unit goes up to rated speed, an overall inspection will be performed
and tests made on safety system.
2.3.4 Make sure that all are in normal condition, then put the unit into the power grid,
with the main steam condition being 2.0~2.5MPa and 300~350℃.
2.4 Taking load
2.4.1 Once being put into the power grid, the unit will take 5% of the rated load, while
gradually closing the steam inlet valve in the de-superheat and depressurization
by-pass line.
2.4.2 After the steam governing valve is fully opened, the unit load will be increased
through temperature and pressure rise of the boiler. Main steam pressure rise rate is
limited to 0.2~0.3MPa/min, temperature rise rate to 2~3℃/min. and load-up rate
250KW/min.
2.4.3 Strictly follow the indices of casing metal temperature rise rate, relative
expansion, difference of expansion and temperature, etc.
3. Hot start-up

The metal temperature 150℃ of the casing inner wall behind governing stage is
used as the demarcation line for defining hot start-up, namely, the start-up at higher

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than 150℃ is defined as hot start-up, and that at less than 150℃ as cold start-up. And,
hot start-up can be classified further to hot start-up and warm start-up according to the
stoppage time or the metal temperature of the casing inner wall. The restarting of the
unit will be defined as hot start-up in the case that it has just finished a stoppage time
of less than 24 hours or the metal temperature of the casing inner wall is higher than
300℃; and that defined as warm start-up in the case that the unit has just finished a
stoppage time of less than 48 hours or the metal temperature of the casing inner wall
is greater than 150℃.
3.1 Principle for hot start-up
3.1.1. Bending of the rotor is not greater than 0.06mm。
3.1.2 Metal temperature difference between the upper and lower halves of casing is
less than 50℃；
3.1.3 Inlet temperature is 50℃ higher than the temperature of the hottest component
of the steam turbine for fear that the component in high temperature state would be
cooled.
3.1.4 With the rotor being rotated by the turning gear, supply steam to the shaft gland
and then, make the vacuum pumping there. Make sure that the steam is
high-temperature steam.
3.1.5 The turning gear will work for no less than 4 hours.
3.1.6 In case of any vibration amplitude greater than 0.03mm when the unit runs at
less than middle speed, shut down the steam turbine immediately and put the turning
gear into running once again.
3.1.7Closely supervise the variation of expansion difference.
3.2 Operation of hot start-up
3.2.1 The hot start-up manner is same to cold start-up manner under rated condition,
with the exception of shorter time of speed-up and load taking, see the Volume 1 of
Installation and Operation Manual.
3.2.2 Vacuum will be kept above 0.067MPa(500mmHg).
3.2.3 Lubricating oil temperature will be not less than 40℃ before jogging the rotor.

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 4 Maintenance and inspection during normal operation of steam turbine

4.1 Keep the equipment clean and take care of the insulation
4.2 Record the readings of instruments regularly
4.3 Check and calibrate instruments periodically
4.4 Check the oil system periodically, as following
4.4.1 Keep the pipes clean, unblocked and free of oil leakage
4.4.2 Flush the oil cooler
4.4.3 Analysis of oil quality
4.4.4 The gauze would be washed clean in case of a pressure difference exceeding
0.05MPa between before and behind the oil strainer.
4.4.5 Examine the operation of oil purifier.
4.4.6 Examine the oil level in oil tank, drain off sedimentary water and oil residue,
and wash oil strainer gauze.
4.4.7 Check the motor-driven oil pump for automatic starting.
4.4.8 Pre-charge pressure of accumulator
4.5 Lubricating oil and grease will be injected regularly into pin joints of levers and
sliding plane between front bearing housing and base plate. Apply oily molykote at
positions of high temperature.
4.6 Flush the oil strainer gauze periodically.
4.7 Test the safety system periodically.
4.8. Move up and down the valve spindles of key valves such as the main stop valve
and electrical- operated isolation valves one or two times every day for preventing
valve spindle from any seizure, this practice must be done with the unit taking a
smaller load.
4..9 For the steam turbine which often takes a constant load, the steam governing
valve is to be examined periodically on its open-and-close action by means of
fluctuating the load within a short time periodically.
4.10 Frequency is limited to 48.5~50.5Hz.
4.11 The inlet oil temperature of all bearings will be kept in a range 35~45℃, and
generally, the temperature rise will not exceed10~15℃. The lubricating oil pressure
will be kept in a range 0.08~0.12MPa (g).

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4.12 Test the vacuum system for leakage regularly.
4.13 Following measures will be adopted for putting the stand-by oil cooler into
service:
4.13.1 Open the oil drain valve and check the oil discharging therefrom. Be sure that
neither sedimental water nor oil residue exists in the oil side of the stand-by oil cooler.
4.13.2 Slowly open the oil inlet valve of the stand-by oil cooler to fill in oil, and
meanwhile, open the air relief valve at the oil side to vent off air completely. See that
no oil pressure fluctuation occurs in the oil system during oil filling.
4.13.3 Open both the air relief valve and the water inlet valve at the water side of the
stand- by oil cooler following that the water outlet valve is opened, in order to let
water into the water side. As soon as the air has been exhausted, close the air relief
valve.
4.13.4 Slowly open both the oil outlet valve at the oil side and the water inlet valve at
the water side, be sure no fluctuation of lubricating oil pressure and temperature
occurs in doing so.
4.13.5 To stop an oil cooler in service, be ware to close the valves at the oil side and
water side slowly. For the water side, close the water inlet valve first and then the
water outlet valve.
4.13.6 Of the oil cooler, the pressure in the oil side will be higher than that in the
water side, with the water inlet valve being used to regulate the cooling water flow.

5. Shut-down

There are two manners of shut-down, normal shut-down and emergency shut-down.
5.1 Normal shut-down
5.1.1 Before the load reduction, notify all relevant sections for preparation.
5.1.2 Test all auxiliary oil pumps.
5.1.3 Test turning gear motor and jacking oil pump.
5.1.4 Check main stop valve and steam governing valve for any seizure appearing at
the valve spindles.
5.1.5 Check the by-pass.
5.1.6 Cut off the thermal load
a. Close the motor-driven isolated valve on extraction pipeline gradually.

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b. After the isolated valve closed tightly, to close the extraction valve by solenoid
valve.
5.1.7 Load reduction. For the unit which needs a restarting after a outage of short time,
a quick load reduction manner is to be adopted, by which the load will be reduced to
zero in 25 minutes; and for that after a outage of longer time, a slow load reduction
manner is to be adopted, by which the load will be reduced at the rate of 250KW/min
to its 10～15% first, and then reject the remains.
5.1.8 In reducing load, following measures will be adopted:
(1)The casing metal temperature fall rate does not exceed 1.5℃/min.
(2)According to the water level in the hot well of condenser, adjust the opening of
main condensate re-circle valve.
(3)Step-off the heater from HP side and stop the drain pump as the load reducing and
variety of extraction press.
(4) Supervise closely the expansion, expansion difference and vibration of the unit at
all time.
(5) Regulate the steam supply to shaft gland.
(6) In case that the valve is found to be stuck, which can not be eradicated during the
operation, gradually shut off the main stop valve or the electric isolation valve to
reduce the load until stoppage.
5.1.9. Reduce the load to zero. Strike the small spring cover atop the emergency
governor pilot valve to close the main stop valve after receiving the Step-off signal.
Check if the main stop valve has been closed tightly.
5.1.10.During the speed-down and shut-down procedure, check if the motor-driven oil
pumps go into service automatically, if not, start the starting oil pumps manually in
order to keep a lubricating oil pressure not less than 0.055MPa (g).
5.1.11. Stop the working of air ejectors to red
5.1.12 As soon as the vacuum drops to zero a uce the vacuum gradually, and then stop
the condensate pump. nd the rotor stops rotation, cut the steam supply to shaft gland.
Start the jacking oil pump before switching in turn gear. Put the turning gear into
service and then turning timing when the metal temp. of casing drops to 200℃
5.1.13Once the rotor stops rotating completely, put the turning gear into service until
the steam turbine becomes completely cold, i.e. the metal temperature of the casing
drops to less than 150 ℃.

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5.1.14.During the turning gear operation, the lubricating oil pump will take over its
service, until the unit becomes completely cold.
5.1.15.During the lubricating oil pump operation, adjust the outlet oil temperature of
the oil cooler to35~40℃.
5.1.16 Stop the service of the circulating water pump when the temperature of the
exhaust chamber drops to 50 ℃or less after the rotor rests for 1 hour. A stand-by
water source will be used instead to supply water to oil cooler for the turning gear
later.
5.1.17 Once the oil inlet temperature of oil cooler drops to less than 35℃, stop the
working of oil cooler.
5.1.18 Close all the valves in steam and water lines while opening the direct drain
valves. Close the drain valve connected to the casing proper and take strict measures
to stop leak steam from entering the casing.
5.2 Emergency shut-down
In case of an abnormal situation with the unit, an emergency shut-down will be
conducted, during which the steam admission will be cut out and total load rejected
immediately. As for emergency shut-down, following principle will be adopted.
5.2.1 An estimate of the nature and scope of accident will be made in the shortest
time.
5.2.2 Rapidly rid person and equipment of danger.
5.2.3 Resume power supply as soon as possible under condition that equipment is
guaranteed not to be damaged.
5.2.4 Avoid error operation.
6. Precaution and handling of accidents and failures

6.1 Emergency shut-down

An immediate shut-down will be affected under following circumstances:
6.1.1 The emergency governor fails to trip off when the turbine speed exceeds
3360r/min.
6.1.2 Vibration amplitude of a bearing housing exceeds 0.07mm.
5.1.3 Something goes wrong with the main oil pump.
6.1.4 Governing system works abnormally.
6.1.5The axial displacement limiting device or axial displacement monitor fails to act

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when the rotor axial displacement exceeds a limit value.
6.1.6 Temperature of bearing scavenger oil exceeds 70℃ or the metal temperature of
a bearing liner exceeds 100℃.
6.1.7 Oil system catches fire, which can not be extinguished immediately.
6.1.8 The oil level in the oil tank drops below the lower limit position suddenly.
6.1.9 Water hammer accident occurs.
6.1.10. Any abnormal sounds from inside the steam turbine have become audible.
6.1.11. A burst occurs in the main steam pipe.
6.1.12 The vacuum drops below 0.06MPa（450mmHg）
6.2 Following measures will be adopted in case that the main steam pressure and
temperature exceed specified values:
6.2.1When the main steam pressure exceeds the upper limit of a permissible range,
the steam flow will be throttled to reduce the pressure. If not, an outage is necessary.
6.2.2 Reduce the load in case the main steam pressure drops to 0.2 Mpa (g) less than
the lower limit of a permissible range.
6.2.3 An emergency shut-down will be necessary in case that the main steam
temperature is 5℃ higher than the upper limit of a permissible range and can’t be
reduced after running for 30 minutes under this condition The accumulated working
time under this condition must not exceed 400 hours annually.
6.2.4 Reduce the load in case that the main steam temperature is 5℃ less than the
lower limit of permissible range.

7. Starting, running requirement and the accident treatment of

the condenser

7.1 Starting of the condenser

Condenser must be put into running before the steam turbine start, firstly, put
the extraction equipment, to form a certain vacuum in condenser .check all the
valve gate associated with condenser before the condenser start, ensure they are in
the correct position. Turn on the release valve in the upper of the front and rear
water chamber at the same time, start inlet and outlet valve, the release valve closed
when meet water. To start the condensing water pump, pour chemical water in hot

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 well in advance. The height of the poured water should based on the suction head of
condensing water pump, then conduct the condensing water recycling. Stop starting
when the following condition appears:：
1,Main meter out of order, such as temperature gauge, vacuum meter, water gauge
of condenser.
2,Rough vacuum automatic protection device failed
3,Condensing water adjusting valve, condenser cycling water valve failed.
7.2 Side running of the condenser
When cooling pipe smudges, carry out side clean or cooling pipe break, when need
blocking pipe operation, this condenser allowed side running. Shut off the
circulating water corresponding to the half shell which needs to repair. When side
running, unit decrease load., at that time, close the stop valve from air extraction
pipe of upper half shell that stopped by cooling water to extraction equipment.
7.3 Decrease load running and the block up of condenser
When the steam turbine running with decrease load, note that if the vacuum and
water level of condenser are normal, if not, adjust recycling water gate. Make it in
the normal water level, note and maintain exhaust temperature normal at the same
time.
Note: If the condenser stop running over a week, emptying the water in condenser,
and drying it ,avoiding pitting.
7.4 Operation failure and accident treatment

Running faults of the condenser are mainly the vacuum falling. the vacuum
falling of condenser is not only affect the efficiency of the whole units but the life
and security of the unit. check the reason for the vacuum falling of condenser,
and try to eliminate.

7.4.1 Check if the running of the extraction equipment is normal, close air gate,
record the vacuum gauge reading for mixing chamber of the air extractor, if the
vacuum value rise immediately and teach the ideal vacuum, it means the extractor is
good, check the extractor again if the vacuum value changed little.
7.4.2 Check the exhaust temperature, condensing water inlet temperature and the temperature
rise, if the temperature rise too high, the circulating water maybe little, check circulating water
pump and inlet, outlet valve, if the difference of outlet end in the condenser is big, it means the
effects of the heat exchange pipe is poor, and it maybe scaling, and need to stop and clean the
heat exchange pipe, pay attention to the quality of the circulating water.

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7.4.3 Check the condensate depression of the condensing water, if the condensate depression
over 3 degrees, check if the hot well level is too high and if the vacuum system is rigorous, then
do the test for vacuum falling of condenser.
7.4.4 If the system is not rigorous, stop the unit and make leakage checking. Firstly is the
irrigation test for condenser, when make leakage checking to the irrigation, the height of the
irrigate water should reach to the bottom of the diaphragm groove, in order to check the rigor of
the nozzle interface connected with casing. Secondly is to check if all system pipes and
valves connected with vacuum system are rigorous.
7.4.5 When checking reason ,Alarm or stop the unit if the pressure of the condenser rise to the
alarming value or shut down value that stipulated by the unit. 。

7.4.6 If the vacuum of the condenser low and the running effect is not ideal, record the running
data bases on the site condition, in order to check the reson.

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