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STEEL COLUMN DESIGN

In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009 and the UK national
annex
Tedds calculation version 1.1.01
CHS 139.7x4.0 (Tata Steel Celsius)
Diameter, d, 139.7 mm
Mass of section, Mass, 13.4 kg/m

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Section thickness, t, 4 mm
Area of section, A, 1705 mm2
Radius of gyration about y-axis, iy, 47.998 mm
Radius of gyration about z-axis, iz, 47.998 mm
Elastic section modulus about y-axis, Wel.y, 56243 mm 3
Elastic section modulus about z-axis, Wel.z, 56243 mm 3
139.7 Plastic section modulus about y-axis, Wpl.y, 73679 mm 3
Plastic section modulus about z-axis, Wpl.z, 73679 mm 3
Second moment of area about y-axis, I y, 3928589 mm 4
Second moment of area about z-axis, I z, 3928589 mm 4

Column details
Column section CHS 139.7x4.0
Steel grade S355
Yield strength fy = 355 N/mm2
Ultimate strength fu = 470 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity E = 210 kN/mm2
Poisson’s ratio  = 0.3
Shear modulus G = E / [2  (1 + )] = 80.8 kN/mm2

Column geometry
System length for buckling about major axis Ly = 3000 mm
System length for buckling about minor axis Lz = 3000 mm
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the minor axis
The column is not part of a sway frame in the direction of the major axis
Column loading
Axial load NEd = 300 kN (Compression)
Moment about major axis at end 1 - Bottom My,Ed1 = 0.0 kNm
Moment about major axis at end 2 - Top My,Ed2 = 0.0 kNm

Moment about minor axis at end 1 - Bottom Mz,Ed1 = 5.0 kNm

Moment about minor axis at end 2 - Top Mz,Ed2 = 0.0 kNm
Single curvature bending about minor axis
Shear force parallel to major axis Vy,Ed = 2 kN
Shear force parallel to minor axis Vz,Ed = 2 kN
Buckling length for flexural buckling about major axis
End restraint factor; Ky = 0.850
Buckling length; Lcr_y = Ly  Ky = 2550 mm
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Buckling length for flexural buckling about minor axis

End restraint factor; Kz = 0.850
Buckling length; Lcr_z = Lz  Kz = 2550 mm

Section classification (Table 5.2)

Coefficient depending on fy;  = (235 N/mm2 / fy) = 0.814
Ratio of d/t; ratio = d / t = 34.92
Limit of d/t for class 1 section; Limit1 = 50  2 = 33.10
Limit of d/t for class 2 section; Limit2 = 70  2 = 46.34
Limit of d/t for class 3 section; Limit3 = 90  2 = 59.58
The section is class 2
Resistance of cross section (cl. 6.2)
Shear parallel to minor axis (cl. 6.2.6)
Design shear force; Vz,Ed = 2.0 kN
Shear area; Avz = 2  A /  = ;1086; mm2
Plastic shear resistance; Vpl,z,Rd = Avz  (fy / (3)) / M0 = 222.5 kN
Vz,Ed / Vpl,z,Rd = 0.009
PASS - Shear resistance parallel to minor axis exceeds the design shear force
Vz,Ed <= 0.5Vpl,z,Rd - No reduction in fy required for bending/axial force

Shear parallel to major axis (cl. 6.2.6)

Design shear force; Vy,Ed = 2.0 kN
Shear area; Avy = 2  A /  = ;1086; mm2
Plastic shear resistance; Vpl,y,Rd = Avy  (fy / (3)) / M0 = 222.5 kN
Vy,Ed / Vpl,y,Rd = 0.009
PASS - Shear resistance parallel to major axis exceeds the design shear force
Vy,Ed <= 0.5Vpl,y,Rd - No reduction in fy required for bending/axial force

Compression (cl. 6.2.4)

Design force; NEd = 300 kN
Design resistance; Nc,Rd = Npl,Rd = A  fy / M0 = 605 kN
NEd / Nc,Rd = 0.496
PASS - The compression design resistance exceeds the design force
Bending about minor axis (cl. 6.2.5)
Design bending moment; Mz,Ed = max(abs(Mz,Ed1), abs(Mz,Ed2)) = 5.0 kNm
Section modulus about minor axis; W z = W pl.z = ;73.7; cm3
Design resistance; Mc,z,Rd = W z  fy / M0 = 26.2 kNm
Mz,Ed / Mc,z,Rd = 0.191
PASS - The bending design resistance about the minor axis exceeds the design moment
Combined bending and axial force (cl. 6.2.9)
Ratio design axial to design plastic resistance; n = abs(NEd) / Npl,Rd = 0.496
Bending about minor axis (cl. 6.2.9.1)
Design bending moment; Mz,Ed = max(abs(Mz,Ed1), abs(Mz,Ed2)) = 5.0 kNm
Plastic design resistance; Mpl,z,Rd = W pl.z  fy / M0 = 26.2 kNm
Modified design resistance; MN,z,Rd = Mpl,z,Rd  min(1, (1 - n1.7)) = 18.2 kNm
Mz,Ed / MN,z,Rd = 0.274
PASS - Bending resistance about minor axis in presence of axial load exceeds design moment
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Buckling resistance (cl. 6.3)

Yield strength for buckling resistance; fy = 355 N/mm2
Flexural buckling about major axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,y = 2  E  Iy / Lcr_y2 = 1252 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; y = (A  fy / Ncr,y) = 0.695
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); a
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); y = 0.21
Parameter ; y = 0.5  [1 + y  (y - 0.2) +y2] = 0.794
Reduction factor; y = min(1.0, 1 / [y + (y2 -y2)]) = 0.850
Design buckling resistance; Nb,y,Rd = y  A  fy / M1 = 514.5 kN
NEd / Nb,y,Rd = 0.583
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance about the major axis exceeds the design axial load
Flexural buckling about minor axis
Elastic critical buckling force; Ncr,z = 2  E  Iz / Lcr_z2 = 1252 kN
Non-dimensional slenderness; z = (A  fy / Ncr,z) = 0.695
Buckling curve (Table 6.2); a
Imperfection factor (Table 6.1); z = 0.21
Parameter ; z = 0.5  [1 + z  (z - 0.2) +z2] = 0.794
Reduction factor; z = min(1.0, 1 / [z + (z2 -z2)]) = 0.850
Design buckling resistance; Nb,z,Rd = z  A  fy / M1 = 514.5 kN
NEd / Nb,z,Rd = 0.583
PASS - The flexural buckling resistance about the minor axis exceeds the design axial load
Minimum buckling resistance
Minimum buckling resistance; Nb,Rd = min(Nb,y,Rd, Nb,z,Rd) = 514.5 kN
NEd / Nb,Rd = 0.583
PASS - The axial load buckling resistance exceeds the design axial load
Combined bending and axial compression (cl. 6.3.3)
Characteristic resistance to normal force; NRk = A  fy = 605 kN
Characteristic moment resistance about major axis; My,Rk = W pl.y  fy = ;26.2; kNm
Characteristic moment resistance about minor axis; Mz,Rk = W pl.z  fy = ;26.2; kNm
y = if(abs(My,Ed1)<=abs(My,Ed2), My,Ed1 / if(My,Ed2>=0 kNm,max(My,Ed2,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed2), My,Ed2 / if(My,Ed1>=0
kNm,max(My,Ed1,0.0001 kNm),My,Ed1)) = 0.000
Moment distribution factor about major axis; y = My,Ed1 / My,Ed2 = ;0.000
Moment factor about major axis; Cmy = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4  y) = 0.600
Moment distribution factor about minor axis; z = Mz,Ed2 / Mz,Ed1 = ;0.000
Moment factor about minor axis; Cmz = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4  z) = 0.600
Moment distribution factor for LTB; LT = My,Ed1 / My,Ed2 = ;0.000
Moment factor for LTB; CmLT = max(0.4, 0.6 + 0.4  LT) = 0.600
Interaction factor kyy; kyy = Cmy  [1 + min(0.8,y - 0.2)  NEd / (y  NRk / M1)] = 0.773
Interaction factor kzy; kzy = 0.6  kyy = 0.464
Interaction factor kzz; kzz = Cmz  [1 + min(1.4, 2 z - 0.6)NEd / (z  NRk / M1)] = ;0.877
Interaction factor kyz; kyz = 0.6  kzz = 0.526
Section utilisation; URB_1 = NEd / (y  NRk / M1) + kyz  Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1) = 0.684
URB_2 = NEd / (z  NRk / M1) + kzz  Mz,Ed / (Mz,Rk / M1) = 0.751
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PASS - The buckling resistance is adequate