Scribd
Upload
42 views1 page

Sec. 2.4 Coulomb-Damped Free Vibration: (T) From Eq. (2.2.4) and Its Derivative U (T) Into Eq. (2.3.2)

This section discusses Coulomb-damped free vibration in systems. Coulomb damping results from friction between two dry sliding surfaces, where the friction force is equal to the coefficient of friction multiplied by the normal force. This type of damping requires solving two differential equations, one for motion in each direction, as the friction force direction changes with the direction of motion. An example mass-spring system with a mass sliding on a surface illustrates the free body diagrams and forces for the two directions of motion.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Junaid Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views1 page

Sec. 2.4 Coulomb-Damped Free Vibration: (T) From Eq. (2.2.4) and Its Derivative U (T) Into Eq. (2.3.2)

This section discusses Coulomb-damped free vibration in systems. Coulomb damping results from friction between two dry sliding surfaces, where the friction force is equal to the coefficient of friction multiplied by the normal force. This type of damping requires solving two differential equations, one for motion in each direction, as the friction force direction changes with the direction of motion. An example mass-spring system with a mass sliding on a surface illustrates the free body diagrams and forces for the two directions of motion.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Junaid Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

Sec. 2.

4 Coulomb-Damped Free Vibration 57

Thus, the total energy is independent of time and equal to the input energy of Eq. (2.3.1),
implying conservation of energy during free vibration of a system without damping.
For systems with viscous damping, the kinetic energy and potential energy could be
determined by substituting u(t) from Eq. (2.2.4) and its derivative u̇(t) into Eq. (2.3.2).
The total energy will now be a decreasing function of time because of energy dissipated in
viscous damping, which over the time duration 0 to t1 is
  t1  t1
ED = f D du = (cu̇)u̇ dt = cu̇ 2 dt (2.3.6)
o o

All the input energy will eventually get dissipated in viscous damping; as t1 goes to ∞, the
dissipated energy, Eq. (2.3.6), tends to the input energy, Eq. (2.3.1).

2.4 COULOMB-DAMPED FREE VIBRATION

In Section 1.4 we mentioned that damping in actual structures is due to several energy-
dissipating mechanisms acting simultaneously, and a mathematically convenient approach
is to idealize them by equivalent viscous damping. Although this approach is sufficiently
accurate for practical analysis of most structures, it may not be appropriate when special
friction devices have been introduced in a building to reduce its vibrations during earth-
quakes. Currently, there is much interest in such application and we return to them in
Chapter 7. In this section the free vibration of systems under the presence of Coulomb
friction forces is analyzed.
Coulomb damping results from friction against sliding of two dry surfaces. The fric-
tion force F = μN , where μ denotes the coefficients of static and kinetic friction, taken
to be equal, and N the normal force between the sliding surfaces. The friction force is
assumed to be independent of the velocity once the motion is initiated. The direction of the
friction force opposes motion, and the sign of the friction force will change when the direc-
tion of motion changes. This necessitates formulation and solution of two differential equa-
tions, one valid for motion in one direction and the other valid when motion is reversed.
Figure 2.4.1 shows a mass–spring system with the mass sliding against a dry surface,
and the free-body diagrams for the mass, including the inertia force, for two directions of

(a) (b) Direction of Motion (c) Direction of Motion

u w w
Coefficient
k of friction fI fI
m μ ku ku

F = μN F = μN
N N

Figure 2.4.1

You might also like