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Expt. No. 4 Determination of The Coefficient of Discharge of Different Types of Weirs Aim

The document describes an experiment to determine the coefficient of discharge of different types of weirs. It includes the aim, equipment, procedure, theory, observations and sample calculations for a sharp crested weir and Crump weir. The procedure involves measuring the head, discharge, and calculating the coefficient of discharge. Charts are made to show the relationship between discharge and head, and how the coefficient of discharge varies with the head/crest ratio.

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Nikita Khatriya
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68 views5 pages

Expt. No. 4 Determination of The Coefficient of Discharge of Different Types of Weirs Aim

The document describes an experiment to determine the coefficient of discharge of different types of weirs. It includes the aim, equipment, procedure, theory, observations and sample calculations for a sharp crested weir and Crump weir. The procedure involves measuring the head, discharge, and calculating the coefficient of discharge. Charts are made to show the relationship between discharge and head, and how the coefficient of discharge varies with the head/crest ratio.

Uploaded by

Nikita Khatriya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expt. No.

4
DETERMINATION OF THE COEFFICIENT OF DISCHARGE OF DIFFERENT
TYPES OF WEIRS
Aim
To determine the coefficient of discharge of a sharp crested weir and crump weir

Equipments
Open channel, scale, stop-watch, weights, different weirs (Sharp-crested and crump weir)

Procedure
1. The channel is first set horizontal by using screw jack.
2. The horizontal position is checked using the depth gauges at each end of the channel and
height of weir is measured by steel rule for all the three experiments separately.
3. The depth gauge is to be rested on the weir crest to measure the static head ‘h’ in case of
spillway.
4. Water is admitted to the channel by opening the control.
5. ‘H’ is measured by adding ‘h’ to the velocity head V2/2g
6. The discharge is then measured by noting down the time and the volume of a known weight
of water.
7. To obtain good accuracy it is desirable to measure the static head ‘h’ several times over the
interval and record the mean value. The flow is reduced in stages and at each stage both the
discharge and head are measured.

Theory:
Calibration of the weirs
The General Equation used for all the weirs is,
Q  Kh n (1)
Applying Logarithm on both sides, we get,
Log (Q) = Log (K) + n * Log (h), this equation is in the form of a straight line equation

1
Fig.1 Different types of sharp crested weir

(i) Sharp crested weirs:

The head discharge relationship for spillway is


3
2
Q  Cd B 2 gh 2 (2)
3
Where, Q is the discharge (m3/s), h is the static head of u/s water level above the crest, B is the
width and Cd is the coefficient of discharge.
Q
Cd  3
2 2 (3)
B 2g h
3

2
Fig. 2 Schematic view of sharp crested (spillway) weir used in the experiment

Observations
Height of crest above channel bed a = 47 mm
Width of channel, B = 75 mm
Sl Head Time Weight Discharge Area V Coefficient h/a LogQ Logh
no 'h'(mm) 't' (s) of water Q (m2) (m/s) of
collected (m3/s) Discharge
W (kg) (Cd)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Sample Calculation

Plot the following:


i) log Q vs log h, from the graph determine the value of Cd and compare with the
value estimated.
ii) Discharge- head curve of spillway, ie. the power law dependence of Q on h (Q as
f(h) by plotting h vs Q).
iii) Variation of Cd with h/a (Cd vs h/a).
(ii) Crump weir

3
It is a standard structure for measuring the discharge. The longitudinal section of weir is
triangular with 26.6 0 (1 in 2) slope at u/s face and 11.3 0 (1 in 5) slope in d/s face.

Fig. 3 Longitudinal section of a crump weir

After calibration of the weir Cd was found to be


Q
Cd  (5)
g B ( H  0.0003)1.5
Where, Q is the discharge (m3/s), h is the static head of u/s water level above the crest, B is the
width and Cd is the coefficient of discharge.

Observation Table
Sl. Head Time Weight Discharge Area V H=h+ Coefficient of
no 'h'(m) 't' (s) of water Q (m2) (m/s) Discharge
V2
collected (m3/s) (m) (Cd) from Eq (5)
2g
W (kg)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Observations
Height of crest above channel bed a =30 mm
Width of channel, B =75 mm

4
Sample Calculation

Discussion

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