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    Final Exam

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    James Domini Lopez Labiano
    This document contains the responses to questions from a public administration final exam. It summarizes key theories in public administration from thinkers like Woodrow Wilson, Henry Fayol, Max Weber, Douglas McGregor, and Frederick Taylor. It also discusses weaknesses of the Philippine bureaucracy like graft and corruption, red tape, patronage or "padrino" systems, and political dynasties. Additionally, it explains the need to separate powers among the three branches of government to prevent abuse and the view that public administration can be considered both a science and an art.

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    Final Exam

    Uploaded by

    James Domini Lopez Labiano
    216 views3 pages
    This document contains the responses to questions from a public administration final exam. It summarizes key theories in public administration from thinkers like Woodrow Wilson, Henry Fayol, Max Weber, Douglas McGregor, and Frederick Taylor. It also discusses weaknesses of the Philippine bureaucracy like graft and corruption, red tape, patronage or "padrino" systems, and political dynasties. Additionally, it explains the need to separate powers among the three branches of government to prevent abuse and the view that public administration can be considered both a science and an art.

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    This document contains the responses to questions from a public administration final exam. It summarizes key theories in public administration from thinkers like Woodrow Wilson, Henry Fayol, Max Weber, Douglas McGregor, and Frederick Taylor. It also discusses weaknesses of the Philippine bureaucracy like graft and corruption, red tape, patronage or "padrino" systems, and political dynasties. Additionally, it explains the need to separate powers among the three branches of government to prevent abuse and the view that public administration can be considered both a science and an art.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    216 views3 pages

    Final Exam

    Uploaded by

    James Domini Lopez Labiano
    This document contains the responses to questions from a public administration final exam. It summarizes key theories in public administration from thinkers like Woodrow Wilson, Henry Fayol, Max Weber, Douglas McGregor, and Frederick Taylor. It also discusses weaknesses of the Philippine bureaucracy like graft and corruption, red tape, patronage or "padrino" systems, and political dynasties. Additionally, it explains the need to separate powers among the three branches of government to prevent abuse and the view that public administration can be considered both a science and an art.

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    JAMES DOMINI L.

    LABIANO
    Theory and Practice Public Administration 200
    Final Examination

    Question #1. Insights on Public administration theories advanced by: Woodrow


    Wilson, Henry Fayol, Max Weber, Douglas Mcgregor and Frederick W. Taylor (45
    pts).

    Woodrow Wilson’s Theory on Public administration stresses on the division on


    Politics and Administration. He argues that elected executives or politicians should
    concentrate on creating policies that would benefit the country and its people. While
    administrators should focus on the execution of this policies, regardless of political
    affiliation. He also believe that a government should be run like a business and that
    hiring people should be merit based.
    Henry Fayol’s Administrative Theory on the other hand, focuses on the overall
    organization and focused on management. According to his study, sound
    management can be analyzed and studied. He then formulated 14 principles of
    organization that would help a management to be successful.

    Max Weber’s Bureaucratic Theory was conceptualized because Weber was


    interested in industrial capitalism. In his theory, he emphasized that a management
    should have a firm defined social order that is governed by guidelines, regulations
    and under an authority of most competed and qualified people. He called this type of
    rational organization “bureaucracy”.
    Douglas Mcgregor’s Theory X and Theory Y in Public Administration, was theorized
    because he wants to know the best approach to manage people. In this theory, he
    suggested that better managers are inclined to use Theory Y over Theory X,
    because Theory Y produces better results and performance thereby giving
    opportunities to people to grow and develop. If Theory Y will be implemented in
    Public Administration, civil servants would be more motivated in doing work.
    Frederick Taylor’s and his Scientific Method Theory of Management contributed to
    Public administration was to improve worker productivity and the appropriate work
    standard and fitting wages to the standard. Management should establish specific
    work targets, pay workers for the tasks and goals met, and provide regular feedback.
    Question #2. Philippine bureaucracy, weaknesses, problems and issues (25 pts).

    The Philippines had proclaimed independence on July 12, 1898 and since then we
    are still suffering from our government’s unhealthy bureaucracy. This is because of a
    dozen or more problems in our government system, laws and the people itself. First
    is graft and corruption, Corruption is the most non-tolerable type of administrative
    problem as it involves unethical usage of public funds for private purposes. It goes
    from as simple as bringing home of excess supplies from government offices to as
    grave as creating ghost projects for ghost beneficiaries and hiring ghost suppliers
    which costs millions of public funds. It has been a result of the administrative lack of
    required transparency which lets the government officials have their own discretion
    when it comes to the use of public funds. The next administrative problem is the
    existence of red tape system in the administration. Red tape is the excessive
    bureaucracy or adherence to rules and formalities especially in public businesses. It
    hinders the administration or a certain bureaucracy from functioning fast as the
    processes are long and must be followed when sometimes, the conditions does not
    even apply. While we have already an anti-red tape law in place, a lot remains to be
    done in terms of enforcing the policy and incentivizing people to encourage
    efficiency, on the part of the public servants, and vigilance among the public as end-
    users. Another problem which is not considered a problem by some people but
    rather an advantage to those who have certain governmental connections/networks
    is the Padrino System.  Yes, there may be a policy that requires civil servants to be
    hired based on merits (merit-based) and not on a patron-based system. However,
    the Padrino system still takes place when it comes to the situation in which there are
    many Civil Service Exam passers applying for the same position. Instead of looking
    further and testing the capacities of each applicant, the Padrino system, if applicable
    could somehow affect the decision-making. If one applicant has a so called “backer”
    or “padrino”, that person will have a better chance of being hired compared to the
    other applicants regardless of their credentials and experiences. Lastly would be the
    Political dynasties, generally understood as the concentration of political power in the
    hands of a family or clan, are an example of an extractive political institution. By
    concentrating and perpetuating power in families or clans, political dynasties prevent
    the emergence of broad-based political and economic institutions.

    Question #9. The indispensable separation of powers of the 3 branches of


    government. (15 pts)

    Why is there a need to separate the power of the state? Since history, unlimited
    power in hands of one entity, person or group in most cases others are curtailed and
    surprised by their powers. This is why the separation of powers/branches of
    government was created to prevent abuse of power and to safeguard freedom for all.
    The Executive that execute the laws, The Legislative that makes the laws and the
    Judiciary who complies and examine the laws if it is constitutional. This provides a
    system of Check and Balance. The principle “check” is to empower each branch to
    review the work of other branches, while balance aims to ensure that no individual or
    group of people in government is ‘all powerful’. Power is shared and not
    concentrated in one branch.

    Question #13. Public Administration as an art and science (15 pts).

    Since History, Public Administration was interpreted in various meanings. Is it an Art


    or a Science? In the field of discipline where you study about a certain knowledge or
    practice, Public Administration can be considered as a science, where you are
    thought about different theories and managerial approaches in an organization to be
    successful and efficient. On the other hand Public Administration is also an art,
    because after learning the Theories and Practices of a Public Administration, it is still
    the prerogative of the Public Administrator as to how he acts and implement this
    theories through the expression or application of human creativity and imagination
    which is art.

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