Epwm Pdpint-Trip Zone

TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Pulse
Width Modulator (ePWM) Module
Reference Guide
Literature Number: SPRU791E

November 2004 – Revised October 2008
2 SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008
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Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................... 9
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 13
1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 14
1.2 Submodule Overview ...................................................................................................... 14
1.3 Register Mapping........................................................................................................... 17
2 ePWM Submodules ................................................................................................... 19

2.1 Overview..................................................................................................................... 20
2.2 Time-Base (TB) Submodule .............................................................................................. 23
2.2.1 Purpose of the Time-Base Submodule ......................................................................... 23
2.2.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Time-base Submodule ....................................................... 24
2.2.3 Calculating PWM Period and Frequency....................................................................... 25
2.2.4 Phase Locking the Time-Base Clocks of Multiple ePWM Modules ......................................... 30
2.2.5 Time-base Counter Modes and Timing Waveforms .......................................................... 30
2.3 Counter-Compare (CC) Submodule ..................................................................................... 32
2.3.1 Purpose of the Counter-Compare Submodule ................................................................ 33
2.3.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Counter-Compare Submodule .............................................. 34
2.3.3 Operational Highlights for the Counter-Compare Submodule ............................................... 35
2.3.4 Count Mode Timing Waveforms ................................................................................ 35
2.4 Action-Qualifier (AQ) Submodule ........................................................................................ 38
2.4.1 Purpose of the Action-Qualifier Submodule ................................................................... 38
2.4.2 Action-Qualifier Submodule Control and Status Register Definitions ...................................... 38
2.4.3 Action-Qualifier Event Priority ................................................................................... 41
2.4.4 Waveforms for Common Configurations ....................................................................... 42
2.5 Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule ................................................................................ 51
2.5.1 Purpose of the Dead-Band Submodule ........................................................................ 51
2.5.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Dead-Band Submodule ...................................................... 51
2.5.3 Operational Highlights for the Dead-Band Submodule ....................................................... 52
2.6 PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule ......................................................................................... 56
2.6.1 Purpose of the PWM-Chopper Submodule .................................................................... 56
2.6.2 Controlling the PWM-Chopper Submodule .................................................................... 56
2.6.3 Operational Highlights for the PWM-Chopper Submodule................................................... 56
2.6.4 Waveforms ......................................................................................................... 57
2.7 Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule ................................................................................................ 60
2.7.1 Purpose of the Trip-Zone Submodule .......................................................................... 60
2.7.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Trip-Zone Submodule ........................................................ 61
2.7.3 Operational Highlights for the Trip-Zone Submodule ......................................................... 61
2.7.4 Generating Trip Event Interrupts ................................................................................ 63
2.8 Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule ........................................................................................... 64
2.8.1 Operational Overview of the Event-Trigger Submodule...................................................... 65
3 Applications to Power Topologies .............................................................................. 69
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Contents 3

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3.1 Overview of Multiple Modules ............................................................................................ 70

3.2 Key Configuration Capabilities............................................................................................ 70
3.3 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies .............................................. 71
3.4 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies ...................................................... 75
3.5 Controlling Multiple Half H-Bridge (HHB) Converters ................................................................. 78
3.6 Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM) .................................................... 80
3.7 Practical Applications Using Phase Control Between PWM Modules ............................................... 84
3.8 Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter.................................................................. 85
3.9 Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter ................................................. 89
4 Registers ................................................................................................................. 93
4.1 Time-Base Submodule Registers ........................................................................................ 94
4.2 Counter-Compare Submodule Registers................................................................................ 97
4.3 Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers ................................................................................. 100
4.4 Dead-Band Submodule Registers ...................................................................................... 104
4.5 PWM-Chopper Submodule Control Register .......................................................................... 106
4.6 Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers ................................................................. 108
4.7 Digital Compare Submodule Registers ................................................................................ 113
4.8 Event-Trigger Submodule Registers ................................................................................... 113
4.9 Proper Interrupt Initialization Procedure ............................................................................... 118
A Revision History ..................................................................................................... 119
4 Contents SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

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List of Figures
1-1 Multiple ePWM Modules................................................................................................... 15
1-2 Submodules and Signal Connections for an ePWM Module ......................................................... 16
1-3 ePWM Submodules and Critical Internal Signal Interconnects ...................................................... 17
2-1 Time-Base Submodule Block Diagram .................................................................................. 23
2-2 Time-Base Submodule Signals and Registers ......................................................................... 24
2-3 Time-Base Frequency and Period ....................................................................................... 26
2-4 Time-Base Counter Synchronization Scheme 1 ....................................................................... 27
2-7 Time-Base Up-Count Mode Waveforms ................................................................................ 30
2-8 Time-Base Down-Count Mode Waveforms ............................................................................. 31
2-9 Time-Base Up-Down-Count Waveforms, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 0] Count Down On Synchronization Event ...... 31
2-10 Time-Base Up-Down Count Waveforms, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 1] Count Up On Synchronization Event ......... 32
2-11 Counter-Compare Submodule ............................................................................................ 32
2-12 Detailed View of the Counter-Compare Submodule ................................................................... 34
2-13 Counter-Compare Event Waveforms in Up-Count Mode ............................................................. 36
2-14 Counter-Compare Events in Down-Count Mode ....................................................................... 36
2-15 Counter-Compare Events In Up-Down-Count Mode, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 0] Count Down On
Synchronization Event .................................................................................................... 37
2-16 Counter-Compare Events In Up-Down-Count Mode, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 1] Count Up On Synchronization
Event ........................................................................................................................ 37
2-17 Action-Qualifier Submodule ............................................................................................... 38
2-18 Action-Qualifier Submodule Inputs and Outputs ....................................................................... 39
2-19 Possible Action-Qualifier Actions for EPWMxA and EPWMxB Outputs ............................................ 40
2-20 Up-Down-Count Mode Symmetrical Waveform ........................................................................ 43
2-21 Up, Single Edge Asymmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB—Active High .................................................................................................... 44
2-22 Up, Single Edge Asymmetric Waveform With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB—Active Low .................................................................................................... 45
2-23 Up-Count, Pulse Placement Asymmetric Waveform With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA .............. 46
2-24 Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Symmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB — Active Low ................................................................................................... 48
2-25 Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Symmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB — Complementary ............................................................................................. 49
2-26 Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Asymmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA—Active
Low ........................................................................................................................... 50
2-27 Dead_Band Submodule ................................................................................................... 51
2-28 Configuration Options for the Dead-Band Submodule ................................................................ 52
2-29 Dead-Band Waveforms for Typical Cases (0% < Duty < 100%)..................................................... 54
2-30 PWM-Chopper Submodule ............................................................................................... 56
2-31 PWM-Chopper Submodule Operational Details ........................................................................ 57
2-32 Simple PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing Chopping Action Only .................................. 57
2-33 PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing the First Pulse and Subsequent Sustaining Pulses ......... 58
2-34 PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing the Pulse Width (Duty Cycle) Control of Sustaining
Pulses ........................................................................................................................ 59
2-35 Trip-Zone Submodule ...................................................................................................... 60
2-36 Trip-Zone Submodule Mode Control Logic ............................................................................. 63
2-37 Trip-Zone Submodule Interrupt Logic.................................................................................... 64
2-38 Event-Trigger Submodule ................................................................................................. 64
2-39 Event-Trigger Submodule Inter-Connectivity of ADC Start of Conversion and Interrupt Signals ................ 65
2-40 Event-Trigger Submodule Showing Event Inputs and Prescaled Outputs.......................................... 66
2-41 Event-Trigger Interrupt Generator ........................................................................................ 67
2-42 Event-Trigger SOCA Pulse Generator .................................................................................. 68
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 List of Figures 5

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2-43 Event-Trigger SOCB Pulse Generator .................................................................................. 68

3-1 Simplified ePWM Module.................................................................................................. 70
3-2 EPWM1 Configured as a Typical Master, EPWM2 Configured as a Slave ........................................ 71
3-3 Control of Four Buck Stages. Here FPWM1≠ FPWM2≠ FPWM3≠ FPWM4 .................................................. 72
3-4 Buck Waveforms for Figure 3-3 (Note: Only three bucks shown here) ............................................. 73
3-5 Control of Four Buck Stages. (Note: FPWM2 = N x FPWM1) ............................................................. 75
3-6 Buck Waveforms for Figure 3-5 (Note: FPWM2 = FPWM1)) .............................................................. 76
3-7 Control of Two Half-H Bridge Stages (FPWM2 = N x FPWM1) ........................................................... 78
3-8 Half-H Bridge Waveforms for Figure 3-7 (Note: Here FPWM2 = FPWM1 ) .............................................. 79
3-9 Control of Dual 3-Phase Inverter Stages as Is Commonly Used in Motor Control ................................ 81
3-10 3-Phase Inverter Waveforms for Figure 3-9 (Only One Inverter Shown) ........................................... 82
3-11 Configuring Two PWM Modules for Phase Control .................................................................... 84
3-12 Timing Waveforms Associated With Phase Control Between 2 Modules .......................................... 85
3-13 Control of a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter ................................................................... 86
3-14 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter Waveforms for Figure 3-13 ................................................ 87
3-15 Controlling a Full-H Bridge Stage (FPWM2 = FPWM1)..................................................................... 89
3-16 ZVS Full-H Bridge Waveforms ........................................................................................... 90
4-1 Time-Base Period Register (TBPRD).................................................................................... 94
4-2 Time-Base Phase Register (TBPHS) .................................................................................... 94
4-3 Time-Base Counter Register (TBCTR) .................................................................................. 94
4-4 Time-Base Control Register (TBCTL) ................................................................................... 95
4-5 Time-Base Status Register (TBSTS) .................................................................................... 97
4-6 Counter-Compare A Register (CMPA) .................................................................................. 97
4-7 Counter-Compare B Register (CMPB) .................................................................................. 98
4-8 Counter-Compare Control Register (CMPCTL) ........................................................................ 99
4-9 Compare A High Resolution Register (CMPAHR) ................................................................... 100
4-10 Action-Qualifier Output A Control Register (AQCTLA)............................................................... 100
4-11 Action-Qualifier Output B Control Register (AQCTLB)............................................................... 101
4-12 Action-Qualifier Software Force Register (AQSFRC) ................................................................ 102
4-13 Action-Qualifier Continuous Software Force Register (AQCSFRC)................................................ 103
4-14 Dead-Band Generator Control Register (DBCTL) .................................................................... 104
4-15 Dead-Band Generator Rising Edge Delay Register (DBRED) ...................................................... 106
4-16 Dead-Band Generator Falling Edge Delay Register (DBFED) ..................................................... 106
4-17 PWM-Chopper Control Register (PCCTL) ............................................................................. 106
4-18 Trip-Zone Select Register (TZSEL) .................................................................................... 108
4-19 Trip-Zone Control Register (TZCTL) ................................................................................... 109
4-20 Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register (TZEINT) ........................................................................ 110
4-21 Trip-Zone Flag Register (TZFLG)....................................................................................... 110
4-22 Trip-Zone Clear Register (TZCLR) ..................................................................................... 111
4-23 Trip-Zone Force Register (TZFRC)..................................................................................... 112
4-24 Event-Trigger Selection Register (ETSEL) ............................................................................ 113
4-25 Event-Trigger Prescale Register (ETPS) .............................................................................. 114
4-26 Event-Trigger Flag Register (ETFLG) .................................................................................. 116
4-27 Event-Trigger Clear Register (ETCLR) ................................................................................ 116
4-28 Event-Trigger Force Register (ETFRC) ................................................................................ 118
6 List of Figures SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

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List of Tables
1-1 ePWM Module Control and Status Register Set Grouped by Submodule .......................................... 18
2-1 Submodule Configuration Parameters................................................................................... 20
2-2 Time-Base Submodule Registers ........................................................................................ 24
2-3 Key Time-Base Signals .................................................................................................... 25
2-4 Counter-Compare Submodule Registers ............................................................................... 34
2-5 Counter-Compare Submodule Key Signals ............................................................................. 34
2-6 Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers ................................................................................... 38
2-7 Action-Qualifier Submodule Possible Input Events .................................................................... 39
2-8 Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Up-Down-Count Mode ............................................................. 41
2-9 Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Up-Count Mode..................................................................... 41
2-10 Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Down-Count Mode ................................................................. 41
2-11 Behavior if CMPA/CMPB is Greater than the Period .................................................................. 41
2-12 Dead-Band Generator Submodule Registers........................................................................... 51
2-13 Classical Dead-Band Operating Modes ................................................................................ 53
2-14 Dead-Band Delay Values in µS as a Function of DBFED and DBRED ............................................ 55
2-15 PWM-Chopper Submodule Registers ................................................................................... 56
2-16 Possible Pulse Width Values for SYSCLKOUT = 100 MHz .......................................................... 58
2-17 Trip-Zone Submodule Registers ......................................................................................... 61
2-18 Possible Actions On a Trip Event ........................................................................................ 62
2-19 Event-Trigger Submodule Registers .................................................................................... 66
4-1 Time-Base Period Register (TBPRD) Field Descriptions ............................................................. 94
4-2 Time-Base Phase Register (TBPHS) Field Descriptions.............................................................. 94
4-3 Time-Base Counter Register (TBCTR) Field Descriptions............................................................ 94
4-4 Time-Base Control Register (TBCTL) Field Descriptions ............................................................. 95
4-5 Time-Base Status Register (TBSTS) Field Descriptions .............................................................. 97
4-6 Counter-Compare A Register (CMPA) Field Descriptions ............................................................ 98
4-7 Counter-Compare B Register (CMPB) Field Descriptions ............................................................ 98
4-8 Counter-Compare Control Register (CMPCTL) Field Descriptions ................................................. 99
4-9 Compare A High Resolution Register (CMPAHR) Field Descriptions ............................................. 100
4-10 Action-Qualifier Output A Control Register (AQCTLA) Field Descriptions ....................................... 100
4-11 Action-Qualifier Output B Control Register (AQCTLB) Field Descriptions ....................................... 101
4-12 Action-Qualifier Software Force Register (AQSFRC) Field Descriptions .......................................... 103
4-13 Action-qualifier Continuous Software Force Register (AQCSFRC) Field Descriptions .......................... 103
4-14 Dead-Band Generator Control Register (DBCTL) Field Descriptions.............................................. 105
4-15 Dead-Band Generator Rising Edge Delay Register (DBRED) Field Descriptions ............................... 106
4-16 Dead-Band Generator Falling Edge Delay Register (DBFED) Field Descriptions ............................... 106
4-17 PWM-Chopper Control Register (PCCTL) Bit Descriptions ........................................................ 107
4-18 Trip-Zone Submodule Select Register (TZSEL) Field Descriptions ............................................... 108
4-19 Trip-Zone Control Register (TZCTL) Field Descriptions ............................................................. 109
4-20 Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register (TZEINT) Field Descriptions ................................................. 110
4-21 Trip-Zone Flag Register (TZFLG) Field Descriptions ................................................................ 110
4-22 Trip-Zone Clear Register (TZCLR) Field Descriptions .............................................................. 111
4-23 Trip-Zone Force Register (TZFRC) Field Descriptions .............................................................. 112
4-24 Event-Trigger Selection Register (ETSEL) Field Descriptions ..................................................... 113
4-25 Event-Trigger Prescale Register (ETPS) Field Descriptions ....................................................... 114
4-26 Event-Trigger Flag Register (ETFLG) Field Descriptions ........................................................... 116
4-27 Event-Trigger Clear Register (ETCLR) Field Descriptions .......................................................... 116
4-28 Event-Trigger Force Register (ETFRC) Field Descriptions ......................................................... 118
A-1 Changes for Revision E .................................................................................................. 119
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 List of Tables 7

8 List of Tables SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008
Preface
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008
Read This First
The Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM) module described in this reference guide is a Type 0
ePWM. See the TMS320x28xx, 28xxx DSP Peripheral Reference Guide (SPRU566) for a list of all
devices with a ePWM module of the same type, to determine the differences between the types, and for a
list of device-specific differences within a type. This reference guide includes an overview of the module
and information about each of its sub-modules:
• Time-Base Module
• Counter Compare Module
• Action Qualifier Module
• Dead-Band Generator Module
• PWM Chopper (PC) Module
• Trip Zone Module
• Event Trigger Module
Related Documentation From Texas Instruments

The following books describe the TMS320x280x module and related support tools that are available on
the TI website:
Data Manuals—
SPRS230— TMS320F2809, F2808, F2806, F2802, F2801, C2802, C2801, and F2801x DSPs Data
Manual contains the pinout, signal descriptions, as well as electrical and timing specifications for
the F280x devices.
SPRZ171— TMS320F280x, TMS320C280x, and TMS320F2801x DSP Silicon Errata
describes the advisories and usage notes for different versions of silicon.
SPRS357— TMS320F28044 Digital Signal Processor Data Manual contains the pinout, signal
descriptions, as well as electrical and timing specifications for the F28044 device.
SPRZ255— TMS320F28044 DSP Silicon Errata
describes the advisories and usage notes for different versions of silicon.
CPU User's Guides—
SPRU430— TMS320C28x DSP CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide describes the central
processing unit (CPU) and the assembly language instructions of the TMS320C28x fixed-point
digital signal processors (DSPs). It also describes emulation features available on these DSPs.
SPRU712— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide describes the
various interrupts and system control features of the 280x digital signal processors (DSPs).
Peripheral Guides—
SPRU566— TMS320x28xx, 28xxx Peripheral Reference Guide describes the peripheral reference guides
of the 28x digital signal processors (DSPs).
SPRU716— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Reference Guide describes
how to configure and use the on-chip ADC module, which is a 12-bit pipelined ADC.
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Read This First 9

Related Documentation From Texas Instruments www.ti.com
SPRU791— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM) Module Reference
Guide describes the main areas of the enhanced pulse width modulator that include digital motor
control, switch mode power supply control, UPS (uninterruptible power supplies), and other forms of
power conversion
SPRU790— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Quadrature Encoder Pulse (eQEP) Reference
Guide describes the eQEP module, which is used for interfacing with a linear or rotary incremental
encoder to get position, direction, and speed information from a rotating machine in high
performance motion and position control systems. It includes the module description and registers
SPRU807— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Capture (eCAP) Module Reference Guide describes
the enhanced capture module. It includes the module description and registers.
SPRU924— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x High-Resolution Pulse Width Modulator (HRPWM) describes
the operation of the high-resolution extension to the pulse width modulator (HRPWM)
SPRU074— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Controller Area Network (eCAN) Reference Guide
describes the eCAN that uses established protocol to communicate serially with other controllers in
electrically noisy environments.
SPRU051— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Serial Communication Interface (SCI) Reference Guide
describes the SCI, which is a two-wire asynchronous serial port, commonly known as a UART. The
SCI modules support digital communications between the CPU and other asynchronous peripherals
that use the standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format.
SPRU059— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Reference Guide describes
the SPI - a high-speed synchronous serial input/output (I/O) port - that allows a serial bit stream of
programmed length (one to sixteen bits) to be shifted into and out of the device at a programmed
bit-transfer rate.
SPRU721— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) Reference Guide describes the
features and operation of the inter-integrated circuit (I2C) module.
SPRU722— TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Boot ROM Reference Guide describes the purpose and
features of the bootloader (factory-programmed boot-loading software). It also describes other
contents of the device on-chip boot ROM and identifies where all of the information is located within
that memory.
Tools Guides—
SPRU513— TMS320C28x Assembly Language Tools User's Guide describes the assembly language
tools (assembler and other tools used to develop assembly language code), assembler directives,
macros, common object file format, and symbolic debugging directives for the TMS320C28x device.
SPRU514— TMS320C28x Optimizing C Compiler User's Guide describes the TMS320C28x™ C/C++
compiler. This compiler accepts ANSI standard C/C++ source code and produces TMS320 DSP
assembly language source code for the TMS320C28x device.
SPRU608— The TMS320C28x Instruction Set Simulator Technical Overview describes the simulator,
available within the Code Composer Studio for TMS320C2000 IDE, that simulates the instruction
set of the C28x™ core.
SPRU625— TMS320C28x DSP/BIOS Application Programming Interface (API) Reference Guide
describes development using DSP/BIOS.
Application Reports—
SPRAAM0— Getting Started With TMS320C28x™ Digital Signal Controllers is organized by development
flow and functional areas to make your design effort as seamless as possible. Tips on getting
started with C28x™ DSP software and hardware development are provided to aid in your initial
design and debug efforts. Each section includes pointers to valuable information including technical
documentation, software, and tools for use in each phase of design.
10 Read This First SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

www.ti.com Related Documentation From Texas Instruments
SPRAAD5— Power Line Communication for Lighting Apps using BPSK w/ a Single DSP Controller
presents a complete implementation of a power line modem following CEA-709 protocol using a
single DSP.
SPRAA85— Programming TMS320x28xx and 28xxx Peripherals in C/C++ explores a hardware
abstraction layer implementation to make C/C++ coding easier on 28x DSPs. This method is
compared to traditional #define macros and topics of code efficiency and special case registers are
also addressed.
SPRA958— Running an Application from Internal Flash Memory on the TMS320F28xx DSP covers the
requirements needed to properly configure application software for execution from on-chip flash
memory. Requirements for both DSP/BIOS™ and non-DSP/BIOS projects are presented. Example
code projects are included.
SPRAA91— TMS320F280x DSC USB Connectivity Using TUSB3410 USB-to-UART Bridge Chip
presents hardware connections as well as software preparation and operation of the development
system using a simple communication echo program.
SPRAAD8— TMS320280x and TMS320F2801x ADC Calibration describes a method for improving the
absolute accuracy of the 12-bit ADC found on the TMS320280x and TMS3202801x devices.
Inherent gain and offset errors affect the absolute accuracy of the ADC. The methods described in
this report can improve the absolute accuracy of the ADC to levels better than 0.5%. This
application report has an option to download an example program that executes from RAM on the
F2808 EzDSP.
SPRAAI1— Using Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM) Module for 0-100% Duty Cycle Control
provides a guide for the use of the ePWM module to provide 0% to 100% duty cycle control and is
applicable to the TMS320x280x family of processors.
SPRAA88— Using PWM Output as a Digital-to-Analog Converter on a TMS320F280x presents a method
for utilizing the on-chip pulse width modulated (PWM) signal generators on the TMS320F280x
family of digital signal controllers as a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
SPRAAH1— Using the Enhanced Quadrature Encoder Pulse (eQEP) Module provides a guide for the use
of the eQEP module as a dedicated capture unit and is applicable to the TMS320x280x, 28xxx
family of processors.
SPRA820— Online Stack Overflow Detection on the TMS320C28x DSP presents the methodology for
online stack overflow detection on the TMS320C28x™ DSP. C-source code is provided that
contains functions for implementing the overflow detection on both DSP/BIOS™ and
non-DSP/BIOS applications.
SPRA806— An Easy Way of Creating a C-callable Assembly Function for the TMS320C28x DSP
provides instructions and suggestions to configure the C compiler to assist with understanding of
parameter-passing conventions and environments expected by the C compiler.
Trademarks
TMS320C28x, C28x are trademarks of Texas Instruments.
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Read This First 11

12 Read This First SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008
Chapter 1
Introduction
The enhanced pulse width modulator (ePWM) peripheral is a key element in controlling many of the
power-related systems found in both commercial and industrial equipments. These systems include digital
motor control, switch mode power supply control, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and other forms of
power conversion. The ePWM peripheral performs a digital to analog (DAC) function, where the duty cycle
is equivalent to a DAC analog value; it is sometimes referred to as a Power DAC.
This reference guide is applicable for ePWM type 0. See the TMS320x28xx, 28xxx DSP Peripheral
Reference Guide (SPRU566) for a list of all devices with an ePWM module of the same type, to determine
the differences between the types, and for a list of device-specific differences within a type.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................. 14
1.2 Submodule Overview................................................................. 14
1.3 Register Mapping ...................................................................... 17
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Introduction 13

Introduction www.ti.com
1.1 Introduction
An effective PWM peripheral must be able to generate complex pulse width waveforms with minimal CPU
overhead or intervention. It needs to be highly programmable and very flexible while being easy to
understand and use. The ePWM unit described here addresses these requirements by allocating all
needed timing and control resources on a per PWM channel basis. Cross coupling or sharing of resources
has been avoided; instead, the ePWM is built up from smaller single channel modules with separate
resources and that can operate together as required to form a system. This modular approach results in
an orthogonal architecture and provides a more transparent view of the peripheral structure, helping users
to understand its operation quickly.
In this document the letter x within a signal or module name is used to indicate a generic ePWM instance
on a device. For example output signals EPWMxA and EPWMxB refer to the output signals from the
ePWMx instance. Thus, EPWM1A and EPWM1B belong to ePWM1 and likewise EPWM4A and EPWM4B
belong to ePWM4.
1.2 Submodule Overview

The ePWM module represents one complete PWM channel composed of two PWM outputs: EPWMxA
and EPWMxB. Multiple ePWM modules are instanced within a device as shown in Figure 1-1. Each
ePWM instance is identical with one exception. Some instances include a hardware extension that allows
more precise control of the PWM outputs. This extension is the high-resolution pulse width modulator
(HRPWM) and is described in the TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x High-Resolution Pulse Width Modulator
(HRPWM) Reference Guide (SPRU924). See the device-specific data manual to determine which ePWM
instances include this feature. Each ePWM module is indicated by a numerical value starting with 1. For
example ePWM1 is the first instance and ePWM3 is the 3rd instance in the system and ePWMx indicates
any instance.
The ePWM modules are chained together via a clock synchronization scheme that allows them to operate
as a single system when required. Additionally, this synchronization scheme can be extended to the
capture peripheral modules (eCAP). The number of modules is device-dependent and based on target
application needs. Modules can also operate stand-alone.
Each ePWM module supports the following features:
• Dedicated 16-bit time-base counter with period and frequency control
• Two PWM outputs (EPWMxA and EPWMxB) that can be used in the following configurations:
– Two independent PWM outputs with single-edge operation
– Two independent PWM outputs with dual-edge symmetric operation
– One independent PWM output with dual-edge asymmetric operation
• Asynchronous override control of PWM signals through software.
• Programmable phase-control support for lag or lead operation relative to other ePWM modules.
• Hardware-locked (synchronized) phase relationship on a cycle-by-cycle basis.
• Dead-band generation with independent rising and falling edge delay control.
• Programmable trip zone allocation of both cycle-by-cycle trip and one-shot trip on fault conditions.
• A trip condition can force either high, low, or high-impedance state logic levels at PWM outputs.
• All events can trigger both CPU interrupts and ADC start of conversion (SOC)
• Programmable event prescaling minimizes CPU overhead on interrupts.
• PWM chopping by high-frequency carrier signal, useful for pulse transformer gate drives.
Each ePWM module is connected to the input/output signals shown in Figure 1-1. The signals are
described in detail in subsequent sections.
14 Introduction SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

www.ti.com Submodule Overview
Figure 1-1. Multiple ePWM Modules

xSYNCI
SYNCI
EPWM1INT
EPWM1A
EPWM1SOC
ePWM1 module EPWM1B
SYNCO
xSYNCO
To eCAP1
SYNCI
EPWM2INT EPWM2A
PIE EPWM2SOC GPIO

ePWM2 module EPWM2B
MUX
SYNCO
SYNCI
EPWMxINT EPWMxA
EPWMxSOC
ePWMx module EPWMxB
TZ1 to TZ6
SYNCO
xSOC
Peripheral
ADC Frame 1
The order in which the ePWM modules are connected may differ from what is shown in Figure 1-1. See
Section 2.2.3.2 for the synchronization scheme for a particular device. Each ePWM module consists of
seven submodules and is connected within a system via the signals shown in Figure 1-2.

Submodule Overview www.ti.com
Figure 1-2. Submodules and Signal Connections for an ePWM Module
ePWM module
EPWMxSYNCI
Time-base (TB) module
EPWMxSYNCO
Counter-compare (CC) module
EPWMxTZINT Action-qualifier (AQ) module

PIE EPWMxINT
TZ1 to TZ6
Dead-band (DB) module
EPWMxSOCA EPWMxA GPIO
ADC PWM-chopper (PC) module
EPWMxSOCB MUX
EPWMxB
Event-trigger (ET) module
Peripheral bus Trip-zone (TZ) module
Figure 1-3 shows more internal details of a single ePWM module. The main signals used by the ePWM
module are:
• PWM output signals (EPWMxA and EPWMxB).
The PWM output signals are made available external to the device through the GPIO peripheral
described in the system control and interrupts guide for your device.
• Trip-zone signals (TZ1 to TZ6).
These input signals alert the ePWM module of an external fault condition. Each module on a device
can be configured to either use or ignore any of the trip-zone signals. The TZ1 to TZ3 trip-zone signals
can be configured as asynchronous inputs through the GPIO peripheral.
• Time-base synchronization input (EPWMxSYNCI) and output (EPWMxSYNCO) signals.
The synchronization signals daisy chain the ePWM modules together. Each module can be configured
to either use or ignore its synchronization input. The clock synchronization input and output signal are
brought out to pins only for ePWM1 (ePWM module #1). The synchronization output for ePWM1
(EPWM1SYNCO) is also connected to the SYNCI of the first enhanced capture module (eCAP1).
• ADC start-of-conversion signals (EPWMxSOCA and EPWMxSOCB).
Each ePWM module has two ADC start of conversion signals (one for each sequencer). Any ePWM
module can trigger a start of conversion for either sequencer. Which event triggers the start of
conversion is configured in the Event-Trigger submodule of the ePWM.
• Peripheral Bus
The peripheral bus is 32-bits wide and allows both 16-bit and 32-bit writes to the ePWM register file.

www.ti.com Register Mapping
Figure 1-3. ePWM Submodules and Critical Internal Signal Interconnects
Time-base (TB)
Sync
TBPRD shadow (16) in/out EPWMxSYNCO
select
TBPRD active (16)
MUX
CTR_PRD S0 S1
16 TBCTL[SWFSYNC] EPWMxSYNCI
Counter
UP/DWN TBCTL[PHSEN]
(16 bit)
CTR = ZERO TBCTL[SWFSYNC] (software
TBCTR
forced sync)
active CTR_Dir
(16)
16
Phase CTR = PRD
TBPHS active (16) EPWMxINT
control CTR = ZERO Event
CTR = CMPA trigger and EPWMxSOCA
CTR = CMPB interrupt
Counter compare (CC) (ET) EPWMxSOCB
CTR_Dir
16
CTR = CMPA
16
Action
qualifier EPWMxA
CMPA active (16) (AQ)
Dead PWM
CMPA shadow (16)
band chopper
16 (DB) (PC) Trip
zone
EPWMxB
CTR = CMPB (TZ)
16
EPWMxTZINT
CMPB active (16)
TZ1 to TZ6
CMPB shadow (16) CTR=ZERO
Figure 1-3 also shows the key internal submodule interconnect signals. Each submodule is described in
detail in its respective section.
1.3 Register Mapping

The complete ePWM module control and status register set is grouped by submodule as shown in
Table 1-1. Each register set is duplicated for each instance of the ePWM module. The start address for
each ePWM register file instance on a device is specified in the appropriate data manual.

Register Mapping www.ti.com
Table 1-1. ePWM Module Control and Status Register Set Grouped by Submodule
Offset Size
(1)
Name (x16) Shadow EALLOW Description
Time-Base Submodule Registers
TBCTL 0x0000 1 No Time-Base Control Register
TBSTS 0x0001 1 No Time-Base Status Register
(2)
TBPHSHR 0x0002 1 No Extension for HRPWM Phase Register
TBPHS 0x0003 1 No Time-Base Phase Register
TBCTR 0x0004 1 No Time-Base Counter Register
TBPRD 0x0005 1 Yes Time-Base Period Register
Counter-Compare Submodule Registers
CMPCTL 0x0007 1 No Counter-Compare Control Register
(2)
CMPAHR 0x0008 1 Yes Extension for HRPWM Counter-Compare A Register
CMPA 0x0009 1 Yes Counter-Compare A Register
CMPB 0x000A 1 Yes Counter-Compare B Register
Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers
AQCTLA 0x000B 1 No Action-Qualifier Control Register for Output A (EPWMxA)
AQCTLB 0x000C 1 No Action-Qualifier Control Register for Output B (EPWMxB)
AQSFRC 0x000D 1 No Action-Qualifier Software Force Register
AQCSFRC 0x000E 1 Yes Action-Qualifier Continuous S/W Force Register Set
Dead-Band Generator Submodule Registers
DBCTL 0x000F 1 No Dead-Band Generator Control Register
DBRED 0x0010 1 No Dead-Band Generator Rising Edge Delay Count Register
DBFED 0x0011 1 No Dead-Band Generator Falling Edge Delay Count Register
Trip-Zone Submodule Registers
TZSEL 0x0012 1 Yes Trip-Zone Select Register
(3)
TZCTL 0x0014 1 Yes Trip-Zone Control Register
(3)
TZEINT 0x0015 1 Yes Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register
(3)
TZFLG 0x0016 1 Trip-Zone Flag Register
(3)
TZCLR 0x0017 1 Yes Trip-Zone Clear Register
(3)
TZFRC 0x0018 1 Yes Trip-Zone Force Register
Event-Trigger Submodule Registers
ETSEL 0x0019 1 Event-Trigger Selection Register
ETPS 0x001A 1 Event-Trigger Pre-Scale Register
ETFLG 0x001B 1 Event-Trigger Flag Register
ETCLR 0x001C 1 Event-Trigger Clear Register
ETFRC 0x001D 1 Event-Trigger Force Register
PWM-Chopper Submodule Registers
PCCTL 0x001E 1 PWM-Chopper Control Register
High-Resolution Pulse Width Modulator (HRPWM) Extension
Registers
(2) (3)
HRCNFG 0x0020 1 Yes HRPWM Configuration Register
(1)
Locations not shown are reserved.
(2)
These registers are only available on ePWM instances that include the high-resolution PWM extension. Otherwise these
locations are reserved. These registers are described in the TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x High-Resolution Pulse Width
Modulator (HRPWM) Reference Guide (SPRU924). See the device specific data manual to determine which instances include
the HRPWM.
(3)
EALLOW protected registers as described in the specific device version of the System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide
listed in Section 1.

Chapter 2
ePWM Submodules
Seven submodules are included in every ePWM peripheral. Each of these submodules performs specific
tasks that can be configured by software.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
2.1 Overview .................................................................................. 20

2.2 Time-Base (TB) Submodule ........................................................ 23
2.3 Counter-Compare (CC) Submodule ............................................. 32
2.4 Action-Qualifier (AQ) Submodule ................................................ 38
2.5 Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule........................................ 51
2.6 PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule .................................................. 56
2.7 Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule ......................................................... 60
2.8 Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule .................................................... 64
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 ePWM Submodules 19

Overview www.ti.com
2.1 Overview
Table 2-1 lists the seven key submodules together with a list of their main configuration parameters. For
example, if you need to adjust or control the duty cycle of a PWM waveform, then you should see the
counter-compare submodule in Section 2.3 for relevant details.
Table 2-1. Submodule Configuration Parameters

Submodule Configuration Parameter or Option
Time-base (TB) • Scale the time-base clock (TBCLK) relative to the system clock (SYSCLKOUT).
• Configure the PWM time-base counter (TBCTR) frequency or period.
• Set the mode for the time-base counter:
– count-up mode: used for asymmetric PWM
– count-down mode: used for asymmetric PWM
– count-up-and-down mode: used for symmetric PWM
• Configure the time-base phase relative to another ePWM module.
• Synchronize the time-base counter between modules through hardware or software.
• Configure the direction (up or down) of the time-base counter after a synchronization event.
• Configure how the time-base counter will behave when the device is halted by an emulator.
• Specify the source for the synchronization output of the ePWM module:
– Synchronization input signal
– Time-base counter equal to zero
– Time-base counter equal to counter-compare B (CMPB)
– No output synchronization signal generated.
Counter-compare (CC) • Specify the PWM duty cycle for output EPWMxA and/or output EPWMxB
• Specify the time at which switching events occur on the EPWMxA or EPWMxB output
Action-qualifier (AQ) • Specify the type of action taken when a time-base or counter-compare submodule event occurs:
– No action taken
– Output EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB switched high
– Output EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB switched low
– Output EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB toggled
• Force the PWM output state through software control
• Configure and control the PWM dead-band through software
Dead-band (DB) • Control of traditional complementary dead-band relationship between upper and lower switches
• Specify the output rising-edge-delay value
• Specify the output falling-edge delay value
• Bypass the dead-band module entirely. In this case the PWM waveform is passed through
without modification.
PWM-chopper (PC) • Create a chopping (carrier) frequency.
• Pulse width of the first pulse in the chopped pulse train.
• Duty cycle of the second and subsequent pulses.
• Bypass the PWM-chopper module entirely. In this case the PWM waveform is passed through
without modification.
Trip-zone (TZ) • Configure the ePWM module to react to one, all, or none of the trip-zone pins.
• Specify the tripping action taken when a fault occurs:
– Force EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB high
– Force EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB low
– Force EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB to a high-impedance state
– Configure EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB to ignore any trip condition.
• Configure how often the ePWM will react to each trip-zone pins:
– One-shot
– Cycle-by-cycle
• Enable the trip-zone to initiate an interrupt.
• Bypass the trip-zone module entirely.
20 ePWM Submodules SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

www.ti.com Overview
Table 2-1. Submodule Configuration Parameters (continued)

Submodule Configuration Parameter or Option
Event-trigger (ET) • Enable the ePWM events that will trigger an interrupt.
• Enable ePWM events that will trigger an ADC start-of-conversion event.
• Specify the rate at which events cause triggers (every occurrence or every second or third
occurrence)
• Poll, set, or clear event flags
Code examples are provided in the remainder of this document that show how to implement various
ePWM module configurations. These examples use the constant definitions shown in Example 2-1. These
definitions are also used in the C280x C/C++ Header Files and Peripheral Examples (SPRC191) and
C2804x C/C++ Header Files and Peripheral Examples (SPRC324).
Example 2-1. Constant Definitions Used in the Code Examples
// TBCTL (Time-Base Control)

// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// TBCTR MODE bits
#define TB_COUNT_UP 0x0
#define TB_COUNT_DOWN 0x1
#define TB_COUNT_UPDOWN 0x2
#define TB_FREEZE 0x3
// PHSEN bit
#define TB_DISABLE 0x0
#define TB_ENABLE 0x1
// PRDLD bit
#define TB_SHADOW 0x0
#define TB_IMMEDIATE 0x1
// SYNCOSEL bits
#define TB_SYNC_IN 0x0
#define TB_CTR_ZERO 0x1
#define TB_CTR_CMPB 0x2
#define TB_SYNC_DISABLE 0x3
// HSPCLKDIV and CLKDIV bits
#define TB_DIV1 0x0
#define TB_DIV2 0x1
#define TB_DIV4 0x2
// PHSDIR bit
#define TB_DOWN 0x0
#define TB_UP 0x1
// CMPCTL (Compare Control)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// LOADAMODE and LOADBMODE bits
#define CC_CTR_ZERO 0x0
#define CC_CTR_PRD 0x1
#define CC_CTR_ZERO_PRD 0x2
#define CC_LD_DISABLE 0x3
// SHDWAMODE and SHDWBMODE bits
#define CC_SHADOW 0x0
#define CC_IMMEDIATE 0x1
// AQCTLA and AQCTLB (Action-qualifier Control)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// ZRO, PRD, CAU, CAD, CBU, CBD bits
#define AQ_NO_ACTION 0x0
#define AQ_CLEAR 0x1
#define AQ_SET 0x2
#define AQ_TOGGLE 0x3
// DBCTL (Dead-Band Control)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// MODE bits
#define DB_DISABLE 0x0
#define DBA_ENABLE 0x1
#define DBB_ENABLE 0x2
#define DB_FULL_ENABLE 0x3
// POLSEL bits
#define DB_ACTV_HI 0x0
#define DB_ACTV_LOC 0x1

Overview www.ti.com
Example 2-1. Constant Definitions Used in the Code Examples (continued)

#define DB_ACTV_HIC 0x2
#define DB_ACTV_LO 0x3
// PCCTL (chopper control)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// CHPEN bit
#define CHP_ENABLE 0x0
#define CHP_DISABLE 0x1
// CHPFREQ bits
#define CHP_DIV1 0x0
// CHPDUTY bits
#define CHP1_8TH 0x0
// TZSEL (Trip-zone Select)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// CBCn and OSHTn bits
#define TZ_ENABLE 0x0
#define TZ_DISABLE 0x1
// TZCTL (Trip-zone Control)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// TZA and TZB bits
#define TZ_HIZ 0x0
#define TZ_FORCE_HI 0x1
#define TZ_FORCE_LO 0x2
#define TZ_DISABLE 0x3
// ETSEL (Event-trigger Select)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// INTSEL, SOCASEL, SOCBSEL bits
#define ET_CTR_ZERO 0x1
#define ET_CTR_PRD 0x2
#define ET_CTRU_CMPA 0x4
#define ET_CTRD_CMPA 0x5
#define ET_CTRU_CMPB 0x6
#define ET_CTRD_CMPB 0x7
// ETPS (Event-trigger Prescale)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// INTPRD, SOCAPRD, SOCBPRD bits
#define ET_DISABLE 0x0
#define ET_1ST 0x1
#define ET_2ND 0x2
#define ET_3RD 0x3

www.ti.com Time-Base (TB) Submodule
2.2 Time-Base (TB) Submodule

Each ePWM module has its own time-base submodule that determines all of the event timing for the
ePWM module. Built-in synchronization logic allows the time-base of multiple ePWM modules to work
together as a single system. Figure 2-1 illustrates the time-base module's place within the ePWM.
Figure 2-1. Time-Base Submodule Block Diagram

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
Action CTR = CMPA EPWMxSOCA
and
EPWMxSYNCI Qualifier
CTR = PRD (AQ) CTR = CMPB Interrupt
ADC
Time-Base CTR = 0 CTR_Dir (ET) EPWMxSOCB
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
EPWMxTZINT TZ1 to TZ6
PIE
2.2.1 Purpose of the Time-Base Submodule

You can configure the time-base submodule for the following:
• Specify the ePWM time-base counter (TBCTR) frequency or period to control how often events occur.
• Manage time-base synchronization with other ePWM modules.
• Maintain a phase relationship with other ePWM modules.
• Set the time-base counter to count-up, count-down, or count-up-and-down mode.
• Generate the following events:
– CTR = PRD: Time-base counter equal to the specified period (TBCTR = TBPRD) .
– CTR = Zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000).
• Configure the rate of the time-base clock; a prescaled version of the CPU system clock
(SYSCLKOUT). This allows the time-base counter to increment/decrement at a slower rate.

Time-Base (TB) Submodule www.ti.com
2.2.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Time-base Submodule

Table 2-2 shows the registers used to control and monitor the time-base submodule.
Table 2-2. Time-Base Submodule Registers

Register Address offset Shadowed Description
TBCTL 0x0000 No Time-Base Control Register
TBSTS 0x0001 No Time-Base Status Register
(1)
TBPHSHR 0x0002 No HRPWM Extension Phase Register
TBPHS 0x0003 No Time-Base Phase Register
TBCTR 0x0004 No Time-Base Counter Register
TBPRD 0x0005 Yes Time-Base Period Register
(1)
This register is available only on ePWM instances that include the high-resolution extension (HRPWM). On ePWM modules that
do not include the HRPWM, this location is reserved. This register is described in the device-specific High-Resolution Pulse
Width Modulator (HRPWM) Reference Guide. See the device specific data manual to determine which ePWM instances include
this feature.
The block diagram in Figure 2-2 shows the critical signals and registers of the time-base submodule.
Table 2-3 provides descriptions of the key signals associated with the time-base submodule.
Figure 2-2. Time-Base Submodule Signals and Registers
TBPRD
Period Shadow TBCTL[PRDLD]
TBPRD
Period Active
TBCTL[SWFSYNC]
16
TBCTR[15:0] CTR = PRD
EPWMxSYNCI
16
CTR = Zero Reset

Zero Counter
CTR_dir UP/DOWN Mode TBCTL[CTRMODE]
Dir
CTR_max Load
Max
CTR = Zero
TBCLK Sync EPWMxSYNCO
clk
TBCTL[PHSEN] CTR = CMPB Out
TBCTR Select
Counter Active Reg Disable
X
16
TBPHS TBCTL[SYNCOSEL]
Phase Active Reg
SYSCLKOUT Clock TBCLK

Prescale
TBCTL[HSPCLKDIV]
TBCTL[CLKDIV]

Table 2-3. Key Time-Base Signals

Signal Description
EPWMxSYNCI Time-base synchronization input.
Input pulse used to synchronize the time-base counter with the counter of ePWM module earlier in the
synchronization chain. An ePWM peripheral can be configured to use or ignore this signal. For the first ePWM
module (EPWM1) this signal comes from a device pin. For subsequent ePWM modules this signal is passed
from another ePWM peripheral. For example, EPWM2SYNCI is generated by the ePWM1 peripheral,
EPWM3SYNCI is generated by ePWM2 and so forth. See Section 2.2.3.2 for information on the
synchronization order of a particular device.
EPWMxSYNCO Time-base synchronization output.
This output pulse is used to synchronize the counter of an ePWM module later in the synchronization chain.
The ePWM module generates this signal from one of three event sources:
1. EPWMxSYNCI (Synchronization input pulse)
2. CTR = Zero: The time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000).
3. CTR = CMPB: The time-base counter equal to the counter-compare B (TBCTR = CMPB) register.
CTR = PRD Time-base counter equal to the specified period.
This signal is generated whenever the counter value is equal to the active period register value. That is when
TBCTR = TBPRD.
CTR = Zero Time-base counter equal to zero
This signal is generated whenever the counter value is zero. That is when TBCTR equals 0x0000.
CTR = CMPB Time-base counter equal to active counter-compare B register (TBCTR = CMPB).
This event is generated by the counter-compare submodule and used by the synchronization out logic
CTR_dir Time-base counter direction.
Indicates the current direction of the ePWM's time-base counter. This signal is high when the counter is
increasing and low when it is decreasing.
CTR_max Time-base counter equal max value. (TBCTR = 0xFFFF)
Generated event when the TBCTR value reaches its maximum value. This signal is only used only as a status
bit
TBCLK Time-base clock.
This is a prescaled version of the system clock (SYSCLKOUT) and is used by all submodules within the
ePWM. This clock determines the rate at which time-base counter increments or decrements.
2.2.3 Calculating PWM Period and Frequency

The frequency of PWM events is controlled by the time-base period (TBPRD) register and the mode of the
time-base counter. Figure 2-3 shows the period (Tpwm) and frequency (Fpwm) relationships for the up-count,
down-count, and up-down-count time-base counter modes when when the period is set to 4 (TBPRD = 4).
The time increment for each step is defined by the time-base clock (TBCLK) which is a prescaled version
of the system clock (SYSCLKOUT).
The time-base counter has three modes of operation selected by the time-base control register (TBCTL):
• Up-Down-Count Mode:
In up-down-count mode, the time-base counter starts from zero and increments until the period
(TBPRD) value is reached. When the period value is reached, the time-base counter then decrements
until it reaches zero. At this point the counter repeats the pattern and begins to increment.
• Up-Count Mode:
In this mode, the time-base counter starts from zero and increments until it reaches the value in the
period register (TBPRD). When the period value is reached, the time-base counter resets to zero and
begins to increment once again.
• Down-Count Mode:
In down-count mode, the time-base counter starts from the period (TBPRD) value and decrements until
it reaches zero. When it reaches zero, the time-base counter is reset to the period value and it begins
to decrement once again.

Figure 2-3. Time-Base Frequency and Period

TPWM
PRD
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 Z 1
0 0 0
For Up Count and Down Count

TPWM TPWM = (TBPRD + 1) x TTBCLK
PRD
FPWM = 1/ (TPWM)
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1 Z
0 0 0
TPWM TPWM
For Up and Down Count
4 4
TPWM = 2 x TBPRD x TTBCLK
3 3 3 3
FPWM = 1 / (TPWM)
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
0 0 0
CTR_dir Up Down Up Down
2.2.3.1 Time-Base Period Shadow Register

The time-base period register (TBPRD) has a shadow register. Shadowing allows the register update to
be synchronized with the hardware. The following definitions are used to describe all shadow registers in
the ePWM module:
• Active Register
The active register controls the hardware and is responsible for actions that the hardware causes or
invokes.
• Shadow Register
The shadow register buffers or provides a temporary holding location for the active register. It has no
direct effect on any control hardware. At a strategic point in time the shadow register's content is
transferred to the active register. This prevents corruption or spurious operation due to the register
being asynchronously modified by software.
The memory address of the shadow period register is the same as the active register. Which register is
written to or read from is determined by the TBCTL[PRDLD] bit. This bit enables and disables the TBPRD
shadow register as follows:
• Time-Base Period Shadow Mode:
The TBPRD shadow register is enabled when TBCTL[PRDLD] = 0. Reads from and writes to the
TBPRD memory address go to the shadow register. The shadow register contents are transferred to
the active register (TBPRD (Active) ← TBPRD (shadow)) when the time-base counter equals zero
(TBCTR = 0x0000). By default the TBPRD shadow register is enabled.
• Time-Base Period Immediate Load Mode:
If immediate load mode is selected (TBCTL[PRDLD] = 1), then a read from or a write to the TBPRD
memory address goes directly to the active register.

2.2.3.2 Time-Base Counter Synchronization

A time-base synchronization scheme connects all of the ePWM modules on a device. Each ePWM
module has a synchronization input (EPWMxSYNCI) and a synchronization output (EPWMxSYNCO). The
input synchronization for the first instance (ePWM1) comes from an external pin. The possible
synchronization connections for the remaining ePWM modules are shown in Figure 2-4, Figure 2-5, and
Figure 2-6.
Scheme 1 shown in Figure 2-4 applies to the 280x, 2801x, 2802x, and 2803x devices. Scheme 1 also
applies to the 2804x devices when the ePWM pinout is configured for 280x compatible mode
(GPAMCFG[EPWMMODE] = 0).
Figure 2-4. Time-Base Counter Synchronization Scheme 1
EPWM1SYNCI
GPIO
ePWM1 MUX
EPWM1SYNCO
SYNCI
eCAP1
EPWM2SYNCI
ePWM2
EPWM2SYNCO
EPWM3SYNCI
ePWM3
EPWM3SYNCO
EPWMxSYNCI
ePWMx
EPWMxSYNCO

Scheme 2 shown in Figure 2-5 is used by the 2804x devices when the ePWM pinout is configured for
A-channel only mode (GPAMCFG[EPWMMODE] = 3). If the 2804x ePWM pinout is configured for 280x
compatible mode (GPAMCFG[EPWMMODE] = 0), then Scheme 1 is used.
EPWM1SYNCI
ePWM1 GPIO
EPWM1SYNCO MUX
SYNCI
eCAP1
EPWM13SYNCI EPWM9SYNCI EPWM5SYNCI EPWM2SYNCI

ePWM13 ePWM9 ePWM5 ePWM2
EPWM13SYnCO EPWM9SYNCO EPWM5SYNCO EPWM2SYNCO

EPWM14SYNCO EPWM10SYNCO EPWM36YNCO EPWM3SYNCO

EPWM15SYNCO EPWM11SYNCO EPWM7SYNCO EPWM4SYNCO
EPWM16SYNCI EPWM12SYNCI EPWM8SYNCI

ePWM16 ePWM12 ePWM8
EPWM16SYNCO EPWM12SYNCO EPWM8SYNCO
Scheme 3, shown in Figure 2-6, is used by all other devices.

EPWM1SYNCI
GPIO
ePWM1 MUX
EPWM1SYNCO
SYNCI
eCAP1
EPWM2SYNCI EPWM2SYNCI
ePWM4 ePWM2
EPWM2SYNCO EPWM2SYNCO
EPWM3SYNCI EPWM3SYNCI
ePWM5 ePWM3
EPWM3SYNCO EPWM3SYNCO
EPWMxSYNCI
ePWM6
EPWMxSYNCO
Each ePWM module can be configured to use or ignore the synchronization input. If the TBCTL[PHSEN]
bit is set, then the time-base counter (TBCTR) of the ePWM module will be automatically loaded with the
phase register (TBPHS) contents when one of the following conditions occur:
• EPWMxSYNCI: Synchronization Input Pulse:
The value of the phase register is loaded into the counter register when an input synchronization pulse
is detected (TBPHS → TBCTR). This operation occurs on the next valid time-base clock (TBCLK)
edge.
• Software Forced Synchronization Pulse:
Writing a 1 to the TBCTL[SWFSYNC] control bit invokes a software forced synchronization. This pulse
is ORed with the synchronization input signal, and therefore has the same effect as a pulse on
EPWMxSYNCI.
• This feature enables the ePWM module to be automatically synchronized to the time base of another
ePWM module. Lead or lag phase control can be added to the waveforms generated by different
ePWM modules to synchronize them. In up-down-count mode, the TBCTL[PSHDIR] bit configures the
direction of the time-base counter immediately after a synchronization event. The new direction is
independent of the direction prior to the synchronization event. The TBPHS bit is ignored in count-up
or count-down modes. See Figure 2-7 through Figure 2-10 for examples.
Clearing the TBCTL[PHSEN] bit configures the ePWM to ignore the synchronization input pulse. The
synchronization pulse can still be allowed to flow-through to the EPWMxSYNCO and be used to
synchronize other ePWM modules. In this way, you can set up a master time-base (for example, ePWM1)
and downstream modules (ePWM2 - ePWMx) may elect to run in synchronization with the master. See
the Application to Power Topologies Chapter 3 for more details on synchronization strategies.

2.2.4 Phase Locking the Time-Base Clocks of Multiple ePWM Modules

The TBCLKSYNC bit can be used to globally synchronize the time-base clocks of all enabled ePWM
modules on a device. This bit is part of the DSPs clock enable registers and is described in the specific
device version of the System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide listed in Section 1. When
TBCLKSYNC = 0, the time-base clock of all ePWM modules is stopped (default). When TBCLKSYNC = 1,
all ePWM time-base clocks are started with the rising edge of TBCLK aligned. For perfectly synchronized
TBCLKs, the prescaler bits in the TBCTL register of each ePWM module must be set identically. The
proper procedure for enabling the ePWM clocks is as follows:
1. Enable the individual ePWM module clocks. This is described in the specific device version of the
System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide listed in Section 1.
2. Set TBCLKSYNC = 0. This will stop the time-base clock within any enabled ePWM module.
3. Configure the prescaler values and desired ePWM modes.
4. Set TBCLKSYNC = 1.
2.2.5 Time-base Counter Modes and Timing Waveforms

The time-base counter operates in one of four modes:
• Up-count mode which is asymmetrical.
• Down-count mode which is asymmetrical.
• Up-down-count which is symmetrical
• Frozen where the time-base counter is held constant at the current value
To illustrate the operation of the first three modes, the following timing diagrams show when events are
generated and how the time-base responds to an EPWMxSYNCI signal.
Figure 2-7. Time-Base Up-Count Mode Waveforms

TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR_dir
CTR = zero
CTR = PRD
CNT_max

Figure 2-8. Time-Base Down-Count Mode Waveforms

TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0x000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR_dir
CTR = zero
CTR = PRD
CNT_max
Figure 2-9. Time-Base Up-Down-Count Waveforms, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 0] Count Down On Synchronization

Event
TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
UP UP UP UP
CTR_dir
DOWN DOWN DOWN
CTR = zero
CTR = PRD
CNT_max

Counter-Compare (CC) Submodule www.ti.com
Figure 2-10. Time-Base Up-Down Count Waveforms, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 1] Count Up On Synchronization

Event
TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD (value)
TBPHS (value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
UP UP UP
CTR_dir
DOWN DOWN DOWN
CTR = zero
CTR = PRD
CNT_max
2.3 Counter-Compare (CC) Submodule

Figure 2-11 illustrates the counter-compare submodule within the ePWM.
Figure 2-11. Counter-Compare Submodule

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
and
ADC
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
PIE
Figure 2-12 shows the basic structure of the counter-compare submodule.

www.ti.com Counter-Compare (CC) Submodule
2.3.1 Purpose of the Counter-Compare Submodule
The counter-compare submodule takes as input the time-base counter value. This value is continuously
compared to the counter-compare A (CMPA) and counter-compare B (CMPB) registers. When the
time-base counter is equal to one of the compare registers, the counter-compare unit generates an
appropriate event.
The counter-compare:
• Generates events based on programmable time stamps using the CMPA and CMPB registers
– CTR = CMPA: Time-base counter equals counter-compare A register (TBCTR = CMPA).
– CTR = CMPB: Time-base counter equals counter-compare B register (TBCTR = CMPB)
• Controls the PWM duty cycle if the action-qualifier submodule is configured appropriately
• Shadows new compare values to prevent corruption or glitches during the active PWM cycle

2.3.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Counter-Compare Submodule
The counter-compare submodule operation is controlled and monitored by the registers shown in
Table 2-4:
Table 2-4. Counter-Compare Submodule Registers

Register Name Address Offset Shadowed Description
CMPCTL 0x0007 No Counter-Compare Control Register.
(1)
CMPAHR 0x0008 Yes HRPWM Counter-Compare A Extension Register
CMPA 0x0009 Yes Counter-Compare A Register
CMPB 0x000A Yes Counter-Compare B Register
(1)
This register is available only on ePWM modules with the high-resolution extension (HRPWM). On ePWM modules that do not
include the HRPWM this location is reserved. This register is described in the device-specific High-Resolution Pulse Width
Modulator (HRPWM) Reference Guide. Refer to the device specific data manual to determine which ePWM instances include
this feature.
Figure 2-12. Detailed View of the Counter-Compare Submodule
Time TBCTR[15:0] 16
Base
(TB)
Module CTR = CMPA
CMPA[15:0] 16
Digital
comparator A
CMPCTL
Shadow [SHDWAFULL]
CTR = PRD CMPA Action
load Compare A Active Reg. CMPCTL Qualifier
CTR =0 (AQ)
CMPA [SHDWAMODE]
Compare A Shadow Reg. Module
CMPCTL[LOADAMODE] 16
TBCTR[15:0]
CTR = CMPB
CMPB[15:0] 16 Digital
comparator B
CTR = PRD Shadow CMPB

load CMPCTL[SHDWBFULL]
Compare B Active Reg.
CTR = 0
CMPB CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE]
Compare B Shadow Reg.
CMPCTL[LOADBMODE]
The key signals associated with the counter-compare submodule are described in Table 2-5.
Table 2-5. Counter-Compare Submodule Key Signals

Signal Description of Event Registers Compared
CTR = CMPA Time-base counter equal to the active counter-compare A value TBCTR = CMPA
CTR = CMPB Time-base counter equal to the active counter-compare B value TBCTR = CMPB
CTR = PRD Time-base counter equal to the active period. TBCTR = TBPRD
Used to load active counter-compare A and B registers from the
shadow register
CTR = ZERO Time-base counter equal to zero. TBCTR = 0x0000
Used to load active counter-compare A and B registers from the
shadow register

2.3.3 Operational Highlights for the Counter-Compare Submodule

The counter-compare submodule is responsible for generating two independent compare events based on
two compare registers:
1. CTR = CMPA: Time-base counter equal to counter-compare A register (TBCTR = CMPA).
2. CTR = CMPB: Time-base counter equal to counter-compare B register (TBCTR = CMPB).
For up-count or down-count mode, each event occurs only once per cycle. For up-down-count mode each
event occurs twice per cycle if the compare value is between 0x0000-TBPRD and once per cycle if the
compare value is equal to 0x0000 or equal to TBPRD. These events are fed into the action-qualifier
submodule where they are qualified by the counter direction and converted into actions if enabled. Refer
to Section 2.4.1 for more details.
The counter-compare registers CMPA and CMPB each have an associated shadow register. Shadowing
provides a way to keep updates to the registers synchronized with the hardware. When shadowing is
used, updates to the active registers only occurs at strategic points. This prevents corruption or spurious
operation due to the register being asynchronously modified by software. The memory address of the
active register and the shadow register is identical. Which register is written to or read from is determined
by the CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] and CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] bits. These bits enable and disable the
CMPA shadow register and CMPB shadow register respectively. The behavior of the two load modes is
described below:
• Shadow Mode:
The shadow mode for the CMPA is enabled by clearing the CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] bit and the
shadow register for CMPB is enabled by clearing the CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] bit. Shadow mode is
enabled by default for both CMPA and CMPB.
If the shadow register is enabled then the content of the shadow register is transferred to the active
register on one of the following events:
– CTR = PRD: Time-base counter equal to the period (TBCTR = TBPRD).
– CTR = Zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000)
– Both CTR = PRD and CTR = Zero
Which of these three events is specified by the CMPCTL[LOADAMODE] and CMPCTL[LOADBMODE]
register bits. Only the active register contents are used by the counter-compare submodule to generate
events to be sent to the action-qualifier.
• Immediate Load Mode:
If immediate load mode is selected (i.e., TBCTL[SHADWAMODE] = 1 or TBCTL[SHADWBMODE] = 1),
then a read from or a write to the register will go directly to the active register.
2.3.4 Count Mode Timing Waveforms

The counter-compare module can generate compare events in all three count modes:
• Up-count mode: used to generate an asymmetrical PWM waveform.
• Down-count mode: used to generate an asymmetrical PWM waveform.
• Up-down-count mode: used to generate a symmetrical PWM waveform.
To best illustrate the operation of the first three modes, the timing diagrams in Figure 2-13 through
Figure 2-16 show when events are generated and how the EPWMxSYNCI signal interacts.

Figure 2-13. Counter-Compare Event Waveforms in Up-Count Mode

TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
CMPA
(value)
CMPB
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR = CMPA
CTR = CMPB
NOTE: An EPWMxSYNCI external synchronization event can cause a discontinuity in the TBCTR count
sequence. This can lead to a compare event being skipped. This skipping is considered normal operation
and must be taken into account.
Figure 2-14. Counter-Compare Events in Down-Count Mode

TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
CMPA
(value)
CMPB
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR = CMPA
CTR = CMPB

Figure 2-15. Counter-Compare Events In Up-Down-Count Mode, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 0] Count Down On

Synchronization Event
TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD (value)
CMPA (value)
CMPB (value)
TBPHS (value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR = CMPB
CTR = CMPA
Figure 2-16. Counter-Compare Events In Up-Down-Count Mode, TBCTL[PHSDIR = 1] Count Up On

Synchronization Event
TBCTR[15:0]
0xFFFF
TBPRD
(value)
CMPA
(value)
CMPB
(value)
TBPHS
(value)
0x0000
EPWMxSYNCI
CTR = CMPB
CTR = CMPA

Action-Qualifier (AQ) Submodule www.ti.com
2.4 Action-Qualifier (AQ) Submodule

Figure 2-17 shows the action-qualifier (AQ) submodule (see shaded block) in the ePWM system.
Figure 2-17. Action-Qualifier Submodule

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
and
ADC
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
PIE
The action-qualifier submodule has the most important role in waveform construction and PWM
generation. It decides which events are converted into various action types, thereby producing the
required switched waveforms at the EPWMxA and EPWMxB outputs.
2.4.1 Purpose of the Action-Qualifier Submodule

The action-qualifier submodule is responsible for the following:
• Qualifying and generating actions (set, clear, toggle) based on the following events:
– CTR = PRD: Time-base counter equal to the period (TBCTR = TBPRD).
– CTR = Zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000)
– CTR = CMPA: Time-base counter equal to the counter-compare A register (TBCTR = CMPA)
– CTR = CMPB: Time-base counter equal to the counter-compare B register (TBCTR = CMPB)
• Managing priority when these events occur concurrently
• Providing independent control of events when the time-base counter is increasing and when it is
decreasing. .
2.4.2 Action-Qualifier Submodule Control and Status Register Definitions

The action-qualifier submodule operation is controlled and monitored via the registers in Table 2-6.
Table 2-6. Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers

Register Address offset Shadowed Description
Name
AQCTLA 0x000B No Action-Qualifier Control Register For Output A (EPWMxA)
AQCTLB 0x000C No Action-Qualifier Control Register For Output B (EPWMxB)
AQSFRC 0x000D No Action-Qualifier Software Force Register
AQCSFRC 0x000E Yes Action-Qualifier Continuous Software Force

www.ti.com Action-Qualifier (AQ) Submodule
The action-qualifier submodule is based on event-driven logic. It can be thought of as a programmable
cross switch with events at the input and actions at the output, all of which are software controlled via the
set of registers shown in Table 2-6.
Figure 2-18. Action-Qualifier Submodule Inputs and Outputs
Action-qualifier (AQ) Module
TBCLK AQCTLA[15:0] EPWMA

Action-qualifier control A
CTR = PRD
AQCTLB[15:0]
CTR = Zero Action-qualifier control B
CTR = CMPA AQSFRC[15:0]

Action-qualifier S/W force
CTR = CMPB EPWMB
AQCSFRC[3:0] (shadow)
CTR_dir continuous S/W force
AQCSFRC[3:0] (active)
continuous S/W force
For convenience, the possible input events are summarized again in Table 2-7.
Table 2-7. Action-Qualifier Submodule Possible Input Events

Signal Description Registers Compared
CTR = PRD Time-base counter equal to the period value TBCTR = TBPRD
CTR = Zero Time-base counter equal to zero TBCTR = 0x0000
CTR = CMPA Time-base counter equal to the counter-compare A TBCTR = CMPA
CTR = CMPB Time-base counter equal to the counter-compare B TBCTR = CMPB
Software forced event Asynchronous event initiated by software
The software forced action is a useful asynchronous event. This control is handled by registers AQSFRC
and AQCSFRC.
The action-qualifier submodule controls how the two outputs EPWMxA and EPWMxB behave when a
particular event occurs. The event inputs to the action-qualifier submodule are further qualified by the
counter direction (up or down). This allows for independent action on outputs on both the count-up and
count-down phases.
The possible actions imposed on outputs EPWMxA and EPWMxB are:
• Set High:
Set output EPWMxA or EPWMxB to a high level.
• Clear Low:
Set output EPWMxA or EPWMxB to a low level.
• Toggle:
If EPWMxA or EPWMxB is currently pulled high, then pull the output low. If EPWMxA or EPWMxB is
currently pulled low, then pull the output high.
• Do Nothing:
Keep outputs EPWMxA and EPWMxB at same level as currently set. Although the "Do Nothing" option
prevents an event from causing an action on the EPWMxA and EPWMxB outputs, this event can still
trigger interrupts and ADC start of conversion. See the Event-trigger Submodule description in
Section 2.8 for details.

Actions are specified independently for either output (EPWMxA or EPWMxB). Any or all events can be
configured to generate actions on a given output. For example, both CTR = CMPA and CTR = CMPB can
operate on output EPWMxA. All qualifier actions are configured via the control registers found at the end
of this section.
For clarity, the drawings in this document use a set of symbolic actions. These symbols are summarized in
Figure 2-19. Each symbol represents an action as a marker in time. Some actions are fixed in time (zero
and period) while the CMPA and CMPB actions are moveable and their time positions are programmed
via the counter-compare A and B registers, respectively. To turn off or disable an action, use the "Do
Nothing option"; it is the default at reset.
Figure 2-19. Possible Action-Qualifier Actions for EPWMxA and EPWMxB Outputs
TB Counter equals:
S/W Actions
force
Zero Comp Comp Period
A B
SW Z CA CB P
Do Nothing
SW Z CA CB P
Clear Low
SW Z CA CB P
Set High
SW Z CA CB P
T T T T T Toggle

2.4.3 Action-Qualifier Event Priority
It is possible for the ePWM action qualifier to receive more than one event at the same time. In this case
events are assigned a priority by the hardware. The general rule is events occurring later in time have a
higher priority and software forced events always have the highest priority. The event priority levels for
up-down-count mode are shown in Table 2-8. A priority level of 1 is the highest priority and level 7 is the
lowest. The priority changes slightly depending on the direction of TBCTR.
Table 2-8. Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Up-Down-Count Mode

Priority Level Event If TBCTR is Incrementing Event If TBCTR is Decrementing
TBCTR = Zero up to TBCTR = TBPRD TBCTR = TBPRD down to TBCTR = 1
1 (Highest) Software forced event Software forced event
2 Counter equals CMPB on up-count (CBU) Counter equals CMPB on down-count (CBD)
3 Counter equals CMPA on up-count (CAU) Counter equals CMPA on down-count (CAD)
4 Counter equals zero Counter equals period (TBPRD)
5 Counter equals CMPB on down-count (CBD) Counter equals CMPB on up-count (CBU)
6 (Lowest) Counter equals CMPA on down-count (CAD) Counter equals CMPA on up-count (CBU)
Table 2-9 shows the action-qualifier priority for up-count mode. In this case, the counter direction is always
defined as up and thus down-count events will never be taken.
Table 2-9. Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Up-Count Mode

Priority Level Event
1 (Highest) Software forced event
2 Counter equal to period (TBPRD)
3 Counter equal to CMPB on up-count (CBU)
4 Counter equal to CMPA on up-count (CAU)
5 (Lowest) Counter equal to Zero
Table 2-10 shows the action-qualifier priority for down-count mode. In this case, the counter direction is
always defined as down and thus up-count events will never be taken.
Table 2-10. Action-Qualifier Event Priority for Down-Count Mode

Priority Level Event
1 (Highest) Software forced event
2 Counter equal to Zero
3 Counter equal to CMPB on down-count (CBD)
4 Counter equal to CMPA on down-count (CAD)
5 (Lowest) Counter equal to period (TBPRD)
It is possible to set the compare value greater than the period. In this case the action will take place as
shown in Table 2-11.
Table 2-11. Behavior if CMPA/CMPB is Greater than the Period

Counter Mode Compare on Up-Count Event Compare on Down-Count Event
CAU/CBU CAU/CBU
Up-Count Mode If CMPA/CMPB ≤ TBPRD period, then the event Never occurs.
occurs on a compare match (TBCTR=CMPA or
CMPB).
If CMPA/CMPB > TBPRD, then the event will not
occur.

Table 2-11. Behavior if CMPA/CMPB is Greater than the Period (continued)

Counter Mode Compare on Up-Count Event Compare on Down-Count Event
CAU/CBU CAU/CBU
Down-Count Mode Never occurs. If CMPA/CMPB < TBPRD, the event will occur on a
compare match (TBCTR=CMPA or CMPB).
If CMPA/CMPB ≥ TBPRD, the event will occur on a
period match (TBCTR=TBPRD).
Up-Down-Count If CMPA/CMPB < TBPRD and the counter is If CMPA/CMPB < TBPRD and the counter is
Mode incrementing, the event occurs on a compare match decrementing, the event occurs on a compare match
(TBCTR=CMPA or CMPB). (TBCTR=CMPA or CMPB).
If CMPA/CMPB is ≥ TBPRD, the event will occur on a If CMPA/CMPB ≥ TBPRD, the event occurs on a
period match (TBCTR = TBPRD). period match (TBCTR=TBPRD).
2.4.4 Waveforms for Common Configurations
Note: The waveforms in this document show the ePWMs behavior for a static compare register
value. In a running system, the active compare registers (CMPA and CMPB) are typically
updated from their respective shadow registers once every period. The user specifies when
the update will take place; either when the time-base counter reaches zero or when the
time-base counter reaches period. There are some cases when the action based on the new
value can be delayed by one period or the action based on the old value can take effect for
an extra period. Some PWM configurations avoid this situation. These include, but are not
limited to, the following:
Use up-down-count mode to generate a symmetric PWM:
• If you load CMPA/CMPB on zero, then use CMPA/CMPB values greater
than or equal to 1.
• If you load CMPA/CMPB on period, then use CMPA/CMPB values less than
or equal to TBPRD-1.
This means there will always be a pulse of at least one TBCLK cycle in a
PWM period which, when very short, tend to be ignored by the system.
Use up-down-count mode to generate an asymmetric PWM:
• To achieve 50%-0% asymmetric PWM use the following configuration: Load
CMPA/CMPB on period and use the period action to clear the PWM and a
compare-up action to set the PWM. Modulate the compare value from 0 to
TBPRD to achieve 50%-0% PWM duty.
When using up-count mode to generate an asymmetric PWM:
• To achieve 0-100% asymmetric PWM use the following configuration: Load
CMPA/CMPB on TBPRD. Use the Zero action to set the PWM and a
compare-up action to clear the PWM. Modulate the compare value from 0 to
TBPRD+1 to achieve 0-100% PWM duty.
See the Using Enhanced Pulse Width Modulator (ePWM) Module for 0-100%
Duty Cycle Control Application Report (literature number SPRAAI1)
Figure 2-20 shows how a symmetric PWM waveform can be generated using the up-down-count mode of
the TBCTR. In this mode 0%-100% DC modulation is achieved by using equal compare matches on the
up count and down count portions of the waveform. In the example shown, CMPA is used to make the
comparison. When the counter is incrementing the CMPA match will pull the PWM output high. Likewise,
when the counter is decrementing the compare match will pull the PWM signal low. When CMPA = 0, the
PWM signal is low for the entire period giving the 0% duty waveform. When CMPA = TBPRD, the PWM
signal is high achieving 100% duty.

When using this configuration in practice, if you load CMPA/CMPB on zero, then use CMPA/CMPB values
greater than or equal to 1. If you load CMPA/CMPB on period, then use CMPA/CMPB values less than or
equal to TBPRD-1. This means there will always be a pulse of at least one TBCLK cycle in a PWM period
which, when very short, tend to be ignored by the system.
Figure 2-20. Up-Down-Count Mode Symmetrical Waveform

4 4
Mode: Up-Down Count 3 3 3 3
TBPRD = 4
CAU = SET, CAD = CLEAR 2 2 2 2
0% - 100% Duty
1 1 1 1
0 0 0
TBCTR
TBCTR Direction
UP DOWN UP DOWN
Case 1: EPWMxA/EPWMxB
CMPA = 4, 0% Duty
CMPA = 3, 25% Duty
Case 3:
EPWMxA/EPWMxB
CMPA = 2, 50% Duty
Case 3:
EPWMxA/EPWMxB
CMPA = 1, 75% Duty
CMPA = 0, 100% Duty
The PWM waveforms in Figure 2-21 through Figure 2-26 show some common action-qualifier
configurations. The C-code samples in Example 2-2 through Example 2-7 shows how to configure an
ePWM module for each case. Some conventions used in the figures and examples are as follows:
• TBPRD, CMPA, and CMPB refer to the value written in their respective registers. The active register,
not the shadow register, is used by the hardware.
• CMPx, refers to either CMPA or CMPB.
• EPWMxA and EPWMxB refer to the output signals from ePWMx
• Up-Down means Count-up-and-down mode, Up means up-count mode and Dwn means down-count
mode
• Sym = Symmetric, Asym = Asymmetric

Figure 2-21. Up, Single Edge Asymmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB—Active High
TBCTR
TBPRD
value
Z P CB CA Z P CB CA Z P
EPWMxA
Z P CB CA Z P CB CA Z P
EPWMxB
A PWM period = (TBPRD + 1 ) × TTBCLK

B Duty modulation for EPWMxA is set by CMPA, and is active high (that is, high time duty proportional to CMPA).
C Duty modulation for EPWMxB is set by CMPB and is active high (that is, high time duty proportional to CMPB).
D The "Do Nothing" actions ( X ) are shown for completeness, but will not be shown on subsequent diagrams.
E Actions at zero and period, although appearing to occur concurrently, are actually separated by one TBCLK period.
TBCTR wraps from period to 0000.
Example 2-2 contains a code sample showing initialization and run time for the waveforms in Figure 2-21.
Example 2-2. Code Sample for Figure 2-21
// Initialization Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 600; // Period = 601 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 350; // Compare A = 350 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = 200; // Compare B = 200 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.TBPHS = 0; // Set Phase register to zero
EPwm1Regs.TBCTR = 0; // clear TB counter
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UP;
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSEN = TB_DISABLE; // Phase loading disabled
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PRDLD = TB_SHADOW;
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.SYNCOSEL = TB_SYNC_DISABLE;
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.HSPCLKDIV = TB_DIV1; // TBCLK = SYSCLK
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CLKDIV = TB_DIV1;
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.SHDWAMODE = CC_SHADOW;
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.SHDWBMODE = CC_SHADOW;
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADAMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on CTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADBMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on CTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.ZRO = AQ_SET;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CAU = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.ZRO = AQ_SET;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_CLEAR;
//
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = Duty1A; // adjust duty for output EPWM1A
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = Duty1B; // adjust duty for output EPWM1B

Figure 2-22. Up, Single Edge Asymmetric Waveform With Independent Modulation on EPWMxA and
EPWMxB—Active Low
TBCTR
TBPRD
value
P CA P CA P
EPWMxA
P CB P CB P
EPWMxB
A PWM period = (TBPRD + 1 ) × TTBCLK

B Duty modulation for EPWMxA is set by CMPA, and is active low (that is, the low time duty is proportional to CMPA).
C Duty modulation for EPWMxB is set by CMPB and is active low (that is, the low time duty is proportional to CMPB).
D The Do Nothing actions ( X ) are shown for completeness here, but will not be shown on subsequent diagrams.
E Actions at zero and period, although appearing to occur concurrently, are actually separated by one TBCLK period.
TBCTR wraps from period to 0000.

// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.HSPCLKDIV = TB_DIV1; // TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADAMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on TBCTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADBMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on TBCTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.PRD = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CAU = AQ_SET;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.PRD = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_SET;
//
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
Figure 2-23. Up-Count, Pulse Placement Asymmetric Waveform With Independent Modulation on
EPWMxA
TBCTR
TBPRD
value
EPWMxA
Z Z Z
T T T
EPWMxB
A PWM frequency = 1/( (TBPRD + 1 ) × TTBCLK )

B Pulse can be placed anywhere within the PWM cycle (0000 - TBPRD)
C High time duty proportional to (CMPB - CMPA)
D EPWMxB can be used to generate a 50% duty square wave with frequency = × ( (TBPRD + 1 ) × TBCLK )
Example 2-4 contains a code sample showing initialization and run time for the waveforms Figure 2-23.
Use the code in Example 2-1 to define the headers.

// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADAMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on TBCTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADBMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on TBCTR = Zero
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CBU = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.ZRO = AQ_TOGGLE;
//
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = EdgePosA; // adjust duty for output EPWM1A only
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = EdgePosB;

Figure 2-24. Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Symmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on
EPWMxA and EPWMxB — Active Low
TBCTR
TBPRD
value
CA CA CA CA
EPWMxA
CB CB CB CB
EPWMxB
A PWM period = 2 x TBPRD × TTBCLK

B Duty modulation for EPWMxA is set by CMPA, and is active low (that is, the low time duty is proportional to CMPA).
C Duty modulation for EPWMxB is set by CMPB and is active low (that is, the low time duty is proportional to CMPB).
D Outputs EPWMxA and EPWMxB can drive independent power switches
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 600; // Period = 2×600 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN; // Symmetric
xEPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSEN = TB_DISABLE; // Phase loading disabled
xEPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PRDLD = TB_SHADOW;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CAD = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_SET;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBD = AQ_CLEAR;
//
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

Figure 2-25. Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Symmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on
EPWMxA and EPWMxB — Complementary
TBCTR
TBPRD
value
CA CA CA CA
EPWMxA
CB CB CB CB
EPWMxB
A PWM period = 2 × TBPRD × TTBCLK

B Duty modulation for EPWMxA is set by CMPA, and is active low, i.e., low time duty proportional to CMPA
C Duty modulation for EPWMxB is set by CMPB and is active high, i.e., high time duty proportional to CMPB
D Outputs EPWMx can drive upper/lower (complementary) power switches
E Dead-band = CMPB - CMPA (fully programmable edge placement by software). Note the dead-band module is also
available if the more classical edge delay method is required.
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 600; // Period = 2×600 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN; // Symmetric
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBD = AQ_SET;
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

Figure 2-26. Up-Down-Count, Dual Edge Asymmetric Waveform, With Independent Modulation on
EPWMxA—Active Low
TBCTR
CA CB CA CB
EPWMxA
Z P Z P
EPWMxB
A PWM period = 2 × TBPRD × TBCLK

B Rising edge and falling edge can be asymmetrically positioned within a PWM cycle. This allows for pulse placement
techniques.
C Duty modulation for EPWMxA is set by CMPA and CMPB.
D Low time duty for EPWMxA is proportional to (CMPA + CMPB).
E To change this example to active high, CMPA and CMPB actions need to be inverted (i.e., Set ! Clear and Clear Set).
F Duty modulation for EPWMxB is fixed at 50% (utilizes spare action resources for EPWMxB)
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 600; // Period = 2 × 600 TBCLK counts
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN;// Symmetric
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CBD = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.ZRO = AQ_CLEAR;
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.PRD = AQ_SET;
// Run Time
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = EdgePosA; // adjust duty for output EPWM1A only
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = EdgePosB;

www.ti.com Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule
2.5 Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule
Figure 2-27 illustrates the dead-band submodule within the ePWM module.
Figure 2-27. Dead_Band Submodule

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
and
ADC
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
PIE
2.5.1 Purpose of the Dead-Band Submodule

The "Action-qualifier (AQ) Module" section discussed how it is possible to generate the required
dead-band by having full control over edge placement using both the CMPA and CMPB resources of the
ePWM module. However, if the more classical edge delay-based dead-band with polarity control is
required, then the dead-band submodule described here should be used.
The key functions of the dead-band module are:
• Generating appropriate signal pairs (EPWMxA and EPWMxB) with dead-band relationship from a
single EPWMxA input
• Programming signal pairs for:
– Active high (AH)
– Active low (AL)
– Active high complementary (AHC)
– Active low complementary (ALC)
• Adding programmable delay to rising edges (RED)
• Adding programmable delay to falling edges (FED)
• Can be totally bypassed from the signal path (note dotted lines in diagram)
2.5.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Dead-Band Submodule

The dead-band submodule operation is controlled and monitored via the following registers:
Table 2-12. Dead-Band Generator Submodule Registers

Register Name Address offset Shadowed Description
DBCTL 0x000F No Dead-Band Control Register
DBRED 0x0010 No Dead-Band Rising Edge Delay Count Register
DBFED 0x0011 No Dead-Band Falling Edge Delay Count Register

Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule www.ti.com
2.5.3 Operational Highlights for the Dead-Band Submodule

The following sections provide the operational highlights.
The dead-band submodule has two groups of independent selection options as shown in Figure 2-28.
• Input Source Selection:
The input signals to the dead-band module are the EPWMxA and EPWMxB output signals from the
action-qualifier. In this section they will be referred to as EPWMxA In and EPWMxB In. Using the
DBCTL[IN_MODE) control bits, the signal source for each delay, falling-edge or rising-edge, can be
selected:
– EPWMxA In is the source for both falling-edge and rising-edge delay. This is the default mode.
– EPWMxA In is the source for falling-edge delay, EPWMxB In is the source for rising-edge delay.
– EPWMxA In is the source for rising edge delay, EPWMxB In is the source for falling-edge delay.
– EPWMxB In is the source for both falling-edge and rising-edge delay.
• Output Mode Control:
The output mode is configured by way of the DBCTL[OUT_MODE] bits. These bits determine if the
falling-edge delay, rising-edge delay, neither, or both are applied to the input signals.
• Polarity Control:
The polarity control (DBCTL[POLSEL]) allows you to specify whether the rising-edge delayed signal
and/or the falling-edge delayed signal is to be inverted before being sent out of the dead-band
submodule.
Figure 2-28. Configuration Options for the Dead-Band Submodule
Rising edge 0 S1
0 S2 EPWMxA
0 S4 delay RED
EPWMxA in
In Out 1
1
1 (10-bit
counter)
Falling edge 0 S3
0 S5 delay FED 1 S0
EPWMxB
In Out
1
1 (10-bit 0
counter)
DBCTL[IN_MODE] DBCTL[POLSEL] DBCTL[OUT_MODE]

EPWMxB in
Although all combinations are supported, not all are typical usage modes. Table 2-13 documents some
classical dead-band configurations. These modes assume that the DBCTL[IN_MODE] is configured such
that EPWMxA In is the source for both falling-edge and rising-edge delay. Enhanced, or non-traditional
modes can be achieved by changing the input signal source. The modes shown in Table 2-13 fall into the
following categories:
• Mode 1: Bypass both falling-edge delay (FED) and rising-edge delay (RED)
Allows you to fully disable the dead-band submodule from the PWM signal path.
• Mode 2-5: Classical Dead-Band Polarity Settings:
These represent typical polarity configurations that should address all the active high/low modes
required by available industry power switch gate drivers. The waveforms for these typical cases are
shown in Figure 2-29. Note that to generate equivalent waveforms to Figure 2-29, configure the

action-qualifier submodule to generate the signal as shown for EPWMxA.
• Mode 6: Bypass rising-edge-delay and Mode 7: Bypass falling-edge-delay
Finally the last two entries in Table 2-13 show combinations where either the falling-edge-delay (FED)
or rising-edge-delay (RED) blocks are bypassed.
Table 2-13. Classical Dead-Band Operating Modes

DBCTL[POLSEL] DBCTL[OUT_MODE]
Mode Mode Description
S3 S2 S1 S0
1 EPWMxA and EPWMxB Passed Through (No Delay) X X 0 0
2 Active High Complementary (AHC) 1 0 1 1
3 Active Low Complementary (ALC) 0 1 1 1
4 Active High (AH) 0 0 1 1
5 Active Low (AL) 1 1 1 1
EPWMxA Out = EPWMxA In (No Delay)
6 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 1
EPWMxB Out = EPWMxA In with Falling Edge Delay
EPWMxA Out = EPWMxA In with Rising Edge Delay
7 0 or 1 0 or 1 1 0
EPWMxB Out = EPWMxB In with No Delay

Dead-Band Generator (DB) Submodule www.ti.com
Figure 2-29 shows waveforms for typical cases where 0% < duty < 100%.
Figure 2-29. Dead-Band Waveforms for Typical Cases (0% < Duty < 100%)
Period
Original
(outA)
RED
Rising Edge
Delayed (RED)
FED
Falling Edge
Delayed (FED)
Active High
Complementary
(AHC)
Active Low
Complementary
(ALC)
Active High
(AH)
Active Low
(AL)

The dead-band submodule supports independent values for rising-edge (RED) and falling-edge (FED)
delays. The amount of delay is programmed using the DBRED and DBFED registers. These are 10-bit
registers and their value represents the number of time-base clock, TBCLK, periods a signal edge is
delayed by. For example, the formula to calculate falling-edge-delay and rising-edge-delay are:
FED = DBFED × TTBCLK
RED = DBRED × TTBCLK
Where TTBCLK is the period of TBCLK, the prescaled version of SYSCLKOUT.
For convenience, delay values for various TBCLK options are shown in Table 2-14.
Table 2-14. Dead-Band Delay Values in µS as a Function of DBFED and DBRED

Dead-Band Value Dead-Band Delay in µS
DBFED, DBRED TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT/1 TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT /2 TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT/4
1 0.01 µS 0.02 µS 0.04 µS
5 0.05 µS 0.10 µS 0.20 µS
10 0.10 µS 0.20 µS 0.40 µS
100 1.00 µS 2.00 µS 4.00 µS
200 2.00 µS 4.00 µS 8.00 µS
300 3.00 µS 6.00 µS 12.00 µS
400 4.00 µS 8.00 µS 16.00 µS
500 5.00 µS 10.00 µS 20.00 µS
600 6.00 µS 12.00 µS 24.00 µS
700 7.00 µS 14.00 µS 28.00 µS
800 8.00 µS 16.00 µS 32.00 µS
900 9.00 µS 18.00 µS 36.00 µS
1000 10.00 µS 20.00 µS 40.00 µS

PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule www.ti.com
2.6 PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule

Figure 2-30 illustrates the PWM-chopper (PC) submodule within the ePWM module.
Figure 2-30. PWM-Chopper Submodule

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
and
ADC
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxB
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxA
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
PIE
The PWM-chopper submodule allows a high-frequency carrier signal to modulate the PWM waveform
generated by the action-qualifier and dead-band submodules. This capability is important if you need
pulse transformer-based gate drivers to control the power switching elements.
2.6.1 Purpose of the PWM-Chopper Submodule

The key functions of the PWM-chopper submodule are:
• Programmable chopping (carrier) frequency
• Programmable pulse width of first pulse
• Programmable duty cycle of second and subsequent pulses
• Can be fully bypassed if not required
2.6.2 Controlling the PWM-Chopper Submodule

The PWM-chopper submodule operation is controlled via the registers in Table 2-15.
Table 2-15. PWM-Chopper Submodule Registers

mnemonic Address offset Shadowed Description
PCCTL 0x001E No PWM-chopper Control Register
2.6.3 Operational Highlights for the PWM-Chopper Submodule

Figure 2-31 shows the operational details of the PWM-chopper submodule. The carrier clock is derived
from SYSCLKOUT. Its frequency and duty cycle are controlled via the CHPFREQ and CHPDUTY bits in
the PCCTL register. The one-shot block is a feature that provides a high energy first pulse to ensure hard
and fast power switch turn on, while the subsequent pulses sustain pulses, ensuring the power switch
remains on. The one-shot width is programmed via the OSHTWTH bits. The PWM-chopper submodule
can be fully disabled (bypassed) via the CHPEN bit.

www.ti.com PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule
Figure 2-31. PWM-Chopper Submodule Operational Details

Bypass
0
EPWMxA
EPWMxA Start
One OSHT PWMA_ch 1
shot
Clk
Pulse-width
SYSCLKOUT /8
PCCTL
[OSHTWTH]
Divider and PCCTL
PSCLK [CHPEN]
duty control
PCCTL
[OSHTWTH]
PCCTL[CHPFREQ]
PCCTL[CHPDUTY]
Pulse-width
Clk
One PWMB_ch
EPWMxB shot
OSHT 1
Start EPWMxA
Bypass 0
2.6.4 Waveforms
Figure 2-32 shows simplified waveforms of the chopping action only; one-shot and duty-cycle control are
not shown. Details of the one-shot and duty-cycle control are discussed in the following sections.
Figure 2-32. Simple PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing Chopping Action Only
EPWMxA
EPWMxB
PSCLK
EPWMxA
EPWMxB

PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule www.ti.com
2.6.4.1 One-Shot Pulse
The width of the first pulse can be programmed to any of 16 possible pulse width values. The width or
period of the first pulse is given by:
T1stpulse = TSYSCLKOUT × 8 × OSHTWTH
Where TSYSCLKOUT is the period of the system clock (SYSCLKOUT) and OSHTWTH is the four control bits
(value from 1 to 16)
Figure 2-33 shows the first and subsequent sustaining pulses and Table 7.3 gives the possible pulse width
values for a SYSCLKOUT = 100 MHz.
Figure 2-33. PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing the First Pulse and Subsequent Sustaining
Pulses
Start OSHT pulse
EPWMxA in
PSCLK
Prog. pulse width

(OSHTWTH)
OSHT
EPWMxA out
Sustaining pulses
Table 2-16. Possible Pulse Width Values for

SYSCLKOUT = 100 MHz
OSHTWTHz Pulse Width
(hex) (nS)
0 80
1 160
2 240
3 320
4 400
5 480
6 560
7 640
8 720
9 800
A 880
B 960
C 1040
D 1120
E 1200
F 1280

www.ti.com PWM-Chopper (PC) Submodule
2.6.4.2 Duty Cycle Control

Pulse transformer-based gate drive designs need to comprehend the magnetic properties or
characteristics of the transformer and associated circuitry. Saturation is one such consideration. To assist
the gate drive designer, the duty cycles of the second and subsequent pulses have been made
programmable. These sustaining pulses ensure the correct drive strength and polarity is maintained on the
power switch gate during the on period, and hence a programmable duty cycle allows a design to be
tuned or optimized via software control.
Figure 2-34 shows the duty cycle control that is possible by programming the CHPDUTY bits. One of
seven possible duty ratios can be selected ranging from 12.5% to 87.5%.
Figure 2-34. PWM-Chopper Submodule Waveforms Showing the Pulse Width (Duty Cycle) Control of
Sustaining Pulses
PSCLK
PSCLK
period
PSCLK Period
75% 50% 25%
87.5% 62.5% 37.5% 12.5%
Duty
1/8
Duty
2/8
Duty
3/8
Duty
4/8
Duty
5/8
Duty
6/8
Duty
7/8

Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule www.ti.com
2.7 Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule

Figure 2-35 shows how the trip-zone (TZ) submodule fits within the ePWM module.
Figure 2-35. Trip-Zone Submodule

CTR = PRD
EPWMxINT
CTR = 0 Event PIE
Trigger
and
ADC
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMxA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ) GPIO
Counter
EPWMxB MUX
Compare EPWMxB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0
PIE
Each ePWM module is connected to six TZn signals (TZ1 to TZ6) that are sourced from the GPIO MUX.
These signals indicate external fault or trip conditions, and the ePWM outputs can be programmed to
respond accordingly when faults occur.
2.7.1 Purpose of the Trip-Zone Submodule

The key functions of the Trip-Zone submodule are:
• Trip inputs TZ1 to TZ6 can be flexibly mapped to any ePWM module.
• Upon a fault condition, outputs EPWMxA and EPWMxB can be forced to one of the following:
– High
– Low
– High-impedance
– No action taken
• Support for one-shot trip (OSHT) for major short circuits or over-current conditions.
• Support for cycle-by-cycle tripping (CBC) for current limiting operation.
• Each trip-zone input pin can be allocated to either one-shot or cycle-by-cycle operation.
• Interrupt generation is possible on any trip-zone pin.
• Software-forced tripping is also supported.
• The trip-zone submodule can be fully bypassed if it is not required.

www.ti.com Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule
2.7.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Trip-Zone Submodule
The trip-zone submodule operation is controlled and monitored through the following registers:
Table 2-17. Trip-Zone Submodule Registers

(1)
TZSEL 0x0012 No Trip-Zone Select Register
reserved 0x0013
TZCTL 0x0014 No Trip-Zone Control Register
TZEINT 0x0015 No Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register
TZFLG 0x0016 No Trip-Zone Flag Register
TZCLR 0x0017 No Trip-Zone Clear Register
TZFRC 0x0018 No Trip-Zone Force Register
(1)
All trip-zone registers are EALLOW protected and can be modified only after executing the EALLOW instruction. For more
information, see the device-specific version of the System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide listed in Section 1.
2.7.3 Operational Highlights for the Trip-Zone Submodule

The following sections describe the operational highlights and configuration options for the trip-zone
submodule.
The trip-zone signals at pins TZ1 to TZ6 (also collectively referred to as TZn) are active low input signals.
When one of these pins goes low, it indicates that a trip event has occurred. Each ePWM module can be
individually configured to ignore or use each of the trip-zone pins. Which trip-zone pins are used by a
particular ePWM module is determined by the TZSEL register for that specific ePWM module. The
trip-zone signals may or may not be synchronized to the system clock (SYSCLKOUT) and digitally filtered
within the GPIO MUX block. A minimum 1 SYSCLKOUT low pulse on TZn inputs is sufficient to trigger a
fault condition in the ePWM module. The asynchronous trip makes sure that if clocks are missing for any
reason, the outputs can still be tripped by a valid event present on TZn inputs, providing the GPIO is
appropriately configured. For more information, see the GPIO section of the device-specific version of the
System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide listed in Section 1.
Each TZn input can be individually configured to provide either a cycle-by-cycle or one-shot trip event for a
ePWM module. The configuration is determined by the TZSEL[CBCn] and TZSEL[OSHTn] control bits
(where n corresponds to the trip pin) respectively.
• Cycle-by-Cycle (CBC):
When a cycle-by-cycle trip event occurs, the action specified in the TZCTL register is carried out
immediately on the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB output. Table 2-18 lists the possible actions. In addition,
the cycle-by-cycle trip event flag (TZFLG[CBC]) is set and a EPWMx_TZINT interrupt is generated if it
is enabled in the TZEINT register and PIE peripheral.
The specified condition on the pins is automatically cleared when the ePWM time-base counter
reaches zero (TBCTR = 0x0000) if the trip event is no longer present. Therefore, in this mode, the trip
event is cleared or reset every PWM cycle. The TZFLG[CBC] flag bit will remain set until it is manually
cleared by writing to the TZCLR[CBC] bit. If the cycle-by-cycle trip event is still present when the
TZFLG[CBC] bit is cleared, then it will again be immediately set.
• One-Shot (OSHT):
When a one-shot trip event occurs, the action specified in the TZCTL register is carried out
immediately on the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB output. Table 2-18 lists the possible actions. In addition,
the one-shot trip event flag (TZFLG[OST]) is set and a EPWMx_TZINT interrupt is generated if it is
enabled in the TZEINT register and PIE peripheral. The one-shot trip condition must be cleared
manually by writing to the TZCLR[OST] bit.
The action taken when a trip event occurs can be configured individually for each of the ePWM output
pins by way of the TZCTL[TZA] and TZCTL[TZB] register bits. One of four possible actions, shown in
Table 2-18, can be taken on a trip event.

Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule www.ti.com
Table 2-18. Possible Actions On a Trip Event

TZCTL[TZA] EPWMxA Comment
and/or and/or
TZCTL[TZB] EPWMxB
0,0 High-Impedance Tripped
0,1 Force to High State Tripped
1,0 Force to Low State Tripped
1,1 No Change Do Nothing.
No change is made to the output.
Example 2-8. Trip-Zone Configurations
Scenario A:
A one-shot trip event on TZ1 pulls both EPWM1A, EPWM1B low and also forces EPWM2A and
EPWM2B high.
• Configure the ePWM1 registers as follows:
– TZSEL[OSHT1] = 1: enables TZ1 as a one-shot event source for ePWM1
– TZCTL[TZA] = 2: EPWM1A will be forced low on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZB] = 2: EPWM1B will be forced low on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZA] = 1: EPWM2A will be forced high on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZB] = 1: EPWM2B will be forced high on a trip event.
Scenario B:
A cycle-by-cycle event on TZ5 pulls both EPWM1A, EPWM1B low.
A one-shot event on TZ1 or TZ6 puts EPWM2A into a high impedance state.
– TZSEL[CBC5] = 1: enables TZ5 as a one-shot event source for ePWM1
– TZCTL[TZA] = 2: EPWM1A will be forced low on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZB] = 2: EPWM1B will be forced low on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZA] = 0: EPWM1A will be put into a high-impedance state on a trip event.
– TZCTL[TZB] = 3: EPWM1B will ignore the trip event.

www.ti.com Trip-Zone (TZ) Submodule
2.7.4 Generating Trip Event Interrupts
Figure 2-36 and Figure 2-37 illustrate the trip-zone submodule control and interrupt logic, respectively.
Figure 2-36. Trip-Zone Submodule Mode Control Logic

TZCTL[TZB]
TZCTL[TZA]
EPWMxA Trip EPWMxA

EPWMxB logic EPWMxB
CTR=zero Clear
Latch
cyc−by-cyc Trip
mode CBC
(CBC) trip event
TZFRC[CBC]
Set
TZ1
TZ2 Set
TZ3
Sync
TZ4
TZFLG[CBC]
TZ5
TZ6
TZCLR[CBC] Clear
TZSEL[CBC1 to CBC6]
TZCLR[OST] Clear
Latch
one-shot Trip
mode OSHT
(OSHT) trip event
TZFRC[OSHT]
Set
TZ1
TZ2
TZ3
Sync
TZ4
TZ5 Async Trip
TZ6
TZSEL[OSHT1 to OSHT6] Set

TZFLG[OST]
Clear

Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule www.ti.com
Figure 2-37. Trip-Zone Submodule Interrupt Logic

TZFLG[INT] TZFLG[CBC]
TZCLR[INT] Clear Clear TZCLR[CBC]

Latch Latch
CBC
Set Set
TZEINT[CBC] trip event
TZFLG[OST]
Generate
EPWMx_TZINT interrupt Clear TZCLR[OST]
(PIE) pulse when
input=1 Latch
OSHT
Set
TZEINT[OST] trip event
2.8 Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule

The key functions of the event-trigger submodule are:
• Receives event inputs generated by the time-base and counter-compare submodules
• Uses the time-base direction information for up/down event qualification
• Uses prescaling logic to issue interrupt requests and ADC start of conversion at:
– Every event
– Every second event
– Every third event
• Provides full visibility of event generation via event counters and flags
• Allows software forcing of Interrupts and ADC start of conversion
The event-trigger submodule manages the events generated by the time-base submodule and the
counter-compare submodule to generate an interrupt to the CPU and/or a start of conversion pulse to the
ADC when a selected event occurs. Figure 2-38 illustrates where the event-trigger submodule fits within
the ePWM system.
Figure 2-38. Event-Trigger Submodule

CTR = PRD
Event EPWMxINT
CTR = 0
Trigger
and
EPWMxSYNCO
(TB)
CTR_Dir
EPWMxA
EPWMA
Dead PWM- Trip

Band chopper Zone
CTR = CMPA
(DB) (PC) (TZ)
Counter
EPWMxB
Compare EPWMB
(CC) CTR = CMPB
CTR = 0

www.ti.com Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule
2.8.1 Operational Overview of the Event-Trigger Submodule
The following sections describe the event-trigger submodule's operational highlights.
Each ePWM module has one interrupt request line connected to the PIE and two start of conversion
signals (one for each sequencer) connected to the ADC module. As shown in Figure 2-39, ADC start of
conversion for all ePWM modules are ORed together and hence multiple modules can initiate an ADC
start of conversion. If two requests occur on one start of conversion line, then only one will be recognized
by the ADC.
Figure 2-39. Event-Trigger Submodule Inter-Connectivity of ADC Start of Conversion and Interrupt
Signals
EPWM1INT
EPWM1 EPWM1SOCA
module EPWM1SOCB
EPWM2INT
EPWM2 EPWM2SOCA PIE
module EPWM2SOCB
EPWMxINT
EPWMx EPWMxSOCA
module EPWMxSOCB
SOCB SOCA
ADC
The event-trigger submodule monitors various event conditions (the left side inputs to event-trigger
submodule shown in Figure 2-40) and can be configured to prescale these events before issuing an
Interrupt request or an ADC start of conversion. The event-trigger prescaling logic can issue Interrupt
requests and ADC start of conversion at:
• Every event
• Every second event
• Every third event

Figure 2-40. Event-Trigger Submodule Showing Event Inputs and Prescaled Outputs
clear
CTR=Zero EPWMxINTn
Event Trigger /n PIE
Module Logic
CTR=PRD
count
clear
CTRU=CMPA
ETSEL reg
CTR=CMPA CTRD=CMPA EPWMxSOCA
/n
Direction
CTRU=CMPB ETPS reg
qualifier
count
CTR=CMPB CTRD=CMPB
ETFLG reg ADC
clear
ETCLR reg EPWMxSOCB

CTR_dir /n
ETFRC reg count
The key registers used to configure the event-trigger submodule are shown in Table 2-19:
Table 2-19. Event-Trigger Submodule Registers

ETSEL 0x0019 No Event-trigger Selection Register
ETPS 0x001A No Event-trigger Prescale Register
ETFLG 0x001B No Event-trigger Flag Register
ETCLR 0x001C No Event-trigger Clear Register
ETFRC 0x001D No Event-trigger Force Register
• ETSEL—This selects which of the possible events will trigger an interrupt or start an ADC conversion
• ETPS—This programs the event prescaling options mentioned above.
• ETFLG—These are flag bits indicating status of the selected and prescaled events.
• ETCLR—These bits allow you to clear the flag bits in the ETFLG register via software.
• ETFRC—These bits allow software forcing of an event. Useful for debugging or s/w intervention.
A more detailed look at how the various register bits interact with the Interrupt and ADC start of
conversion logic are shown in Figure 2-41, Figure 2-42, and Figure 2-43.
Figure 2-41 shows the event-trigger's interrupt generation logic. The interrupt-period (ETPS[INTPRD]) bits
specify the number of events required to cause an interrupt pulse to be generated. The choices available
are:
• Do not generate an interrupt.
• Generate an interrupt on every event
• Generate an interrupt on every second event
• Generate an interrupt on every very third event
Which event can cause an interrupt is configured by the interrupt selection (ETSEL[INTSEL]) bits. The
event can be one of the following:
• Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000).
• Time-base counter equal to period (TBCTR = TBPRD).
• Time-base counter equal to the compare A register (CMPA) when the timer is incrementing.
• Time-base counter equal to the compare A register (CMPA) when the timer is decrementing.
• Time-base counter equal to the compare B register (CMPB) when the timer is incrementing.
• Time-base counter equal to the compare B register (CMPB) when the timer is decrementing.

www.ti.com Event-Trigger (ET) Submodule
The number of events that have occurred can be read from the interrupt event counter (ETPS[INTCNT])
register bits. That is, when the specified event occurs the ETPS[INTCNT] bits are incremented until they
reach the value specified by ETPS[INTPRD]. When ETPS[INTCNT] = ETPS[INTPRD] the counter stops
counting and its output is set. The counter is only cleared when an interrupt is sent to the PIE.
When ETPS[INTCNT] reaches ETPS[INTPRD] the one of the following behaviors will occur:
• If interrupts are enabled, ETSEL[INTEN] = 1 and the interrupt flag is clear, ETFLG[INT] = 0, then an
interrupt pulse is generated and the interrupt flag is set, ETFLG[INT] = 1, and the event counter is
cleared ETPS[INTCNT] = 0. The counter will begin counting events again.
• If interrupts are disabled, ETSEL[INTEN] = 0, or the interrupt flag is set, ETFLG[INT] = 1, the counter
stops counting events when it reaches the period value ETPS[INTCNT] = ETPS[INTPRD].
• If interrupts are enabled, but the interrupt flag is already set, then the counter will hold its output high
until the ENTFLG[INT] flag is cleared. This allows for one interrupt to be pending while one is serviced.
Writing to the INTPRD bits will automatically clear the counter INTCNT = 0 and the counter output will be
reset (so no interrupts are generated). Writing a 1 to the ETFRC[INT] bit will increment the event counter
INTCNT. The counter will behave as described above when INTCNT = INTPRD. When INTPRD = 0, the
counter is disabled and hence no events will be detected and the ETFRC[INT] bit is also ignored.
The above definition means that you can generate an interrupt on every event, on every second event, or
on every third event. An interrupt cannot be generated on every fourth or more events.
Figure 2-41. Event-Trigger Interrupt Generator
ETCLR[INT] Clear
Latch ETFLG[INT]
Set
ETPS[INTCNT]
Generate ETSEL[INTSEL]
1 0
interrupt Clear CNT
EPWMxINT pulse
2-bit
when ETFRC[INT]
0 Counter
input = 1 000 0
001 CTR=Zero
010 CTR=PRD
Inc CNT 011 0
100 CTRU=CMPA
ETSEL[INT] 101 CTRD=CMPA
101 CTRU=CMPB
111 CTRD=CMPB
ETPS[INTPRD]
Figure 2-42 shows the operation of the event-trigger's start-of-conversion-A (SOCA) pulse generator. The
ETPS[SOCACNT] counter and ETPS[SOCAPRD] period values behave similarly to the interrupt generator
except that the pulses are continuously generated. That is, the pulse flag ETFLG[SOCA] is latched when a
pulse is generated, but it does not stop further pulse generation. The enable/disable bit ETSEL[SOCAEN]
stops pulse generation, but input events can still be counted until the period value is reached as with the
interrupt generation logic. The event that will trigger an SOCA and SOCB pulse can be configured
separately in the ETSEL[SOCASEL] and ETSEL[SOCBSEL] bits. The possible events are the same
events that can be specified for the interrupt generation logic.

Figure 2-42. Event-Trigger SOCA Pulse Generator

ETCLR[SOCA] Clear
Latch ETFLG[SOCA]
Set
ETPS[SOCACNT]
ETSEL[SOCASEL]
Clear CNT
Generate
ETFRC[SOCA]
SOC 2-bit
SOCA pulse Counter 0
000
when 001 CTR=Zero
input = 1 010 CTR=PRD
Inc CNT
011 0
100 CTRU=CMPA
ETSEL[SOCAEN] 101 CTRD=CMPA
ETPS[SOCAPRD] 101 CTRU=CMPB
111 CTRD=CMPB
Figure 2-43 shows the operation of the event-trigger's start-of-conversion-B (SOCB) pulse generator. The
event-trigger's SOCB pulse generator operates the same way as the SOCA.
Figure 2-43. Event-Trigger SOCB Pulse Generator

ETCLR[SOCB] Clear
Latch ETFLG[SOCB]
Set
ETPS[SOCBCNT]
ETSEL[SOCBSEL]
Clear CNT
Generate ETFRC[SOCB]
SOC 2-bit
SOCB pulse Counter 000 0
when 001 CTR=Zero
input = 1 010 CTR=PRD
Inc CNT
011 0
100 CTRU=CMPA
ETSEL[SOCBEN] 101 CTRD=CMPA
ETPS[SOCBPRD] 101 CTRU=CMPB
111 CTRD=CMPB

Chapter 3
Applications to Power Topologies
An ePWM module has all the local resources necessary to operate completely as a standalone module or
to operate in synchronization with other identical ePWM modules.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
3.1 Overview of Multiple Modules .................................................... 70

3.2 Key Configuration Capabilities ................................................... 70
3.3 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent
Frequencies ............................................................................. 71
3.4 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies ....... 75
3.5 Controlling Multiple Half H-Bridge (HHB) Converters..................... 78
3.6 Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM) ...... 80
3.7 Practical Applications Using Phase Control Between PWM
Modules ................................................................................... 84
3.8 Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter ...................... 85
3.9 Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter . 89
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Applications to Power Topologies 69

Overview of Multiple Modules www.ti.com
3.1 Overview of Multiple Modules

Previously in this user's guide, all discussions have described the operation of a single module. To
facilitate the understanding of multiple modules working together in a system, the ePWM module
described in reference is represented by the more simplified block diagram shown in Figure 3-1. This
simplified ePWM block shows only the key resources needed to explain how a multiswitch power topology
is controlled with multiple ePWM modules working together.
Figure 3-1. Simplified ePWM Module
SyncIn
Phase reg EN
Φ=0° EPWMxA
EPWMxB
CTR = 0
CTR=CMPB
X
SyncOut
3.2 Key Configuration Capabilities

The key configuration choices available to each module are as follows:
• Options for SyncIn
– Load own counter with phase register on an incoming sync strobe—enable (EN) switch closed
– Do nothing or ignore incoming sync strobe—enable switch open
– Sync flow-through - SyncOut connected to SyncIn
– Master mode, provides a sync at PWM boundaries—SyncOut connected to CTR = PRD
– Master mode, provides a sync at any programmable point in time—SyncOut connected to CTR =
CMPB
– Module is in standalone mode and provides No sync to other modules—SyncOut connected to X
(disabled)
• Options for SyncOut
– Sync flow-through - SyncOut connected to SyncIn
– Master mode, provides a sync at PWM boundaries—SyncOut connected to CTR = PRD
– Master mode, provides a sync at any programmable point in time—SyncOut connected to CTR =
CMPB
– Module is in standalone mode and provides No sync to other modules—SyncOut connected to X
(disabled)
For each choice of SyncOut, a module may also choose to load its own counter with a new phase value
on a SyncIn strobe input or choose to ignore it, i.e., via the enable switch. Although various combinations
are possible, the two most common—master module and slave module modes—are shown in Figure 3-2.
70 Applications to Power Topologies SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

www.ti.com Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies
Figure 3-2. EPWM1 Configured as a Typical Master, EPWM2 Configured as a Slave

Ext SyncIn
(optional)
Master Slave
SyncIn Phase reg SyncIn
Phase reg EN EN
Φ=0° EPWM1A Φ=0° EPWM2A
EPWM1B EPWM2B
CTR=0 CTR=0
CTR=CMPB CTR=CMPB
X X
1 SyncOut 2 SyncOut
3.3 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies

One of the simplest power converter topologies is the buck. A single ePWM module configured as a
master can control two buck stages with the same PWM frequency. If independent frequency control is
required for each buck converter, then one ePWM module must be allocated for each converter stage.
Figure 3-3 shows four buck stages, each running at independent frequencies. In this case, all four ePWM
modules are configured as Masters and no synchronization is used. Figure 3-4 shows the waveforms
generated by the setup shown in Figure 3-3; note that only three waveforms are shown, although there
are four stages.

Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies www.ti.com
Figure 3-3. Control of Four Buck Stages. Here FPWM1≠ FPWM2≠ FPWM3≠ FPWM4
Ext SyncIn
Master1 (optional)
Phase reg SyncIn
En Vin1 Vout1
Φ=X EPWM1A
EPWM1B Buck #1
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB EPWM1A
X
1 SyncOut
Master2
Phase reg SyncIn Vin2 Vout2
En
Φ=X EPWM2A
Buck #2
EPWM2B
CTR=zero EPWM2A
CTR=CMPB
X
2 SyncOut
Master3
Phase reg SyncIn
En Vin3 Vout3
Φ=X EPWM3A
EPWM3B Buck #3
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB EPWM3A
X
3 SyncOut
Master4
Phase reg SyncIn Vin4 Vout4
En
Φ=X EPWM4A
Buck #4
EPWM4B
CTR=zero EPWM4A
CTR=CMPB
X
3 SyncOut
NOTE: Θ = X indicates value in phase register is a "don't care"

www.ti.com Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies
Figure 3-4. Buck Waveforms for Figure 3-3 (Note: Only three bucks shown here)
P P P
I I I
700 950
1200
P CA CB P CA P
A
EPWM1A
Pulse center
700 1150
1400
P CA CB P CA
A
EPWM2A
650
500
800
CA
CA P P CA P
CB
A
EPWM3A
P Indicates this event triggers an interrupt CB Indicates this event triggers an ADC start
I A of conversion

Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Independent Frequencies www.ti.com
Example 3-1. Configuration for Example in Figure 3-4
//=====================================================================
// (Note: code for only 3 modules shown)
//========================
// EPWM Module 1 config
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UP; // Asymmetrical mode
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADAMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on CTR=Zero
EPwm1Regs.CMPCTL.bit.LOADBMODE = CC_CTR_ZERO; // load on CTR=Zero
//
// Run Time (Note: Example execution of one run-time instant)
//=========================================================
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 700; // adjust duty for output EPWM1A

www.ti.com Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies
3.4 Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies

If synchronization is a requirement, ePWM module 2 can be configured as a slave and can operate at
integer multiple (N) frequencies of module 1. The sync signal from master to slave ensures these modules
remain locked. Figure 3-5 shows such a configuration; Figure 3-6 shows the waveforms generated by the
configuration.
Figure 3-5. Control of Four Buck Stages. (Note: FPWM2 = N x FPWM1)

Vin1 Vout1
Ext SyncIn Buck #1

(optional) EPWM1A
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=0° EPWM1A Vin2 Vout2
EPWM1B
CTR=zero Buck #2
CTR=CMPB EPWM1B
X
SyncOut
Vin3 Vout3
Slave Buck #3
Phase reg SyncIn EPWM2A
En
Φ=X EPWM2A
EPWM2B Vin4 Vout4
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X Buck #4
SyncOut EPWM2B

Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies www.ti.com
Figure 3-6. Buck Waveforms for Figure 3-5 (Note: FPWM2 = FPWM1))
Z 600 Z Z
I 400 400 I I
200 200
CA P CA CA P CA
A A
EPWM1A
CB CB CB CB
EPWM1B
500 500
300 300
CA CA CA CA
EPWM2A
CB CB CB CB
EPWM2B

www.ti.com Controlling Multiple Buck Converters With Same Frequencies
Example 3-2. Code Snippet for Configuration in Figure 3-5
//=====================================================================
// Config
//=====================================================================
//========================
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN; // Symmetrical mode
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSEN = TB_DISABLE; // Master module
EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.SYNCOSEL = TB_CTR_ZERO; // Sync down-stream module
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CAU = AQ_SET; // set actions for EPWM1A
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_SET; // set actions for EPWM1B
EPwm2Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSEN = TB_ENABLE; // Slave module
EPwm2Regs.TBCTL.bit.SYNCOSEL = TB_SYNC_IN; // sync flow-through
EPwm2Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CBU = AQ_SET; // set actions for EPWM2B
//
// Run Time (Note: Example execution of one run-time instance)
//===========================================================
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = 200; // adjust duty for output EPWM1B
EPwm2Regs.CMPB = 300; // adjust duty for output EPWM2B

Controlling Multiple Half H-Bridge (HHB) Converters www.ti.com
3.5 Controlling Multiple Half H-Bridge (HHB) Converters

Topologies that require control of multiple switching elements can also be addressed with these same
ePWM modules. It is possible to control a Half-H bridge stage with a single ePWM module. This control
can be extended to multiple stages. Figure 3-7 shows control of two synchronized Half-H bridge stages
where stage 2 can operate at integer multiple (N) frequencies of stage 1. Figure 3-8 shows the waveforms
generated by the configuration shown in Figure 3-7.
Module 2 (slave) is configured for Sync flow-through; if required, this configuration allows for a third Half-H
bridge to be controlled by PWM module 3 and also, most importantly, to remain in synchronization with
master module 1.
Figure 3-7. Control of Two Half-H Bridge Stages (FPWM2 = N x FPWM1)

Ext SyncIn VDC_bus
(optional) Vout1
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
EPWM1A
En
Φ=0° EPWM1A
EPWM1B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
SyncOut EPWM1B
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En VDC_bus
Φ=0° EPWM2A Vout2
EPWM2B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB EPWM2A
X
SyncOut
EPWM2B

www.ti.com Controlling Multiple Half H-Bridge (HHB) Converters
Figure 3-8. Half-H Bridge Waveforms for Figure 3-7 (Note: Here FPWM2 = FPWM1 )
Z Z Z
I I I
600
400 400
200 200
Z CB CA Z CB CA
A A
EPWM1A
CA CB Z CA CB Z
A A
EPWM1B
Pulse Center
500 500
250 250
Z CB CA Z CB CA
A A
EPWM2A
CA CB Z CA CB Z
A A
EPWM2B
Pulse Center

Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM) www.ti.com
//=====================================================================
// Config
//=====================================================================
//========================
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLA.bit.ZRO = AQ_SET; // set actions for EPWM1A
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.ZRO = AQ_CLEAR; // set actions for EPWM1B
EPwm1Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CAD = AQ_SET;
EPwm2Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN;// Symmetrical mode
EPwm2Regs.AQCTLB.bit.ZRO = AQ_CLEAR; // set actions for EPWM1B
EPwm2Regs.AQCTLB.bit.CAD = AQ_SET;
//============================================================
EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 400; // adjust duty for output EPWM1A & EPWM1B
EPwm1Regs.CMPB = 200; // adjust point-in-time for ADCSOC trigger
EPwm2Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 500; // adjust duty for output EPWM2A & EPWM2B
3.6 Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM)
The idea of multiple modules controlling a single power stage can be extended to the 3-phase Inverter
case. In such a case, six switching elements can be controlled using three PWM modules, one for each
leg of the inverter. Each leg must switch at the same frequency and all legs must be synchronized. A
master + two slaves configuration can easily address this requirement. Figure 3-9 shows how six PWM
modules can control two independent 3-phase Inverters; each running a motor.
As in the cases shown in the previous sections, we have a choice of running each inverter at a different
frequency (module 1 and module 4 are masters as in Figure 3-9), or both inverters can be synchronized
by using one master (module 1) and five slaves. In this case, the frequency of modules 4, 5, and 6 (all
equal) can be integer multiples of the frequency for modules 1, 2, 3 (also all equal).

www.ti.com Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM)
Figure 3-9. Control of Dual 3-Phase Inverter Stages as Is Commonly Used in Motor Control
Ext SyncIn
(optional)
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=0° EPWM1A
EPWM1B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
1 SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn EPWM1A EPWM2A EPWM3A
En
Φ=0° EPWM2A VAB
EPWM2B VCD
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB VEF
X
2 SyncOut EPWM1B EPWM2B EPWM3B
3 phase motor
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=0° EPWM3A
3 phase inverter #1
EPWM3B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
3 SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg
SyncIn
En
Φ=0° EPWM4A
EPWM4B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
4 SyncOut
EPWM4A EPWM5A EPWM6A

Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En VAB
Φ=0° EPWM5A VCD
EPWM5B VEF
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X EPWM4B EPWM5B EPWM6B
5 3 phase motor
SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En 3 phase inverter #2
Φ=0° EPWM6A
EPWM6B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
6 SyncOut

Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM) www.ti.com
Figure 3-10. 3-Phase Inverter Waveforms for Figure 3-9 (Only One Inverter Shown)
Z 800 Z
I I
500 500
CA P CA CA P CA
A A
EPWM1A RED
RED
EPWM1B FED FED
600 600
Φ2=0
CA CA CA CA
EPWM2A
RED
EPWM2B
FED
700 700
Φ3=0
CA CA CA CA
EPWM3A RED
EPWM3B
FED

www.ti.com Controlling Dual 3-Phase Inverters for Motors (ACI and PMSM)
//=====================================================================
// Configuration
//=====================================================================
//========================// EPWM Module 1 config
EPwm1Regs.DBCTL.bit.MODE = DB_FULL_ENABLE; // enable Dead-band module
EPwm1Regs.DBCTL.bit.POLSEL = DB_ACTV_HIC; // Active Hi complementary
EPwm1Regs.DBFED = 50; // FED = 50 TBCLKs
EPwm1Regs.DBRED = 50; // RED = 50 TBCLKs
//=========================================================

Practical Applications Using Phase Control Between PWM Modules www.ti.com
3.7 Practical Applications Using Phase Control Between PWM Modules

So far, none of the examples have made use of the phase register (TBPHS). It has either been set to zero
or its value has been a don't care. However, by programming appropriate values into TBPHS, multiple
PWM modules can address another class of power topologies that rely on phase relationship between
legs (or stages) for correct operation. As described in the TB module section, a PWM module can be
configured to allow a SyncIn pulse to cause the TBPHS register to be loaded into the TBCTR register. To
illustrate this concept, Figure 3-11 shows a master and slave module with a phase relationship of 120°,
i.e., the slave leads the master.
Figure 3-11. Configuring Two PWM Modules for Phase Control

Ext SyncIn
(optional)
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=0° EPWM1A
EPWM1B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
1 SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=120° EPWM2A
EPWM2B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
2 SyncOut
Figure 3-12 shows the associated timing waveforms for this configuration. Here, TBPRD = 600 for both
master and slave. For the slave, TBPHS = 200 (i.e., 200/600 X 360° = 120°). Whenever the master
generates a SyncIn pulse (CTR = PRD), the value of TBPHS = 200 is loaded into the slave TBCTR
register so the slave time-base is always leading the master's time-base by 120°.

www.ti.com Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter
Figure 3-12. Timing Waveforms Associated With Phase Control Between 2 Modules
FFFFh TBCTR[0-15]
Master Module
600 600
TBPRD
0000
CTR = PRD
time
(SycnOut)
FFFFh TBCTR[0-15]
Φ2 Phase = 120°
Slave Module
600 600
TBPRD
200 200
TBPHS
0000
SyncIn
time
3.8 Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter

A popular power topology that makes use of phase-offset between modules is shown in Figure 3-13. This
system uses three PWM modules, with module 1 configured as the master. To work, the phase
relationship between adjacent modules must be F = 120°. This is achieved by setting the slave TBPHS
registers 2 and 3 with values of 1/3 and 2/3 of the period value, respectively. For example, if the period
register is loaded with a value of 600 counts, then TBPHS (slave 2) = 200 and TBPHS (slave 3) = 400.
Both slave modules are synchronized to the master 1 module.
This concept can be extended to four or more phases, by setting the TBPHS values appropriately. The
following formula gives the TBPHS values for N phases:
TBPHS(N,M) = (TBPRD/N) x (—1)
Where:
N = number of phases
M = PWM module number
For example, for the 3-phase case (N=3), TBPRD = 600,
TBPHS(3,2) = (600/3) x (2-1) = 200 (i.e., Phase value for Slave module 2)
TBPHS(3,3) = 400 (i.e., Phase value for Slave module 3)
Figure 3-14 shows the waveforms for the configuration in Figure 3-13.

Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter www.ti.com
Figure 3-13. Control of a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter

Ext SyncIn
(optional)
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
VIN
En
Φ=0° EPWM1A
EPWM1B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB EPWM1A EPWM2A EPWM3A
X
1 SyncOut
Slave
EPWM1B EPWM2B EPWM3B VOUT
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=120° EPWM2A
EPWM2B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
2 SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=240° EPWM3A
EPWM3B
CTR=zero
CTR=CMPB
X
3 SyncOut

www.ti.com Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter
Figure 3-14. 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter Waveforms for Figure 3-13
Z Z Z Z
450
I I I I
285 285
CA P CA CA P CA CA P CA
A A A
EPWM1A RED RED RED
EPWM1B FED FED FED
300 Φ2=120°
TBPHS
(=300)
EPWM2A
EPWM2B
300 Φ2=120°
TBPHS
(=300)
EPWM3A
EPWM3B

Controlling a 3-Phase Interleaved DC/DC Converter www.ti.com
//=====================================================================
// Config
//========================
EPwm2Regs.TBPHS = 300; // Phase = 300/900 * 360 = 120 deg
EPwm2Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSDIR = TB_DOWN; // Count DOWN on sync (=120 deg)
EPwm2Regs.DBCTL.bit.POLSEL = DB_ACTV_HIC; // Active Hi Complementary
EPwm3Regs.TBPHS = 300; // Phase = 300/900 * 360 = 120 deg
EPwm2Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSDIR = TB_UP; // Count UP on sync (=240 deg)
EPwm3Regs.AQCTLA.bit.CAU = AQ_SET; // set actions for EPWM3Ai
//===========================================================

www.ti.com Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter
3.9 Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter

The example given in Figure 3-15 assumes a static or constant phase relationship between legs
(modules). In such a case, control is achieved by modulating the duty cycle. It is also possible to
dynamically change the phase value on a cycle-by-cycle basis. This feature lends itself to controlling a
class of power topologies known as phase-shifted full bridge, or zero voltage switched full bridge. Here the
controlled parameter is not duty cycle (this is kept constant at approximately 50 percent); instead it is the
phase relationship between legs. Such a system can be implemented by allocating the resources of two
PWM modules to control a single power stage, which in turn requires control of four switching elements.
Figure 3-16 shows a master/slave module combination synchronized together to control a full H-bridge. In
this case, both master and slave modules are required to switch at the same PWM frequency. The phase
is controlled by using the slave's phase register (TBPHS). The master's phase register is not used and
therefore can be initialized to zero.
Figure 3-15. Controlling a Full-H Bridge Stage (FPWM2 = FPWM1)

Ext SyncIn
(optional)
Master
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=0° VDC_bus Vout
EPWM1A
CTR=zero EPWM1B
CTR=CMPB
X EPWM1A EPWM2A
SyncOut
Slave
Phase reg SyncIn
En
Φ=Var° EPWM2A
EPWM1B EPWM2B
CTR=zero EPWM2B
CTR=CMPB
X
SyncOut
Var = Variable

Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter www.ti.com
Figure 3-16. ZVS Full-H Bridge Waveforms

Z Z Z
I I I
1200
600
200
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
Z CB CA Z CB CA Z
A A
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
EPWM1A RED
ZVS transition
ÉÉÉ
Power phase
EPWM1B
ÉÉÉ 300 Φ2=variable
FED
ZVS transition
TBPHS
=(1200−Φ2)
CB CB
ÉÉÉ A
ÉÉÉ
A
ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ
Z Z Z
CA CA
ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ

EPWM2A
ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ RED
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
ÉÉÉ
EPWM2B FED
Power phase

www.ti.com Controlling Zero Voltage Switched Full Bridge (ZVSFB) Converter
//=====================================================================
// Config
//=====================================================================
//========================
EPwm1Regs.CMPA = 600; // Set 50% fixed duty for EPWM1A
EPwm1Regs.DBFED = 50; // FED = 50 TBCLKs initially
EPwm1Regs.DBRED = 70; // RED = 70 TBCLKs initially
EPwm2Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 600; // Set 50% fixed duty EPWM2A
EPwm2Regs.TBPHS = 0; // Set Phase register to zero initially
EPwm2Regs.DBFED = 30; // FED = 30 TBCLKs initially
EPwm2Regs.DBRED = 40; // RED = 40 TBCLKs initially

//============================================================
EPwm2Regs.TBPHS = 1200-300; // Set Phase reg to 300/1200 * 360 = 90 deg
EPwm1Regs.DBFED = FED1_NewValue; // Update ZVS transition interval
EPwm1Regs.DBRED = RED1_NewValue; // Update ZVS transition interval
EPwm2Regs.DBFED = FED2_NewValue; // Update ZVS transition interval
EPwm2Regs.DBRED = RED2_NewValue; // Update ZVS transition interval

Chapter 4
Registers
This chapter includes the register layouts and bit description for the submodules.
Topic .................................................................................................. Page
4.1 Time-Base Submodule Registers ................................................ 94

4.2 Counter-Compare Submodule Registers ...................................... 97
4.3 Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers ....................................... 100
4.4 Dead-Band Submodule Registers .............................................. 104
4.5 PWM-Chopper Submodule Control Register ............................... 106
4.6 Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers .................... 108
4.7 Digital Compare Submodule Registers....................................... 113
4.8 Event-Trigger Submodule Registers .......................................... 113
4.9 Proper Interrupt Initialization Procedure..................................... 118
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Registers 93

Time-Base Submodule Registers www.ti.com
4.1 Time-Base Submodule Registers

Figure 4-1 through Figure 4-5 and Table 4-1 through Table 4-5 provide the time-base register definitions.
Figure 4-1. Time-Base Period Register (TBPRD)

15 0
TBPRD
R/W-0
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; -n = value after reset
Table 4-1. Time-Base Period Register (TBPRD) Field Descriptions

Bits Name Value Description
15-0 TBPRD 0000- These bits determine the period of the time-base counter. This sets the PWM frequency.
FFFFh
Shadowing of this register is enabled and disabled by the TBCTL[PRDLD] bit. By default this register
is shadowed.
• If TBCTL[PRDLD] = 0, then the shadow is enabled and any write or read will automatically go to
the shadow register. In this case, the active register will be loaded from the shadow register
when the time-base counter equals zero.
• If TBCTL[PRDLD] = 1, then the shadow is disabled and any write or read will go directly to the
active register, that is the register actively controlling the hardware.
• The active and shadow registers share the same memory map address.
Figure 4-2. Time-Base Phase Register (TBPHS)

15 0
TBPHS
R/W-0
Table 4-2. Time-Base Phase Register (TBPHS) Field Descriptions

15-0 TBPHS 0000-FFFF These bits set time-base counter phase of the selected ePWM relative to the time-base that is
supplying the synchronization input signal.
• If TBCTL[PHSEN] = 0, then the synchronization event is ignored and the time-base counter is
not loaded with the phase.
• If TBCTL[PHSEN] = 1, then the time-base counter (TBCTR) will be loaded with the phase
(TBPHS) when a synchronization event occurs. The synchronization event can be initiated by
the input synchronization signal (EPWMxSYNCI) or by a software forced synchronization.
Figure 4-3. Time-Base Counter Register (TBCTR)

15 0
TBCTR
R/W-0
Table 4-3. Time-Base Counter Register (TBCTR) Field Descriptions

15-0 TBCTR 0000- Reading these bits gives the current time-base counter value.
FFFF
Writing to these bits sets the current time-base counter value. The update happens as soon as the
write occurs; the write is NOT synchronized to the time-base clock (TBCLK) and the register is not
shadowed.
94 Registers SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

www.ti.com Time-Base Submodule Registers
Figure 4-4. Time-Base Control Register (TBCTL)

15 14 13 12 10 9 8
FREE, SOFT PHSDIR CLKDIV HSPCLKDIV
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0,0,1
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
HSPCLKDIV SWFSYNC SYNCOSEL PRDLD PHSEN CTRMODE
R/W-0,0,1 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-11
Table 4-4. Time-Base Control Register (TBCTL) Field Descriptions

Bit Field Value Description
15:14 FREE, SOFT Emulation Mode Bits. These bits select the behavior of the ePWM time-base counter during
emulation events:
00 Stop after the next time-base counter increment or decrement
01 Stop when counter completes a whole cycle:
• Up-count mode: stop when the time-base counter = period (TBCTR = TBPRD)
• Down-count mode: stop when the time-base counter = 0x0000 (TBCTR = 0x0000)
• Up-down-count mode: stop when the time-base counter = 0x0000 (TBCTR = 0x0000)
1X Free run
13 PHSDIR Phase Direction Bit.
This bit is only used when the time-base counter is configured in the up-down-count mode. The
PHSDIR bit indicates the direction the time-base counter (TBCTR) will count after a synchronization
event occurs and a new phase value is loaded from the phase (TBPHS) register. This is
irrespective of the direction of the counter before the synchronization event..
In the up-count and down-count modes this bit is ignored.
0 Count down after the synchronization event.
1 Count up after the synchronization event.
12:10 CLKDIV Time-base Clock Prescale Bits
These bits determine part of the time-base clock prescale value.
TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT / (HSPCLKDIV × CLKDIV)
000 /1 (default on reset)
001 /2
010 /4
011 /8
100 /16
101 /32
110 /64
111 /128

Time-Base Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Table 4-4. Time-Base Control Register (TBCTL) Field Descriptions (continued)

9:7 HSPCLKDIV High Speed Time-base Clock Prescale Bits
These bits determine part of the time-base clock prescale value.
TBCLK = SYSCLKOUT / (HSPCLKDIV × CLKDIV)
This divisor emulates the HSPCLK in the TMS320x281x system as used on the Event Manager
(EV) peripheral.
000 /1
001 /2 (default on reset)
010 /4
011 /6
100 /8
101 /10
110 /12
111 /14
6 SWFSYNC Software Forced Synchronization Pulse
0 Writing a 0 has no effect and reads always return a 0.
1 Writing a 1 forces a one-time synchronization pulse to be generated.
This event is ORed with the EPWMxSYNCI input of the ePWM module.
SWFSYNC is valid (operates) only when EPWMxSYNCI is selected by SYNCOSEL = 00.
5:4 SYNCOSEL Synchronization Output Select. These bits select the source of the EPWMxSYNCO signal.
00 EPWMxSYNC:
01 CTR = zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000)
10 CTR = CMPB : Time-base counter equal to counter-compare B (TBCTR = CMPB)
11 Disable EPWMxSYNCO signal
3 PRDLD Active Period Register Load From Shadow Register Select
0 The period register (TBPRD) is loaded from its shadow register when the time-base counter,
TBCTR, is equal to zero.
A write or read to the TBPRD register accesses the shadow register.
1 Load the TBPRD register immediately without using a shadow register.
A write or read to the TBPRD register directly accesses the active register.
2 PHSEN Counter Register Load From Phase Register Enable
0 Do not load the time-base counter (TBCTR) from the time-base phase register (TBPHS)
1 Load the time-base counter with the phase register when an EPWMxSYNCI input signal occurs or
when a software synchronization is forced by the SWFSYNC bit
1:0 CTRMODE Counter Mode
The time-base counter mode is normally configured once and not changed during normal operation.
If you change the mode of the counter, the change will take effect at the next TBCLK edge and the
current counter value shall increment or decrement from the value before the mode change.
These bits set the time-base counter mode of operation as follows:
00 Up-count mode
01 Down-count mode
10 Up-down-count mode
11 Stop-freeze counter operation (default on reset)

www.ti.com Counter-Compare Submodule Registers
Figure 4-5. Time-Base Status Register (TBSTS)
15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 3 2 1 0
Reserved CTRMAX SYNCI CTRDIR
R-0 R/W1C-0 R/W1C-0 R-1
LEGEND: R/W = Read/Write; R = Read only; R/W1C = Read/Write 1 to clear; -n = value after reset
Table 4-5. Time-Base Status Register (TBSTS) Field Descriptions

15:3 Reserved Reserved
2 CTRMAX Time-Base Counter Max Latched Status Bit
0 Reading a 0 indicates the time-base counter never reached its maximum value. Writing a 0 will
have no effect.
1 Reading a 1 on this bit indicates that the time-base counter reached the max value 0xFFFF. Writing
a 1 to this bit will clear the latched event.
1 SYNCI Input Synchronization Latched Status Bit
0 Writing a 0 will have no effect. Reading a 0 indicates no external synchronization event has
occurred.
1 Reading a 1 on this bit indicates that an external synchronization event has occurred
(EPWMxSYNCI). Writing a 1 to this bit will clear the latched event.
0 CTRDIR Time-Base Counter Direction Status Bit. At reset, the counter is frozen; therefore, this bit has no
meaning. To make this bit meaningful, you must first set the appropriate mode via
TBCTL[CTRMODE].
0 Time-Base Counter is currently counting down.
1 Time-Base Counter is currently counting up.
4.2 Counter-Compare Submodule Registers

Figure 4-6 through Figure 4-8 and Table 4-6 through Table 4-8 illustrate the counter-compare submodule
control and status registers.
Figure 4-6. Counter-Compare A Register (CMPA)

15 0
CMPA
R/W-0

Counter-Compare Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Table 4-6. Counter-Compare A Register (CMPA) Field Descriptions

Bits Name Description
15-0 CMPA The value in the active CMPA register is continuously compared to the time-base counter (TBCTR). When
the values are equal, the counter-compare module generates a "time-base counter equal to counter
compare A" event. This event is sent to the action-qualifier where it is qualified and converted it into one
or more actions. These actions can be applied to either the EPWMxA or the EPWMxB output depending
on the configuration of the AQCTLA and AQCTLB registers. The actions that can be defined in the
AQCTLA and AQCTLB registers include:
• Do nothing; the event is ignored.
• Clear: Pull the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal low
• Set: Pull the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal high
• Toggle the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal
Shadowing of this register is enabled and disabled by the CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] bit. By default this
register is shadowed.
• If CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] = 0, then the shadow is enabled and any write or read will automatically
go to the shadow register. In this case, the CMPCTL[LOADAMODE] bit field determines which event
will load the active register from the shadow register.
• Before a write, the CMPCTL[SHDWAFULL] bit can be read to determine if the shadow register is
currently full.
• If CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] = 1, then the shadow register is disabled and any write or read will go
directly to the active register, that is the register actively controlling the hardware.
• In either mode, the active and shadow registers share the same memory map address.
Figure 4-7. Counter-Compare B Register (CMPB)

15 0
CMPB
R/W-0
Table 4-7. Counter-Compare B Register (CMPB) Field Descriptions

15-0 CMPB The value in the active CMPB register is continuously compared to the time-base counter (TBCTR). When
the values are equal, the counter-compare module generates a "time-base counter equal to counter
compare B" event. This event is sent to the action-qualifier where it is qualified and converted it into one
or more actions. These actions can be applied to either the EPWMxA or the EPWMxB output depending
on the configuration of the AQCTLA and AQCTLB registers. The actions that can be defined in the
AQCTLA and AQCTLB registers include:
• Do nothing. event is ignored.
• Clear: Pull the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal low
• Set: Pull the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal high
• Toggle the EPWMxA and/or EPWMxB signal
Shadowing of this register is enabled and disabled by the CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] bit. By default this
register is shadowed.
• If CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] = 0, then the shadow is enabled and any write or read will automatically
go to the shadow register. In this case, the CMPCTL[LOADBMODE] bit field determines which event
will load the active register from the shadow register:
• Before a write, the CMPCTL[SHDWBFULL] bit can be read to determine if the shadow register is
currently full.
• If CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] = 1, then the shadow register is disabled and any write or read will go
directly to the active register, that is the register actively controlling the hardware.
• In either mode, the active and shadow registers share the same memory map address.

www.ti.com Counter-Compare Submodule Registers
Figure 4-8. Counter-Compare Control Register (CMPCTL)
15 10 9 8
Reserved SHDWBFULL SHDWAFULL
R-0 R-0 R-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved SHDWBMODE Reserved SHDWAMODE LOADBMODE LOADAMODE
R-0 R/W-0 R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-8. Counter-Compare Control Register (CMPCTL) Field Descriptions

15-10 Reserved Reserved
9 SHDWBFULL Counter-compare B (CMPB) Shadow Register Full Status Flag
This bit self clears once a load-strobe occurs.
0 CMPB shadow FIFO not full yet
1 Indicates the CMPB shadow FIFO is full; a CPU write will overwrite current shadow value.
8 SHDWAFULL Counter-compare A (CMPA) Shadow Register Full Status Flag
The flag bit is set when a 32-bit write to CMPA:CMPAHR register or a 16-bit write to CMPA
register is made. A 16-bit write to CMPAHR register will not affect the flag.
This bit self clears once a load-strobe occurs.
0 CMPA shadow FIFO not full yet
1 Indicates the CMPA shadow FIFO is full, a CPU write will overwrite the current shadow
value.
7 Reserved Reserved
6 SHDWBMODE Counter-compare B (CMPB) Register Operating Mode
0 Shadow mode. Operates as a double buffer. All writes via the CPU access the shadow
register.
1 Immediate mode. Only the active compare B register is used. All writes and reads directly
access the active register for immediate compare action.
5 Reserved Reserved
4 SHDWAMODE Counter-compare A (CMPA) Register Operating Mode
0 Shadow mode. Operates as a double buffer. All writes via the CPU access the shadow
register.
1 Immediate mode. Only the active compare register is used. All writes and reads directly
access the active register for immediate compare action
3-2 LOADBMODE Active Counter-Compare B (CMPB) Load From Shadow Select Mode
This bit has no effect in immediate mode (CMPCTL[SHDWBMODE] = 1).
00 Load on CTR = Zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000)
01 Load on CTR = PRD: Time-base counter equal to period (TBCTR = TBPRD)
10 Load on either CTR = Zero or CTR = PRD
11 Freeze (no loads possible)
1-0 LOADAMODE Active Counter-Compare A (CMPA) Load From Shadow Select Mode.
This bit has no effect in immediate mode (CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] = 1).
00 Load on CTR = Zero: Time-base counter equal to zero (TBCTR = 0x0000)
01 Load on CTR = PRD: Time-base counter equal to period (TBCTR = TBPRD)
10 Load on either CTR = Zero or CTR = PRD
11 Freeze (no loads possible)

Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Figure 4-9. Compare A High Resolution Register (CMPAHR)

15 8
CMPAHR
R/W-0
7 0
Reserved
R-0
Table 4-9. Compare A High Resolution Register (CMPAHR) Field Descriptions

15-8 CMPAHR 00-FFh These 8-bits contain the high-resolution portion (least significant 8-bits) of the counter-compare A
value. CMPA:CMPAHR can be accessed in a single 32-bit read/write.
Shadowing is enabled and disabled by the CMPCTL[SHDWAMODE] bit as described for the CMPA
register.
7-0 Reserved Reserved for TI Test
4.3 Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers

Figure 4-10 through Figure 4-13 and Table 4-10 through Table 4-13 provide the action-qualifier submodule
register definitions.
Figure 4-10. Action-Qualifier Output A Control Register (AQCTLA)

15 12 11 10 9 8
Reserved CBD CBU
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CAD CAU PRD ZRO
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-10. Action-Qualifier Output A Control Register (AQCTLA) Field Descriptions

11-10 CBD Action when the time-base counter equals the active CMPB register and the counter is
decrementing.
00 Do nothing (action disabled)
01 Clear: force EPWMxA output low.
10 Set: force EPWMxA output high.
11 Toggle EPWMxA output: low output signal will be forced high, and a high signal will be forced low.
9-8 CBU Action when the counter equals the active CMPB register and the counter is incrementing.

www.ti.com Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers
Table 4-10. Action-Qualifier Output A Control Register (AQCTLA) Field Descriptions (continued)
7-6 CAD Action when the counter equals the active CMPA register and the counter is decrementing.
5-4 CAU Action when the counter equals the active CMPA register and the counter is incrementing.
3-2 PRD Action when the counter equals the period.
Note: By definition, in count up-down mode when the counter equals period the direction is defined
as 0 or counting down.
1-0 ZRO Action when counter equals zero.
Note: By definition, in count up-down mode when the counter equals 0 the direction is defined as 1
or counting up.
Figure 4-11. Action-Qualifier Output B Control Register (AQCTLB)

15 12 11 10 9 8
Reserved CBD CBU
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CAD CAU PRD ZRO
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-11. Action-Qualifier Output B Control Register (AQCTLB) Field Descriptions

15-12 Reserved
11-10 CBD Action when the counter equals the active CMPB register and the counter is decrementing.
01 Clear: force EPWMxB output low.
10 Set: force EPWMxB output high.
11 Toggle EPWMxB output: low output signal will be forced high, and a high signal will be forced low.

Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Table 4-11. Action-Qualifier Output B Control Register (AQCTLB) Field Descriptions (continued)
9-8 CBU Action when the counter equals the active CMPB register and the counter is incrementing.
7-6 CAD Action when the counter equals the active CMPA register and the counter is decrementing.
5-4 CAU Action when the counter equals the active CMPA register and the counter is incrementing.
3-2 PRD Action when the counter equals the period.
Note: By definition, in count up-down mode when the counter equals period the direction is defined
as 0 or counting down.
1-0 ZRO Action when counter equals zero.
Note: By definition, in count up-down mode when the counter equals 0 the direction is defined as 1
or counting up.
Figure 4-12. Action-Qualifier Software Force Register (AQSFRC)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RLDCSF OTSFB ACTSFB OTSFA ACTSFA
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0

www.ti.com Action-Qualifier Submodule Registers
Table 4-12. Action-Qualifier Software Force Register (AQSFRC) Field Descriptions
15:8 Reserved
7:6 RLDCSF AQCSFRC Active Register Reload From Shadow Options
00 Load on event counter equals zero
01 Load on event counter equals period
10 Load on event counter equals zero or counter equals period
11 Load immediately (the active register is directly accessed by the CPU and is not loaded from the
shadow register).
5 OTSFB One-Time Software Forced Event on Output B
0 Writing a 0 (zero) has no effect. Always reads back a 0
This bit is auto cleared once a write to this register is complete, i.e., a forced event is initiated.)
This is a one-shot forced event. It can be overridden by another subsequent event on output B.
1 Initiates a single s/w forced event
4:3 ACTSFB Action when One-Time Software Force B Is invoked
00 Does nothing (action disabled)
01 Clear (low)
10 Set (high)
11 Toggle (Low -> High, High -> Low)
Note: This action is not qualified by counter direction (CNT_dir)
2 OTSFA One-Time Software Forced Event on Output A
0 Writing a 0 (zero) has no effect. Always reads back a 0.
This bit is auto cleared once a write to this register is complete ( i.e., a forced event is initiated).
1 Initiates a single software forced event
1:0 ACTSFA Action When One-Time Software Force A Is Invoked
00 Does nothing (action disabled)
01 Clear (low)
10 Set (high)
11 Toggle (Low → High, High → Low)
Note: This action is not qualified by counter direction (CNT_dir)
Figure 4-13. Action-Qualifier Continuous Software Force Register (AQCSFRC)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved CSFB CSFA
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-13. Action-qualifier Continuous Software Force Register (AQCSFRC) Field Descriptions

Dead-Band Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Table 4-13. Action-qualifier Continuous Software Force Register (AQCSFRC) Field Descriptions
(continued)
3-2 CSFB Continuous Software Force on Output B
In immediate mode, a continuous force takes effect on the next TBCLK edge.
In shadow mode, a continuous force takes effect on the next TBCLK edge after a shadow load into
the active register. To configure shadow mode, use AQSFRC[RLDCSF].
00 Forcing disabled, i.e., has no effect
01 Forces a continuous low on output B
10 Forces a continuous high on output B
11 Software forcing is disabled and has no effect
1-0 CSFA Continuous Software Force on Output A
In immediate mode, a continuous force takes effect on the next TBCLK edge.
In shadow mode, a continuous force takes effect on the next TBCLK edge after a shadow load into
the active register.
00 Forcing disabled, i.e., has no effect
01 Forces a continuous low on output A
10 Forces a continuous high on output A
11 Software forcing is disabled and has no effect
4.4 Dead-Band Submodule Registers

Figure 4-14 through Figure 4-16 and Table 4-14 through Table 4-16 provide the register definitions.
Figure 4-14. Dead-Band Generator Control Register (DBCTL)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved IN_MODE POLSEL OUT_MODE
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0

www.ti.com Dead-Band Submodule Registers
Table 4-14. Dead-Band Generator Control Register (DBCTL) Field Descriptions

5-4 IN_MODE Dead Band Input Mode Control
Bit 5 controls the S5 switch and bit 4 controls the S4 switch shown in Figure 2-28.
This allows you to select the input source to the falling-edge and rising-edge delay.
To produce classical dead-band waveforms the default is EPWMxA In is the source for both
falling and rising-edge delays.
00 EPWMxA In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for both falling-edge and rising-edge
delay.
01 EPWMxB In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for rising-edge delayed signal.
EPWMxA In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for falling-edge delayed signal.
10 EPWMxA In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for rising-edge delayed signal.
EPWMxB In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for falling-edge delayed signal.
11 EPWMxB In (from the action-qualifier) is the source for both rising-edge delay and
falling-edge delayed signal.
3-2 POLSEL Polarity Select Control
This allows you to selectively invert one of the delayed signals before it is sent out of the
dead-band submodule.
The following descriptions correspond to classical upper/lower switch control as found in one
leg of a digital motor control inverter.
These assume that DBCTL[OUT_MODE] = 1,1 and DBCTL[IN_MODE] = 0,0. Other
enhanced modes are also possible, but not regarded as typical usage modes.
00 Active high (AH) mode. Neither EPWMxA nor EPWMxB is inverted (default).
01 Active low complementary (ALC) mode. EPWMxA is inverted.
10 Active high complementary (AHC). EPWMxB is inverted.
11 Active low (AL) mode. Both EPWMxA and EPWMxB are inverted.
1-0 OUT_MODE Dead-band Output Mode Control
This allows you to selectively enable or bypass the dead-band generation for the falling-edge
and rising-edge delay.
00 Dead-band generation is bypassed for both output signals. In this mode, both the EPWMxA
and EPWMxB output signals from the action-qualifier are passed directly to the PWM-chopper
submodule.
In this mode, the POLSEL and IN_MODE bits have no effect.
01 Disable rising-edge delay. The EPWMxA signal from the action-qualifier is passed straight
through to the EPWMxA input of the PWM-chopper submodule.
The falling-edge delayed signal is seen on output EPWMxB. The input signal for the delay is
determined by DBCTL[IN_MODE].
10 The rising-edge delayed signal is seen on output EPWMxA. The input signal for the delay is
determined by DBCTL[IN_MODE].
Disable falling-edge delay. The EPWMxB signal from the action-qualifier is passed straight
through to the EPWMxB input of the PWM-chopper submodule.
11 Dead-band is fully enabled for both rising-edge delay on output EPWMxA and falling-edge
delay on output EPWMxB. The input signal for the delay is determined by DBCTL[IN_MODE].

PWM-Chopper Submodule Control Register www.ti.com
Figure 4-15. Dead-Band Generator Rising Edge Delay Register (DBRED)

15 10 9 8
Reserved DEL
R-0 R/W-0
7 0
DEL
R/W-0
Table 4-15. Dead-Band Generator Rising Edge Delay Register (DBRED) Field Descriptions
9-0 DEL Rising Edge Delay Count. 10-bit counter.
Figure 4-16. Dead-Band Generator Falling Edge Delay Register (DBFED)

15 10 9 8
Reserved DEL
R-0 R/W-0
7 0
DEL
R/W-0
Table 4-16. Dead-Band Generator Falling Edge Delay Register (DBFED) Field Descriptions
9-0 DEL Falling Edge Delay Count. 10-bit counter
4.5 PWM-Chopper Submodule Control Register

Figure 4-17 and Table 4-17 provide the definitions for the PWM-chopper submodule control register.
Figure 4-17. PWM-Chopper Control Register (PCCTL)

15 11 10 8
Reserved CHPDUTY
R-0 R/W-0
7 5 4 1 0
CHPFREQ OSHTWTH CHPEN
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0

www.ti.com PWM-Chopper Submodule Control Register
Table 4-17. PWM-Chopper Control Register (PCCTL) Bit Descriptions

10-8 CHPDUTY Chopping Clock Duty Cycle
000 Duty = 1/8 (12.5%)
001 Duty = 2/8 (25.0%)
010 Duty = 3/8 (37.5%)
011 Duty = 4/8 (50.0%)
100 Duty = 5/8 (62.5%)
101 Duty = 6/8 (75.0%)
110 Duty = 7/8 (87.5%)
111 Reserved
7:5 CHPFREQ Chopping Clock Frequency
000 Divide by 1 (no prescale, = 12.5 MHz at 100 MHz SYSCLKOUT)
001 Divide by 2 (6.25 MHz at 100 MHz SYSCLKOUT)
4:1 OSHTWTH One-Shot Pulse Width
0000 1 x SYSCLKOUT / 8 wide ( = 80 nS at 100 MHz SYSCLKOUT)
0 CHPEN PWM-chopping Enable
0 Disable (bypass) PWM chopping function
1 Enable chopping function

Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers www.ti.com
4.6 Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers
Figure 4-18. Trip-Zone Select Register (TZSEL)

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
Reserved OSHT6 OSHT5 OSHT4 OSHT3 OSHT2 OSHT1
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved CBC6 CBC5 CBC4 CBC3 CBC2 CBC1
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-18. Trip-Zone Submodule Select Register (TZSEL) Field Descriptions

One-Shot (OSHT) Trip-zone enable/disable. When any of the enabled pins go low, a one-shot trip event occurs for this
ePWM module. When the event occurs, the action defined in the TZCTL register (Table 4-19) is taken on the EPWMxA and
EPWMxB outputs. The one-shot trip condition remains latched until the user clears the condition via the TZCLR register
(Table 4-22).
13 OSHT6 Trip-zone 6 (TZ6) Select
0 Disable TZ6 as a one-shot trip source for this ePWM module.
1 Enable TZ6 as a one-shot trip source for this ePWM module.
0 Disable TZ5 as a one-shot trip source for this ePWM module
1 Enable TZ5 as a one-shot trip source for this ePWM module
Cycle-by-Cycle (CBC) Trip-zone enable/disable. When any of the enabled pins go low, a cycle-by-cycle trip event occurs
for this ePWM module. When the event occurs, the action defined in the TZCTL register (Table 4-19) is taken on the
EPWMxA and EPWMxB outputs. A cycle-by-cycle trip condition is automatically cleared when the time-base counter
reaches zero.
5 CBC6 Trip-zone 6 (TZ6) Select
0 Disable TZ6 as a CBC trip source for this ePWM module
1 Enable TZ6 as a CBC trip source for this ePWM module

www.ti.com Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers
Table 4-18. Trip-Zone Submodule Select Register (TZSEL) Field Descriptions (continued)
Figure 4-19. Trip-Zone Control Register (TZCTL)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved TZB TZA
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-19. Trip-Zone Control Register (TZCTL) Field Descriptions

15–4 Reserved Reserved
3–2 TZB When a trip event occurs the following action is taken on output EPWMxB. Which trip-zone pins
can cause an event is defined in the TZSEL register.
00 High impedance (EPWMxB = High-impedance state)
01 Force EPWMxB to a high state
10 Force EPWMxB to a low state
11 Do nothing, no action is taken on EPWMxB.
1–0 TZA When a trip event occurs the following action is taken on output EPWMxA. Which trip-zone pins
can cause an event is defined in the TZSEL register.
00 High impedance (EPWMxA = High-impedance state)
01 Force EPWMxA to a high state
10 Force EPWMxA to a low state
11 Do nothing, no action is taken on EPWMxA.

Figure 4-20. Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register (TZEINT)
15 8
Reserved
R -0
7 3 2 1 0
Reserved OST CBC Reserved
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R-0
Table 4-20. Trip-Zone Enable Interrupt Register (TZEINT) Field Descriptions

2 OST Trip-zone One-Shot Interrupt Enable
0 Disable one-shot interrupt generation
1 Enable Interrupt generation; a one-shot trip event will cause a EPWMx_TZINT PIE interrupt.
1 CBC Trip-zone Cycle-by-Cycle Interrupt Enable
0 Disable cycle-by-cycle interrupt generation.
1 Enable interrupt generation; a cycle-by-cycle trip event will cause an EPWMx_TZINT PIE
interrupt.
0 Reserved Reserved
Figure 4-21. Trip-Zone Flag Register (TZFLG)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 3 2 1 0
Reserved OST CBC INT
R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0
Table 4-21. Trip-Zone Flag Register (TZFLG) Field Descriptions

2 OST Latched Status Flag for A One-Shot Trip Event
0 No one-shot trip event has occurred.
1 Indicates a trip event has occurred on a pin selected as a one-shot trip source.
This bit is cleared by writing the appropriate value to the TZCLR register.

www.ti.com Trip-Zone Submodule Control and Status Registers
Table 4-21. Trip-Zone Flag Register (TZFLG) Field Descriptions (continued)

1 CBC Latched Status Flag for Cycle-By-Cycle Trip Event
0 No cycle-by-cycle trip event has occurred.
1 Indicates a trip event has occurred on a pin selected as a cycle-by-cycle trip source. The
TZFLG[CBC] bit will remain set until it is manually cleared by the user. If the cycle-by-cycle trip
event is still present when the CBC bit is cleared, then CBC will be immediately set again. The
specified condition on the pins is automatically cleared when the ePWM time-base counter
reaches zero (TBCTR = 0x0000) if the trip condition is no longer present. The condition on the
pins is only cleared when the TBCTR = 0x0000 no matter where in the cycle the CBC flag is
cleared.
This bit is cleared by writing the appropriate value to the TZCLR register.
0 INT Latched Trip Interrupt Status Flag
0 Indicates no interrupt has been generated.
1 Indicates an EPWMx_TZINT PIE interrupt was generated because of a trip condition.
No further EPWMx_TZINT PIE interrupts will be generated until this flag is cleared. If the
interrupt flag is cleared when either CBC or OST is set, then another interrupt pulse will be
generated. Clearing all flag bits will prevent further interrupts.
This bit is cleared by writing the appropriate value to the TZCLR register (Table 4-22).
Figure 4-22. Trip-Zone Clear Register (TZCLR)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 3 2 1 0
Reserved OST CBC INT
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-22. Trip-Zone Clear Register (TZCLR) Field Descriptions

2 OST Clear Flag for One-Shot Trip (OST) Latch
0 Has no effect. Always reads back a 0.
1 Clears this Trip (set) condition.
1 CBC Clear Flag for Cycle-By-Cycle (CBC) Trip Latch
1 Clears this Trip (set) condition.
0 INT Global Interrupt Clear Flag
1 Clears the trip-interrupt flag for this ePWM module (TZFLG[INT]).
NOTE: No further EPWMx_TZINT PIE interrupts will be generated until the flag is cleared. If
the TZFLG[INT] bit is cleared and any of the other flag bits are set, then another interrupt
pulse will be generated. Clearing all flag bits will prevent further interrupts.

Figure 4-23. Trip-Zone Force Register (TZFRC)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 3 2 1 0
Reserved OST CBC Reserved
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R- 0
Table 4-23. Trip-Zone Force Register (TZFRC) Field Descriptions

2 OST Force a One-Shot Trip Event via Software
0 Writing of 0 is ignored. Always reads back a 0.
1 Forces a one-shot trip event and sets the TZFLG[OST] bit.
1 CBC Force a Cycle-by-Cycle Trip Event via Software
0 Writing of 0 is ignored. Always reads back a 0.
1 Forces a cycle-by-cycle trip event and sets the TZFLG[CBC] bit.
0 Reserved Reserved

www.ti.com Digital Compare Submodule Registers
4.7 Digital Compare Submodule Registers
4.8 Event-Trigger Submodule Registers

Figure 4-24 through Figure 4-28 and Table 4-24 through Table 4-28 describe the registers for the
event-trigger submodule.
Figure 4-24. Event-Trigger Selection Register (ETSEL)

15 14 12 11 10 8
SOCBEN SOCBSEL SOCAEN SOCASEL
R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
7 4 3 2 0
Reserved INTEN INTSEL
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0
Table 4-24. Event-Trigger Selection Register (ETSEL) Field Descriptions

15 SOCBEN Enable the ADC Start of Conversion B (EPWMxSOCB) Pulse
0 Disable EPWMxSOCB.
1 Enable EPWMxSOCB pulse.
14-12 SOCBSEL EPWMxSOCB Selection Options
These bits determine when a EPWMxSOCB pulse will be generated.
000 Reserved
001 Enable event time-base counter equal to zero. (TBCTR = 0x0000)
010 Enable event time-base counter equal to period (TBCTR = TBPRD)
011 Reserved
100 Enable event time-base counter equal to CMPA when the timer is incrementing.
101 Enable event time-base counter equal to CMPA when the timer is decrementing.
110 Enable event: time-base counter equal to CMPB when the timer is incrementing.
111 Enable event: time-base counter equal to CMPB when the timer is decrementing.
11 SOCAEN Enable the ADC Start of Conversion A (EPWMxSOCA) Pulse
0 Disable EPWMxSOCA.
1 Enable EPWMxSOCA pulse.
10-8 SOCASEL EPWMxSOCA Selection Options
These bits determine when a EPWMxSOCA pulse will be generated.
000 Reserved
011 Reserved

Event-Trigger Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Table 4-24. Event-Trigger Selection Register (ETSEL) Field Descriptions (continued)

3 INTEN Enable ePWM Interrupt (EPWMx_INT) Generation
0 Disable EPWMx_INT generation
1 Enable EPWMx_INT generation
2-0 INTSEL ePWM Interrupt (EPWMx_INT) Selection Options
000 Reserved
011 Reserved
Figure 4-25. Event-Trigger Prescale Register (ETPS)

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
SOCBCNT SOCBPRD SOCACNT SOCAPRD
R-0 R/W-0 R-0 R/W-0
7 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved INTCNT INTPRD
R-0 R-0 R/W-0
Table 4-25. Event-Trigger Prescale Register (ETPS) Field Descriptions

15-14 SOCBCNT ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion B Event (EPWMxSOCB) Counter Register
These bits indicate how many selected ETSEL[SOCBSEL] events have occurred:
00 No events have occurred.
01 1 event has occurred.
10 2 events have occurred.
13-12 SOCBPRD ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion B Event (EPWMxSOCB) Period Select
These bits determine how many selected ETSEL[SOCBSEL] events need to occur before an
EPWMxSOCB pulse is generated. To be generated, the pulse must be enabled
(ETSEL[SOCBEN] = 1). The SOCB pulse will be generated even if the status flag is set from
a previous start of conversion (ETFLG[SOCB] = 1). Once the SOCB pulse is generated, the
ETPS[SOCBCNT] bits will automatically be cleared.
00 Disable the SOCB event counter. No EPWMxSOCB pulse will be generated
01 Generate the EPWMxSOCB pulse on the first event: ETPS[SOCBCNT] = 0,1
10 Generate the EPWMxSOCB pulse on the second event: ETPS[SOCBCNT] = 1,0
11 Generate the EPWMxSOCB pulse on the third event: ETPS[SOCBCNT] = 1,1

www.ti.com Event-Trigger Submodule Registers
Table 4-25. Event-Trigger Prescale Register (ETPS) Field Descriptions (continued)

11-10 SOCACNT ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion A Event (EPWMxSOCA) Counter Register
These bits indicate how many selected ETSEL[SOCASEL] events have occurred:
9-8 SOCAPRD ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion A Event (EPWMxSOCA) Period Select
These bits determine how many selected ETSEL[SOCASEL] events need to occur before an
EPWMxSOCA pulse is generated. To be generated, the pulse must be enabled
(ETSEL[SOCAEN] = 1). The SOCA pulse will be generated even if the status flag is set from
a previous start of conversion (ETFLG[SOCA] = 1). Once the SOCA pulse is generated, the
ETPS[SOCACNT] bits will automatically be cleared.
00 Disable the SOCA event counter. No EPWMxSOCA pulse will be generated
01 Generate the EPWMxSOCA pulse on the first event: ETPS[SOCACNT] = 0,1
10 Generate the EPWMxSOCA pulse on the second event: ETPS[SOCACNT] = 1,0
11 Generate the EPWMxSOCA pulse on the third event: ETPS[SOCACNT] = 1,1
3-2 INTCNT ePWM Interrupt Event (EPWMx_INT) Counter Register
These bits indicate how many selected ETSEL[INTSEL] events have occurred. These bits are
automatically cleared when an interrupt pulse is generated. If interrupts are disabled,
ETSEL[INT] = 0 or the interrupt flag is set, ETFLG[INT] = 1, the counter will stop counting
events when it reaches the period value ETPS[INTCNT] = ETPS[INTPRD].
1-0 INTPRD ePWM Interrupt (EPWMx_INT) Period Select
These bits determine how many selected ETSEL[INTSEL] events need to occur before an
interrupt is generated. To be generated, the interrupt must be enabled (ETSEL[INT] = 1). If
the interrupt status flag is set from a previous interrupt (ETFLG[INT] = 1) then no interrupt will
be generated until the flag is cleared via the ETCLR[INT] bit. This allows for one interrupt to
be pending while another is still being serviced. Once the interrupt is generated, the
ETPS[INTCNT] bits will automatically be cleared.
Writing a INTPRD value that is the same as the current counter value will trigger an interrupt
if it is enabled and the status flag is clear.
Writing a INTPRD value that is less than the current counter value will result in an undefined
state.
If a counter event occurs at the same instant as a new zero or non-zero INTPRD value is
written, the counter is incremented.
00 Disable the interrupt event counter. No interrupt will be generated and ETFRC[INT] is
ignored.
01 Generate an interrupt on the first event INTCNT = 01 (first event)
10 Generate interrupt on ETPS[INTCNT] = 1,0 (second event)
11 Generate interrupt on ETPS[INTCNT] = 1,1 (third event)

Event-Trigger Submodule Registers www.ti.com
Figure 4-26. Event-Trigger Flag Register (ETFLG)
15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 4 3 2 1 0
Reserved SOCB SOCA Reserved INT
R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0
Table 4-26. Event-Trigger Flag Register (ETFLG) Field Descriptions

3 SOCB Latched ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion B (EPWMxSOCB) Status Flag
0 Indicates no EPWMxSOCB event occurred
1 Indicates that a start of conversion pulse was generated on EPWMxSOCB. The
EPWMxSOCB output will continue to be generated even if the flag bit is set.
2 SOCA Latched ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion A (EPWMxSOCA) Status Flag
Unlike the ETFLG[INT] flag, the EPWMxSOCA output will continue to pulse even if the flag bit
is set.
0 Indicates no event occurred
1 Indicates that a start of conversion pulse was generated on EPWMxSOCA. The
EPWMxSOCA output will continue to be generated even if the flag bit is set.
1 Reserved Reserved
0 INT Latched ePWM Interrupt (EPWMx_INT) Status Flag
0 Indicates no event occurred
1 Indicates that an ePWMx interrupt (EWPMx_INT) was generated. No further interrupts will be
generated until the flag bit is cleared. Up to one interrupt can be pending while the
ETFLG[INT] bit is still set. If an interrupt is pending, it will not be generated until after the
ETFLG[INT] bit is cleared. Refer to Figure 2-41.
Figure 4-27. Event-Trigger Clear Register (ETCLR)

15 8
Reserved
R=0
7 4 3 2 1 0
R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R-0 R/W-0
Table 4-27. Event-Trigger Clear Register (ETCLR) Field Descriptions

3 SOCB ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion B (EPWMxSOCB) Flag Clear Bit
0 Writing a 0 has no effect. Always reads back a 0
1 Clears the ETFLG[SOCB] flag bit
2 SOCA ePWM ADC Start-of-Conversion A (EPWMxSOCA) Flag Clear Bit

www.ti.com Event-Trigger Submodule Registers
Table 4-27. Event-Trigger Clear Register (ETCLR) Field Descriptions (continued)

1 Clears the ETFLG[SOCA] flag bit
1 Reserved Reserved
0 INT ePWM Interrupt (EPWMx_INT) Flag Clear Bit
1 Clears the ETFLG[INT] flag bit and enable further interrupts pulses to be generated

Proper Interrupt Initialization Procedure www.ti.com
4.9 Proper Interrupt Initialization Procedure

When the ePWM peripheral clock is enabled it may be possible that interrupt flags may be set due to
spurious events due to the ePWM registers not being properly initialized. The proper procedure for
initializing the ePWM peripheral is as follows:
1. Disable Global Interrupts (CPU INTM flag)
2. Disable ePWM Interrupts
3. Initialize Peripheral Registers
4. Clear Any Spurious ePWM Flags (including PIEIFR)
5. Enable ePWM Interrupts
6. Enable Global Interrupts
Figure 4-28. Event-Trigger Force Register (ETFRC)

15 8
Reserved
R-0
7 4 3 2 1 0
R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0 R-0
Table 4-28. Event-Trigger Force Register (ETFRC) Field Descriptions

3 SOCB SOCB Force Bit. The SOCB pulse will only be generated if the event is enabled in the
ETSEL register. The ETFLG[SOCB] flag bit will be set regardless.
1 Generates a pulse on EPWMxSOCB and sets the SOCBFLG bit. This bit is used for test
purposes.
2 SOCA SOCA Force Bit. The SOCA pulse will only be generated if the event is enabled in the
ETSEL register. The ETFLG[SOCA] flag bit will be set regardless.
0 Writing 0 to this bit will be ignored. Always reads back a 0.
1 Generates a pulse on EPWMxSOCA and set the SOCAFLG bit. This bit is used for test
purposes.
1 Reserved 0 Reserved
0 INT INT Force Bit. The interrupt will only be generated if the event is enabled in the ETSEL
register. The INT flag bit will be set regardless.
0 Writing 0 to this bit will be ignored. Always reads back a 0.
1 Generates an interrupt on EPWMxINT and set the INT flag bit. This bit is used for test
purposes.

Appendix A
Revision History
This document was revised to SPRU791E from SPRU791D. The scope of the revision was limited to
technical changes as shown in Table A-1.
Table A-1. Changes for Revision E

Location Modifications, Additions, and Deletions
Global Corrected register name from TBCNT to TBCTR
Figure 2-32 Modified the Simple PWM-chopper Submodule Waveform
Example 2-7, Corrected the assignment of CTRMODE.
Example 2-6,
Example 2-5,
Example 2-4,
Example 2-3,
Example 2-2
SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Revision History 119

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TMS320x280x, 2801x, 2804x Enhanced Pulse

Width Modulator (ePWM) Module

Literature Number: SPRU791E

2 ePWM Submodules ................................................................................................... 19

3 Applications to Power Topologies .............................................................................. 69

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Contents 3

3.1 Overview of Multiple Modules ............................................................................................ 70

A Revision History ..................................................................................................... 119

4 Contents SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 List of Figures 5

2-43 Event-Trigger SOCB Pulse Generator .................................................................................. 68

6 List of Figures SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 List of Tables 7

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SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Read This First 9

10 Read This First SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Read This First 11

Topic .................................................................................................. Page

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Introduction 13

1.2 Submodule Overview

14 Introduction SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

Figure 1-1. Multiple ePWM Modules

PIE EPWM2SOC GPIO

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Introduction 15

Figure 1-2. Submodules and Signal Connections for an ePWM Module

EPWMxTZINT Action-qualifier (AQ) module

Peripheral bus Trip-zone (TZ) module

16 Introduction SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

Figure 1-3. ePWM Submodules and Critical Internal Signal Interconnects

1.3 Register Mapping

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 Introduction 17

18 Introduction SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

Topic .................................................................................................. Page

2.1 Overview .................................................................................. 20

SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008 ePWM Submodules 19

Table 2-1. Submodule Configuration Parameters

20 ePWM Submodules SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

Table 2-1. Submodule Configuration Parameters (continued)

// TBCTL (Time-Base Control)

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Example 2-1. Constant Definitions Used in the Code Examples (continued)

22 ePWM Submodules SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

2.2 Time-Base (TB) Submodule

Figure 2-1. Time-Base Submodule Block Diagram

Dead PWM- Trip

2.2.1 Purpose of the Time-Base Submodule

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2.2.2 Controlling and Monitoring the Time-base Submodule

Table 2-2. Time-Base Submodule Registers

Figure 2-2. Time-Base Submodule Signals and Registers

CTR = Zero Reset

SYSCLKOUT Clock TBCLK

24 ePWM Submodules SPRU791E – November 2004 – Revised October 2008

Table 2-3. Key Time-Base Signals

2.2.3 Calculating PWM Period and Frequency

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Figure 2-3. Time-Base Frequency and Period

For Up Count and Down Count