01.

Two simply supported beams are made up of the same material and are of the same cross
section. Both beams carry uniformly distributed loads of equal intensities. One beam is 2 m
long and the other is 4 m long. The 2 m long beam shows a central deflection of 1 mm. What
is the central deflection of the 4 m long beam?
(a) 16 mm (b) 2 mm (c) 8 mm (d) 1 mm

02. A simply supported beam is subjected to a couple at a section within its span. It will
produce
1. SF diagram of zero magnitude.
2. Uniformly varying triangular BM diagram.
3. Sudden change in sign of BM at the point of application of the couple.
4. Equal and opposite reactions at supports.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4

03. If the deflection at the free end of a uniformly loaded cantilever beam is 15 mm and the
slope of the deflection curve at the free end is 0.02 radians, then the length of the beam is
(a) 0.8 m (b) 1.0 m (c) 1.2 m (d) 1.5 m

04. A beam of overall length l, with equal overhangs on both sides, carries a uniformly
distributed load over the entire length. To have numerically equal bending moments at the
centre of the beam and at its supports, the distance between the supports should be
(a) 0.277 l (b) 0.403l (c) 0.586l (d) 0.707 l

05. The bending moment diagram of a beam is shown in figure.

The shear force diagram of the beam is represented by

a.

b.
 c.

d.

06. A solid shaft transmits 150 kW at a shear stress of 70 MPa running at a frequency of 3
Hz. What will be the shear stress when the frequency is 1.5 Hz?
(a) 35 MPa (b) 50 MPa (c) 57 MPa (d) 140 MPa

07. Which one of the following Mohr’s Circles represents the state of pure shear?

a.

b.
c.

d.

08. A specimen is subjected to a pure shear stress regime of intensity τ. The resulting tensile
and compressive stresses σ, which occur on planes inclined at 45o to the direction of the shear
stresses, would be
(a) τ (b) τ/2 (c) √ τ (d) τ/√ 2

09. For a given elastic material, the Elastic Modulus E is 210 GPa and its Poisson’s Ratio is
0.27. What is the approximate value of its Modulus of Rigidity?
(a) 105 GPa (b) 83 GPa (c) 159 GPa (d) 165 GPa

10. A mild steel bar is subjected to an axial force P, resulting in an axial stress σX = 100
N/mm2. What would be the normal stress σn on a plane n-n making an angle θ = 45 o with its
axis?
(a) 25 N/mm2 (b) 40 N/mm2 (c) 50 N/mm2 (d) 100 N/mm2
11. The state of stress on an element in plane stress is shown as in the figure.

What is the value of σ if the values of the principal stresses are 164 N /mm2 and 36 N/mm2,
both tensile?
(a) 100 N/mm2 (b) 75 N/mm2 (c) 62.5 N/mm2 (d) 50 N/mm2
12. Lead, as a material used in construction, has E = 15GPa and K = 50GPa. What is its
Poisson’s Ratio?
(a) 0.225 (b) 0.30 (c) 0.40 (d) 0.45

13. For a block with Young’s Modulus of its material being 210 GPa and its Poisson’s Ratio
being 0.25, when subjected to a stress system as shown in the figure, what is the magnitude of
the stress σ for no strain along AB?

(a) 30 N/mm2 (b) 60 N/mm2 (c) 120 N/mm2 (d) 240 N/mm2
14. Two planks each of 50 mm x 50 mm section are glued together along the length to form a
section 50 mm x 100 mm; and used as a beam. If the shear force at a section is 1000 N, what
is the maximum shear on the glue?
(a) 0.15 MPa (b) 0.3 MPa (c) 0.6 MPa (d) 2.4 MPa
15. The state of stress at a point in 2-D stress system is characterized by direct stresses of 40
MPa compressive and 80 MPa tensile, on mutually perpendicular planes. Shear stress is
absent on these planes. The maximum shear stress at this point (along a duly identified plane)
is
(a) 20 MPa (b) 40 MPa (c) 60 MPa (d) 80 MPa

16. Consider following of two statements, one labelled as the ‘Statement (I)’ and the other as
‘Statement (II)’.
Statement (I): The failure surface of an axially loaded mild steel tension specimen of
circular cross-section is along a plane at 45o to the axis of the specimen.
Statement (II): The failure occurs on a plane of the specimen subjected to maximum shear
stress and mild steel is relatively weak in shear.
You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answer to these items using
the codes given below:
(a) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are individually true and Statement (II) is the
correct explanation of Statement (I)
(b) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are individually true but statement (II) is not the
correct explanation of statement (I)
(c) Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false
(d) Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true

17. The biaxial stress system in an element is shown in the figure. Which of the following
will give the normal stress in N/mm 2 in the plane BD making an angle of 45 o with the plane
BA?

(a) 25 (b) 20 (c) 15 (d) 10

18. A cylindrical pressure vessel is 1200 mm in diameter. It is made of rolled mild steel plate.
The vessel is subjected to an internal pressure of 2 N/mm 2. If the material yields at 200
N/mm2, what should be the minimum safe thickness of the plate, based on Maximum
Principal Stress Theory?
(a) 18 mm (b) 15 mm (c) 12 mm (d) 9 mm
19. A simply supported beam of length 4 m is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 2
kN/m. What is the maximum shear stress if the cross-section is rectangular, 100 mm wide
and 200 mm deep?
(a) 0.2 N/mm2 (b) 0.1 N/mm2 (c) 0.4 N/mm2 (d) 0.3 N/mm2
20. A mild steel structural section is an unsymmetrical I-section, with the greater width at the
top and the smaller width at the bottom. The overall depth of the beam is 300 mm, and the
flange stresses at the top and the bottom of the beam are 150 N/mm 2 and 50 N/mm2,
respectively. What is the height of the neutral axis of the beam from its bottom?
(a) 125 mm (b) 100 mm (c) 75 mm (d) 50 mm

21. A circular shaft of diameter ‘D’ is made of a material for which Young’s Modulus of
Elasticity is ‘E’ and Poisson’s Ratio is ‘μ’. The ratio of flexural rigidity to torsional rigidity
for the shaft is
(a) 4 (1 + μ) (b) 1.5 (1 – 2 μ) (c) (1 + μ) (d) 0.25 ( 1 + μ)

22. A closely coiled helical spring of round steel wire 5 mm in diameter having 12 complete
coils of 50 mm mean diameter is subjected to an axial load of 100 N. Modulus of Rigidity of
the spring is 80 kN/mm2 What is the defection of the spring?
(a) 12 mm (b) 24 mm (c) 36 mm (d) 48 mm

23. A beam of square cross-section is placed such that its neutral axis coincides with its
diagonal, and it is subjected to a shear force F. What is the ratio of the maximum shear stress
to the shear stress at the neutral axis?
(a) 9/8 (b) 8/9 (c) 7/8 (d) 8/7

24. The intensity of u.d.l. which, when it acts over the entire span of 1 m of a cantilever beam
of rectangular cross-section of width 100 mm and depth 200 mm, would produce a maximum
shear stress of 1.5 N/mm2, is
(a) 20 kN/m (b) 30 kN/m (c) 26.6 kN/m (d) 36.6 kN/m

25. A solid conical bar of circular cross-section is suspended vertically as shown in the
figure. The diameter of the bar at the base, D, equals 100 mm and its length, L, is 0.5 m. If E
= 200 GN/m2 and its weight per unit volume is 80 kN/m 3, the elongation of the bar in mm
under self-weight is
 (a) 1.50 x 10–6 (b) 1.67 x 10–5 (c) 1.71 x 10–6 (d) 1.87 x 10–6

26. Two closely coiled helical springs A and B are equal in all respects but for the number of
turns, with A having just half the number of turns of that of B. What is the ratio of deflections
in terms of spring A to spring B?
(a) 1/ 8 (b) 1/4 (c) 1/2 (d) 2/1

27. What is the diameter d of a solid circular shaft when subjected to a torque T with a
corresponding maximum shear stress of magnitude fs?

(a)16T/(fs) (b) fs /16T) (c) √(16T/fs) (d) 3√(16T/fs)

28. A cubical element of a structural part made of mild steel is subjected to a tri-axial
compressive stress as shown in the figure. The vertical compressive stress is σ1. The Modulus
of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio are E and μ, respectively. What should be the uniform
lateral pressure σ2 in terms of σ1 and μ, so that lateral strain is prevented?

μ μ μ 1+ μ
(a) σ (b) σ (c) σ (d) σ
1−μ 1 ( 1−μ ) (1+ μ) 1 1+ μ 1 1−μ 1

29. A metal shaft of solid circular section rotates at 160 rpm and is subjected to a torque of
1500 Nm. What is the power, in kW transmitted by the shaft?
(a) 32π (b) 16π (c) 12π (d) 8π

30. What is the power transmitted by a 100 mm diameter solid shaft at 150 rpm without
exceeding a maximum stress of 60 N/mm2? Take π2 = 10.
(a) 187. 5 kW (b) 18.75 kW (c) 1.875 kW (d) 1875 kW

31. What is the Polar Modulus of a solid circular metal shaft of diameter 8 cm?
(a) 64 cm3 (b) 32 cm3 (c) 16 cm3 (d) 8 cm3

32. A hollow circular shaft has the diameters 50 cm and 30 cm and is subjected to a torque. If
the realized maximum shear stress is 30 N/mm2, what is the applied torque to nearest units?
(a) 160 Nm (b) 320 Nm (c) 80 Nm (d) 32 Nm

33. What is the shear stress at the neutral axis in a beam of isosceles triangular section with a
base of 40 mm and height 20 mm subjected to shear force of 3 kN?
(a) 3 MPa (b) 6 MPa (c) 10 MPa (d) 20 MPa

****************15***************************
34. If the Poisson’s ratio for a material is 0.5, then the elastic modulus for the material is
(a) three times its shear modulus (b) four times its shear modulus
(c) equal to its shear modulus (d) not determinable

35. A metal bar of 10 mm diameter when subjected to a pull of 23.5 kN gave an elongation of
0.3 mm on a gauge length of 200 mm. The Young’s modulus of elasticity of the metal will
nearly be
(a) 200 kN/mm2 (b) 300 kN/ mm2 (c) 360 kN/ mm2 (d) 400 kN/ mm2
36. A steel rod, 2 m in length, 40 mm in diameter, is subjected to a pull of 70 kN as shown in
the figure.

To what length should the bar be bored centrally from one end so that total extension will
increase by 20% under the same force (the bore diameter is 25 mm and E is 2 × 105 N/ mm2)?
(a) 0.46m (b) 0.55m (c) 0.87m (d) 0.62m

37. A member ABCD is subjected to a force system as shown in the figure. The resistive
force in the part BC is

(a) 365 (compressive) (b) 450 (tensile)

(c) 85 (compressive) (d) 320 (compressive)
38. Consider the following statements : If the planes at right angles carry only shear stress of
magnitude q in a certain instance, then the
1. diameter of Mohr’s circle would be equal to 2q.
2. centre of Mohr’s circle would lie at the origin
3. principal stresses are unlike and are of magnitude q each
4. angle between the principal plane and the plane of maximum shear would be 45°
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
39. The state of two-dimensional stresses acting on a concrete lamina consists of a direct
tensile stress σx = 1.5 N/mm2 and shear stress τ = 1.20 N/mm2, when cracking of concrete is
just impending. The permissible tensile strength of the concrete is
(a) 1.50 N/ mm2 (b) 2.17 N/ mm2 (c) 2.08 N/ mm2 (d) 2.29 N/ mm2
40. Two-dimensional stress system on a block made of a material with Poisson’s ratio of 0.3
is shown in the figure

The limiting magnitude of the stress σ so as to result in no change in length AB of the block
is
(a) 60 N/ mm2 (b) 120 N/ mm2 (c) 200 N/ mm2 (d) 240 N/ mm2
41. The principal stresses at a point in a bar are 160 N/ mm 2 (tensile) and 80 N/ mm2
(compressive). The accompanying maximum shear stress intensity is
(a) 100 N/ mm2 (b) 110 N/ mm2 (c) 120 N/ mm2 (d) 140 N/ mm2
42. An element of a certain material in plane strain has εx = 800 × 10–6, εy = 400 × 10–6, γxy =
300 × 10–6. What is the maximum shearing strain?
(a) 150 × 10–6 (b) 355 × 10–6 (c) 250 × 10–6 (d) 500 × 10–6
43. Consider a circular member of diameter D subjected to a compressive load P. For a
condition of no tensile stress in the cross section, the maximum radial distance of the load
from the centre of the circle is
D D D D
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 8 12 4

44. At a point in the web of a girder, the bending and the shearing stresses are 90 N/ mm 2
(tensile) and 45 N/ mm2 respectively. The principal stresses are
(a) 108.64 N/ mm2 (tensile) and 18.64 N/mm2 (compressive)
(b) 107.60 N/ mm2 (compressive) and 18.64 N/mm2 (tensile)
(c) 108.64 N/m2 (compressive) and 18.64 N/ mm2 (tensile)
(d) 0.64 N/ mm2 (tensile) and 0.78 N/ mm2 (compressive)

45. In a two-dimensional stress system, the principal stresses are σ1= 200 N/ mm2 (tensile)
and σ2 (compressive). The yield stress in both simple tension and compression is 250 N/ mm 2,
with μ = 0.25. What will be the value of σ2 according to the maximum normal strain theory?
(a) 160 N/ mm2 (b) 100 N/ mm2 (c) 200 N/ mm2 (d) 250 N/ mm2
46. A simply supported beam has uniform cross section, b = 100 mm, d = 200 mm,
throughout its length. The beam is subjected to a maximum bending moment of 6 × 10 7 N-
mm. The corresponding bending stress developed in the beam is
(a) 30 N/ mm2 (b) 60 N/ mm2 (c) 90 N/ mm2 (d) 120 N/ mm2
47. A steel plate is bent into a circular arc of radius 10 m. If the plate section be 120 mm wide
and 20 mm thick, with E = 2 × 105 N/ mm2, then the maximum bending stress induced is
(a) 210 N/ mm2 (b) 205 N/ mm2 (c) 200 N/ mm2 (d) 195 N/ mm2

48. A fletched beam composed of two different pieces, each having breadth b and depth d,
supports an external load. This statement implies that
1. the two different material are rigidly connected
2. there will be relative movement between the two materials
3.for transforming into an equivalent single material , section under ‘strength’ considerations,
the depth is kept constant and only the breadth is varied.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

49. A solid shaft of 80 mm diameter is transmitting 100 kW of power at 200 r.p.m. The
maximum shear stress induced in the shaft will nearly be
(a) 60 N/ mm2 (b) 56 N/ mm2 (c) 52 N/ mm2 (d) 48 N/ mm2
50. The power transmitted by a 75 mm diameter shaft at 140 r.p.m., subjected to a maximum
shear stress of 60 N/mm2, is nearly
(a) 68 kW (b) 70 kW (c) 73 kW (d) 76 kW

51. A circular shaft of diameter D is subjected to a torque T. The maximum shear stress of the
shaft will be
(a) proportional to D3 (b) proportional to D4
(c) inversely proportional to D3 (d) inversely proportional to D4
52. A hollow shaft of 16 mm outside diameter and 12 mm inside diameter is subjected to a
torque of 40 N-m. The shear stresses at the outside and inside of the material of the shaft are
respectively
(a) 62.75 N/ mm2 and 50.00 N/ mm2 (b) 72.75 N/ mm2 and 54.54 N/ mm2
(c) 79.75 N/ mm2 and 59.54 N/ mm2 (d) 80.00 N/ mm2 and 40.00 N/ mm2
53. A rigid bar shown in the figure is hinged at A, is supported by a rod at B, and carries a
load W at C.

The resistive force in the rod is

(a) 0.5W (b) 1.0W (c) 1.5W (d) 2.0W

54. The symmetry of the stress tensor at a point in a body when at equilibrium is obtained
from
(a) conservation of mass (b) force equilibrium equations
(c) moment equilibrium equations (d) conservation of energy
55. An exterior hinged support in a real beam
(a) becomes an internal hinge in a conjugate beam
(b) changes to a free support in a conjugate beam
(c) changes to a fixed support in a conjugate beam
(d) remains as a hinged support in a conjugate beam

*******************************14******************************

56. A simply supported beam of span L shown in the above figure is subjected to a
concentrated load W at its midspan and also to a uniformly distributed load equivalent to W.
It has a flexural rigidity of EI. What is the total deflection at its mid-point?

5 W L3 9 W L3
(a) (b)
384 EI 384 EI

13 W L3 518 W L3
(c) (d)
384 EI 384 EI

57. The force in member BC is

P 2P P √3
(a) (b) zero (c) (d)
2√ 2 √3 2

58. Clockwise moments are applied to both the ends of a uniform simply supported beam. If
the ratio of the rotation of two ends is 2, then the ratio of the applied moments will be
5 7 5 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 5 3 2
59. A stepped circular shaft is fixed at A and C as shown in the following figure. The
diameter of the shaft along BC is twice that of as along AB. The torsional rigidity of AB is
GJ. The torque required for unit twist at B is

(a) 2GJ/L (b) 5GJ/L (c) 9GJ/L (d) 17GJ/L

60. Cosider following statements: Mid-span deflection for the beam-load system shown in the
following figure can be obtained by
1. Area-moment method
2. Energy method
3. Generalized three moment equation
4. Conjugate beam method

Now choose the correct option

(a) 1,2 and 3 only (b) 1,2 and 4 only (c) 2,3 and 4 only (d) 1,2,3 and 4

61. A frame ABCD is supported by a roller at A and is on a hinge at C as shown in the

following figure. The reaction at the roller end A is given by

(a) P (b) 2 P (c) P/2 (d) zero

62. A mild steel rod tapers uniformly from 24 mm dia. to 12 mm dia. over its length of 400
mm. The rod when held vertical is subjected to an axial tensile load of 12kN. E =2x10 5
N/mm2. The extension of the rod in mm would be
(a) 3 π/2 (b) 2/3 π (c) π /3 (d) 1/3 π

63. A mild steel bar of square cross section has a sectional area 200 mm 2. It is subjected to an
axial force of 20kN as shown in the following figure.
The intensity of the normal tensile stress in N/mm2 on the oblique plane 1-1 at 45o with the
YY-axis which is normal to the longitudinal axis will be
(a) 25 (b) 50 (c) 75 (d) 100

65. Poisson’s ratio of a material is 0.3. Then the ratio of young’s modulus to bulk modulus is
(a) 0.6 (b) 0.8 (c) 1.2 (d) 1.4

66. The relationship between Young’s Modulus E, Modulus of Rigidity C and bulk modulus
K in an elastic material is given by the relation
9 KC 3 KC 9 KC 3 KC
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3K +C 3K +C 9 K +C 9 K +C

67. Which of the following statements are correct?

1. In a ductile material elastic deformation is more predominant than plastic one.
2. Brittleness is not an absolute property of a metal.
3. Rate of loading has no influence in changing the behaviour of a metal from ‘ductile’ to
‘brittle’ at low temperatures.
4. Under hydrostatic compression, a brittle metal may change into a ductile one.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 4

68. The total deflection of a structure when subjected simultaneously to different sets of
loading is equal to the sum of the deflections under each such set of loads as if acting
separately on the structure. Which one of the following justifies this statement?
(a) Elastic limit is not exceeded
(b) Elastic limit including buckling is not exceeded.
(c) Limit state is not exceeded
(d) Proportional limit without buckling is not exceeded.

69. A rectangular bar of cross-sectional area A is subjected to an axial tensile load P. The
maximum shear stress will occur on a plane at Xo to any normal cross-section where Xo is
(a) 90o (b) 270 o (c) 180 o (d) 45 o
70. A solid circular shaft has been subjected to a pure torsion moment. The ratio of maximum
shear stress to maximum normal stress at any point would be
(a) 1:2 (b) 1:1 (c) 2:3 (d) 2:1

71. A rectangular beam of dimensions b x d is to be cut from a circular log of wood of

diameter D. For the beam to be strongest in bending, the dimensions will be
 D D D D
(a) ∧D √ 2/3 (b) ∧D √ 2/3 (c) ∧ √ 2 D/3 (d) ∧√2 D/3
√2 √3 √2 √3

72. Which of the following loads should be applied on simply supported beam, so that the
shear force is constant throughout its span?
(a) U.D.L over the entire span
(b) Two concentrated loads equally spaced in the span.
(c) A central concreted load and a U.D.L over the entire span.
(d) A couple anywhere in the span.

73. A simply supported rolled steel joist of I-section has flange width 250 mm and overall
depth 600 mm. Its moment of inertia IXX= 12x108 mm4. The steel joist is used as a beam over
a simply supported span of 6 m. It carries a load of 40 kN/m including its self weight
throughout the span. The maximum stress induced in the beam in N/mm 2 due to bending
would be
(a) 30 (b) 90 (c) 45 (d) 60

74. Which of the following terms represents the torque that produces a twist of one radian in
a shaft of unit length?
(a) Torsional stress (b) Torsional rigidity (c) Flexural rigidity (d) Moment of resistance

75. A 60 mm dia. Shaft is subjected to a torque of 6 kN-m. C = 8x10 4 N/mm2. The maximum
shear stress induced in the shaft in N/mm2 will be
8000 4 000 12000 16 000
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9π 9π 9π 9π
76. A water main 160 cm dia. contains water at a pressure head of 200 m. Take weight of
water to be 1000 kg/m3. The thickness of the metal shell required for the water main, given
that the maximum permissible stress in the metal is 400 kg/cm2, will be
(a) 1 cm (b) 2 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm

*********************** 13*************************

77. .Factor of safety is the ratio of:

(a) tensile stress to working stress (b) compressive stress to working stress
(c) bending stress to working stress (d) yield stress to working stress

78. The longitudinal strain of cylindrical bar of 25 mm diameter and 1.5 m length is found to
be 3 times its lateral strain in a tensile test. What is the value of Bulk Modulus in N/mm 2 by
assuming E = 1×105 N/mm2?
(a) 2 × 105 (b) 1.1 × 105 (c) 1 × 105 (d) 2.1 × 105
79. For an elastic material, Poisson’s ratio is μ, Modulus of Elasticity is E, Modulus of
Rigidity is C and Bulk Modulus is K. μ is expressible in terms of K and C as
6 K−2 C 6 K +2C 6 K−2 C 3 K+ 2C
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 K−2 C 3 K −2 C 6 K +2 C 6 K +2C
80. A mild steel bar of length 450 mm tapers uniformly. The diameters at the ends are 36 mm
and 18 mm, respectively. An axial load of 12kN is applied on the bar. E = 2×10 5 N/mm2. The
elongation (in mm) of the bar will be
1 1 3π 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3π 6π 2 3π

81. Which of the following statements are correct for stresses acting on mutually
perpendicular faces of a plane element?
1. The sum of the normal stresses in mutually perpendicular planes is equal to the sum of the
principal stresses.
2. The shearing stresses in two mutually perpendicular planes are equal in magnitude and
direction.
3. Maximum shear stress is half of the difference between principal stresses.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only

82. Consider the following statements:

1. Strain in the direction of applied stress is known as longitudinal strain.
2. Tensile stress results in tensile strain in linear and lateral directions.
3. Strains in all directions perpendicular to the applied stress are known as lateral strain.
4. Ratio of change in volume to original volume is known as volumetric strain.
Which of the following statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only (c) 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

83. The state of stress on an element is as shown in the figure. If E = 2×10 5 N/mm2 and
Poisson’s ratio = 0.3, the magnitude of the stress σ for no strain in BC is

(a) 84 N/mm2 (b) 64 N/mm2 (c) 34 N/mm2 (d) 24 N/mm2

84. Which one of the following represents constitutive relationship ?
(a) Vertical displacements in a structure (b) Rotational displacements in a structure
(c) System of forces in equilibrium (d) Stress-strain behavior of a material

85. A square element of a structural part is subjected to biaxial stresses as shown in the
figure. On a plane along BD, the intensity of the resultant stress due to these conditions will
be
(a) 25 √5 N/mm2 (b) 50 √5 N/mm2 (c) 75 √5 N/mm2 (d) 100 √5 N/mm2

86. A structural element is subjected to pure shear of 80 N/mm2, as shown in the figure.

The yield stresses both in tension and in compression are 240 N/mm2. According to the
maximum normal stress theory, the factors of safety in tension and compression are,
respectively
(a) 2 and 2 (b) 2.5 and 2.5 (c) 3 and 3 (d) 4 and 4

87. Principal stresses at a point are 80 N/mm2 and 40 N/mm2, both tensile. The yield stress in
simple tension for this material is 200 N/mm 2. The values of factors of safety according to
maximum principal stress theory and maximum shear stress theory, respectively, are
(a) 2.5 and 2.5 (b) 2.5 and 5 (c) 5 and 5 (d) 5 and 1.67

88. The principal stresses at a point are 2σ (tensile) and σ (compressive), and the stress at
elastic limit for the material in simple tension is 210 N/mm2. According to maximum shear
strain theory, the value of σ at failure is
(a) 70 N/mm2 (b) 105 N/mm2 (c) 140 N/mm2 (d) 210 N/mm2
89. A thin steel ruler having its cross-section of 0.0625 cm × 2.5 cm is bent by couples
applied at its ends so that its length l equal to 25 cm, when bent, as a circular arc, subtends a
central angel θ=60o. Take E = 2×106 kg/cm2. The maximum stress induced in the ruler is
(a) 2618 kg/cm2 (b) 2512 kg/cm2 (c) 2406 kg/cm2 (d) 2301 kg/cm2
90. Two similar bars of Steel and Aluminium are heated to a same temperature. Forces are
applied at the ends of the bars to maintain their lengths unaltered. If the ratio of Young’s
moduli of Steel and Aluminium is 3, and the ratio of the coefficients of thermal expansion of
Steel to that of aluminium is 0.5, what is the stress on the Aluminium bar if the stress on the
Steel bar is 100 MPa?
(a) 16.7 MPa (b) 66.7 MPa (c) 136.7 MPa (d) 150.0 MPa
91. In order that the extreme fibre stresses in bending will be in the ratio 4:3 in the beam
shown in the following figure, the width b of the upper flange (b < 10cm) of the beam section
is to be

(a) 6.1 cm (b) 6.6 cm (c) 5.1 cm (d) 5.6 cm

92. A structural steel beam has an unsymmetrical I-cross-section. The overall depth of the
beam is 200 mm. The flange stresses at the top and bottom are 120 N/mm 2 and 80 N/mm2,
respectively. The depth of the natural axis from the top of the beam will be
(a) 120 mm (b) 100 mm (c) 80 mm (d) 60 mm

93. The bending moment at A for the beam shown below (With BD being a rigid bar) is

(a) Zero (b) 12 kN-m (c) 8 kN-m (d) 6 kN-m

94. A circular shaft rotates at 200 rpm and is subject to a torque of 1500 Nm. The power
transmitted would be
(a) 10 𝞹 kW (b) 15 𝞹 kW (c) 20 𝞹 kW (d) 30 𝞹 kW

95. Torques are transmitted to the solid circular shaft as shown in the figure below. If the
corresponding permissible stress in the shaft is 60 N/mm2, the diameter of the shaft is nearly.

(a) 57.3 mm (b) 47.3 mm (c) 37.3 mm (d) 27.3 mm

96. A solid circular shaft has a diameter d. It polar modulus will be

π 2 π 3 π 3 π 2
(a) D (b) D (c) D (d) D
16 64 16 32

97. A hollow steel shaft has outside diameter d and inside diameter d/2. The value of d for the
shaft, if it has to transmit 200 hp at 105 rpm with a working shear stress of 420 kg/cm2, is
(a) 5.6 cm (b) 2.6 cm (c) 12.1 cm (d) 15.5 cm
98. A mild steel bar, 1.5 m long, has a square section 40 mm × 40 mm. The bar is subjected
to a two-dimensional stress, σx =310 N/mm2 (tensile) and σy =300 N/mm2 (compressive).
E=2×105 N/mm2, Poisson’s ratio μ = 0.3. The elongation of the bar is the direction of σx will
be
(a) 1.25 mm (b) 1.75 mm (c) 2.25 mm (d) 3 mm

99. The bending moment at A in KN-mm for the beam shown below (not to scale) is

(a) 3200 (b) 3600 (c) 4200 (d) 4800

100. In the pin-end cantilever truss shown below, member FG had been fabricated 10 mm
longer than required. How much will point E deflect vertically?

(a) 10 mm (b) 20 mm (c) 30 mm (d) 40 mm

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101. Consider the following statements:
1. When the number of members (n) and joints (j) are such that the equation n = (2j – 3) is
satisfied, the framed structure is said to be a perfect structure.
2. In a redundant frame, the number of members is less than that required for a perfect frame.
3. If, in a framed structure, the number of members provided is more than that required for a
perfect frame, it is called as deficient frame.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 only (c) 2 only (d) 3 only
102. A cantilever beam, 3m long, carries a uniformly distributed load over the entire length.
If the slope at the free end is 1°, the deflection at the free end is
(a) 49.27 mm (b) 39.27 mm (c) 30.27 mm (d) 20.27 mm

103. Consider the following statements with regards to the shear force diagram for the beam
ABECD

1. The beam is an overhanging beam having supports at A and D only.

2. The beam carries a point load of 20 kN at C.
3. The beam carries a concentrated load of 10 kN at the end B.
4. The beam is an overhanging beam having supports at C and D only.
5. The beam carries a uniformly distributed load of 70 kN over the left hand portion AC
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 5 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 2, 4 and 5 only

104. What is the stress at the section x – x for the bar ABCD with uniform cross-section
1000 mm2?

(a) 20 N/mm² (Tensile) (b) 30 N/mm² (Compressive)

(c) 80 N/mm² (Tensile) (d) 50 N/mm² (Compressive)

105. The total elongation of the structural element (fixed at one end, free at the other end,
and of varying cross-section) as shown in the figure, when subjected to load 2P at the free
end is
 Pl Pl
(a) 6.66 (b) 5.55
AE AE

Pl Pl
(c) 4.44 (d) 3.33
AE AE

106. A chain, working a crane, has sectional area of 625 mm 2 and transmits a load of 10
kN. When the load is being lowered at a uniform rate of 40 m/min, the chain gets jammed
suddenly at which time the length of the chain unwound is 10m. Assuming E = 200 GPa,
the stress induced in the chain due to this sudden jamming is
(a) 100.6 N/mm2 (b) 120.4 N/mm2 (c) 140.2 N/mm2 (d) 160.0 N/mm2

107. A simply supported beam of span L and flexural regidity EI carries a unit load at its
mid-span. The strain energy at this condition in the beam due to bending is
L3 L3
(a) (b)
48 EI 96 EI

L3 L3
(c) (d)
192 EI 16 EI

108. In mild steel specimens subjected to tensile test cycle, the elastic limit in tension is
raised and the elastic limit in compression is lowered, This is called
(a) Annealing effect (b) Bauschinger effect
(c) Strain rate effect (d) Fatigue effect

109. A solid uniform metal bar of diameter D mm and length l mm hangs vertically from
its s upper end. The density of the material is ρ N/ mm3 and its modulus of elasticity is E
N/ mm2. The total extension of the rod due to its own weight would be
ρL2 ρL
(a) (b)
2E 2E
ρL ρL2
(c) (d)
4E 4E

110. The state of stress at a certain point in a stressed body is as shown in the figure.
Normal stress in x-direction is 80 MPa (Tensile) and in y-direction is 40 MPa
(compressive). The radius of the Mohr’s circle for this state of stress will be
 (a) 60MPa (b) 40MPa
(c) 20MPa (d) 10MPa

111. For the state of stress shown in the figure, the maximum and minimum principal
stresses (taking tensile stress as +, and compressive stress as –) will be

(a) 95 MPa and (–35) MPa (b) 60 MPa and 30 MPa

(c) 95 MPa and (–30) MPa (d) 60 MPa and 35 MPa

112. Consider the following statements:

1. The shear stress distribution across the section of a circular shaft subjected to twisting
varies parabolic-ally.
2. The shear stress at the centre of a circular shaft under twisting moment is zero
3. The shear stress at the extreme fibres of a circular shaft under twisting moment is
maximum.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 only (c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 only

113. A uniform T-shaped arm of weight W, pinned about a horizontal point C, is support
by a vertical spring of stiffness K. The extension of the spring is

3W 4W
(a) (b)
4K 3K

3K 4K
(c) (d)
4W 3W

114. The span of a cantilever beam is 2m. The cross-section of the beam is a hollow
square with external sides 100 mm; and its I = 4 × 10 5 mm4. The safe bending stress for
the beam material is 100 N/mm2. The safe concentrated load at the free end would be
(a) 100 N (b) 200 N (c) 300 N (d) 400 N

115. A stepped steel shaft is subjected to a clockwise torque of 10 Nm at its free end.
Shear modulus of steel is 80 GPa. The strain energy stored in the shaft is

(a) 1.73 Nmm (b) 2.52 Nmm (c) 3.46 Nmm (d) 4.12 Nmm

116. An overhanging beam of uniform EI is loaded as shown below. The deflection at the
free end is

Wl2 Wl3
(a) (b)
81 EI 8 EI

Wl3 2 Wl3
(c) (d)
27 EI 27 EI

117. σ1 = 200 N/ mm2 , σ2 = 150 N/ mm2 , σ3 = 200 N/ mm2 , E = 210 N/ mm2 and μ = 0.3.
The volumetric strain will be
(a) 8.954 × 10–4 (b) 8.954 × 10–2 (c) 1.047 × 10–3 (d) 6.54 × 10–4
118. A mild steel bar, circular in cross-section, tapers from 40 mm diameter to 20 mm
diameter over its length of 800 mm. It is subjected to an axial pull of 20 kN. E = 2 × 10 5
N/mm2. The increase in the length of the rod will be
1 2
(a) mm (b) mm
10 π 5π

4 1
(c) mm (d) mm
5π 5π

119. The state of stress at a point in an elastic material, with yield stress of 200 MPa in
simple tension and Poisson’s ratio 0.3, is as shown in the figure
The permissible value of σ by maximum strain theory is
(a) 75 MPa (b) 100 MPa (c) 150 MPa (d) 200 MPa

120. A homogenous prismatic simply supported beam is subjected to a point load F. The
load can be placed anywhere along the span of the beam. The very maximum flexural
stress developed in the beam is
3 FL 3 FL
(a) 2 (b)
2B D 4 B D2

2 FL 2 FL
(c) 2 (d)
3B D 3 B D2
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121. A long rod of uniform rectangular section with thickness t, originally straight, is bent
into the form of a circular arch with displacement d at the mid-point of span L. The
displacement d may be regarded as small as compared to the length L. The longitudinal
surface strain is
2td 4 td 8 td 16 td
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d)
L L L L2

122. If strains on a piece of metal are εx= –120 µm/m, εy = – 30 µm/m, and γxy= 120
µm/m, what is the maximum principal strain?
(a) 0 (b) 50 µm/m (c) 75 µm/m (d) 150 µm/m

123. The state of stress at a point is given by : σ x = 80 MPa, σy = 100 MPa and τxy = 60
MPa. If the yield strength for the material is 150 MPa, as determined in a uniaxial test,
then the maximum shear stress is, nearly
(a) 150.8 MPa (b) 127.4 MPa (c) 119.3 MPa (d) 75.41 MPa
124. Principal stress at a point in an elastic material are 1.5σ (tensile), σ (tensile) and 0.5σ
(compressive). The elastic limit in tension is 210 MPa and µ = 0.3. The value of σ at
failure when computed by maximum principal strain theory is, nearly
(a) 140.5 MPa (b) 145.5 MPa (c) 150.5 MPa (d) 155.5 MPa

125. A solid shaft “A” of diameter D and length L is subjected to a torque T; another shaft
“B” of the same material and of the same length, but half the diameter, is also subjected
to the same torque T. The ratio between the angles of twist of shaft B to that of shaft A is
(a) 32 (b) 16 (c) 8 (d) 4

126. The required diameter for a solid shaft to transmit 400 kW at 150 rpm, with the
working shear stress not to exceed 80 MN/m2, is nearly
(a) 125 mm (b) 121 mm (c) 117 mm (d) 113

127. An RCC column of 4 m length is rigidly connected to the slab and to the foundation.
Its cross-section is (400 × 400) mm2. The column will behave as a
(a) Long column (b) Short column (c) Intermediate column (d) Linkage
128. The shear force diagram of a single overhanging beam is shown in figure. One
simple support is at end A. The ‘total’ downward load acting on the beam is

(a) 800 N (b) 600 N (c) 400 N (d) 200 N

129. The deformation of a vertically held bar of length L and cross-section A is due to its
selfweight only. If Young’s modulus is E and the unit weight of the bar is γ , the
elongation dL is
γ L3 E L2
(a) (b)
2E 2γ

γ L2 γ L3
(c) (d)
2E 2 AE

130. For material, the modulus of rigidity is 100 GPa and the modulus of elasticity is 250
GPa. The value of the Poisson’s ratio is
(a) 0.20 (b) 0.25 (c) 0.30 (d) 0.35
131. Two persons weighing W each are sitting on a plank of length L floating on water, at
L/4 from either end. Neglecting the weight of the plank, the bending moment at the
middle point of the plank is
(a) WL/16 (b) WL/64 (c)WL/ 8 (d) Zero

132. In the case of a rectangular beam subjected to a transverse shearing force, the ratio of
maximum shear stress to average shear stress is
(a) 0.75 (b) 1.00 (c) 1.25 (d) 1.50

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