1|Page
SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY
Assignment
On
Organizing,Leadership and Controlling
Course Title : Principles of Management
Course Code :MGT111
Section:02
Submitted To
Prof. Nargis Akhter, Ph.D.
Submitted By
Name ID
1.Fahad Hossen – Organizing Part. 2017010000003
2. Nadia Islam Mithila -Leadership Part. 2017010000042
3. Hedaetul islam nishad – Controlling Part. 2019210000011
Date of Submission:30 May 2020
2|Page
Organizing
Summary
Organizing is the function of management that involves developing
an organizational structure and allocating human resources to
ensure the accomplishment of objectives. Organizing involves
assigning tasks, grouping tasks into departments, delegating
authority, and allocating resources across the organization. During
the organizing process, managers coordinate employees, resources,
policies, and procedures to facilitate the goals identified in the plan.
organizing stage,a manager determines how best to allocate
resources to achieve the goal. rganization are generally called “job
design” decisions. According to Louis A. Allen, “Organisation is the
process of identifying and grouping of the works to be performed,
defining and delegating responsibility and authority and establishing
relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most
efficiently”
Types of organizational structure: .It also shows the
number of layers between the top and lowest managerial
levels. Organizational structure also dictates the span of control or
the number of subordinates a supervisor has.
Divisional Structure:Each division can correspond to products or
geographies of the organization. Each division contains all the
necessary resources and functions within it to support that particular
product line or geography (for example, its own finance, IT, and
marketing departments). Product and geographic divisional
structures may be characterized as follows:
3|Page
Product departmentalization: A divisional structure organized by
product departmentalization means that the various activities
related to the product or service are under the authority of one
manager. If the company builds luxury sedans and SUVs, for
example, the SUV division will have its own sales, engineering,
and marketing departments, which are separate from the
departments within the luxury sedan division.
Geographic departmentalization: Geographic
departmentalization involves grouping activities based on
geography, such as an Asia/Pacific or Latin American division.
Geographic departmentalization is particularly important if tastes
and brand responses differ across regions, as it allows for
flexibility in product offerings and marketing strategies (an
approach known as localization).
Functional Structure: In a functional structure, a common
configuration, an organization is divided into smaller groups by areas
of specialty (such as IT, finance, operations, and marketing). The
company’s top management team typically consists of several
functional heads (such as the chief financial officer and the chief
operating officer). Functional departments are said to offer greater
operational efficiency because employees with shared skills and
knowledge are grouped together according to the work they do. One
disadvantage of this structure is that the different functional groups
may not communicate with one another. Smaller companies that
require more adaptability and innovation may feel confined by the
communication and creativity silos that result from functional
structure.
Matrix Structure: In which individuals are grouped by two different
operational perspectives at the same time, this structure has both
advantages and disadvantages.This structure organized by product
and function.Three different functions are shown across the top
4|Page
research,production, sales and finance.On the vertical axis product
A, Product B, Product C. Product lines are managed horizontally and
functions are managed vertically. This means that each function—
e.g., research, production, sales, and finance—has separate internal
divisions for each product. A disadvantage of the matrix structure is
the increased complexity in the chain of command when employees
are assigned to both functional and project managers. Larger
companies with a need for a great deal of cross-departmental
communication generally benefit the most from this model.
Learning Outcomes:
Meaning of organizing
Describe the organizing function of management
Differentiate between divisional, functional, and matrix
structures.
LEADERSHIP
Summary: This leadership definition captures the essentials of being
able and prepared to inspire others more simply, the leader is the
inspiration for and director of the action. They are the person in the
group that possesses the combination of personality and leadership skills
to make others want to follow their direction.Qualities: There are some
qualities;
Honesty and intrigate
• Confidence
• Inspire others
• Commitment and passion
5|Page
• Good communication
• Decision making Capabilities
• Accountability
• Delegation and empowerment
• Creativity and Innovation
• Empath
• Resilience
• Emotional
• Humility
• Transparency
• Vision purpose
leadership skills:
Top 6 leadership skills
• Decisiveness. Effective leader those who can make decisions
quickly with the information they have
• Integrity
• Relationship building
• Problem-solving
• Dependability
• to teach and mentor
Types of Leadership
Authentic Leadership:
The recent authentic leadership approach seems to have evolved in
light of major scans & scandals, a blind race for profits and personal
gains and short term prospective, involving the CEO’s of top in the
6|Page
organization It focuses on the charter of the leader as the driver of
positive interrelationships.
Laissez-Faire Leadership :
Under this type of leadership, a laissez-faire leader do not
exercise control on its employees directly. Since employees are
highly experienced and need little supervision, a laissez-faire
leader fails to provide continuous feedback to employees under
his or her supervision.
Transnational Leadership :
The Informational leadership highlights a leader as a facilitator of
change occurring, when one or more persons engage with other
in such a way that leaders and followers raise one another to
higher levels of motivation and morality.
Bureaucratic Leadership :Under bureaucratic leadership, a leader
believes in structured procedures and ensure that his or her
employees follow procedures exactly. This type of leadership
leaves no space to explore new ways to solve issues and in fact
work by book. This type of leadership is normally hospitals.\
Charismatic Leadership :
The charismatic leader is visionary and works by infusing high
amount of energy and enthusiasm in his team. He sets as role
model for his team and drive others to show high level of
performance. A charismatic leadership may pose as a risk to
the company if he decided to leave to explore new
opportunities and it might take lot of time and hard work by the
company to win the confidence of its employees.
Participative Leadership :
Also known as democratic leadership style, participative
leadership consults employees and seriously considers their
ideas when making decisions. When a company makes changes
within the organization, the participative leadership style helps
employees accept changes easily because they had given a big
role in the process
7|Page
Directive Leadership :
Directive Leadership provides guidance about what should be
done and how to do it, scheduling work, and maintaining
standards of performance. it may be inferred that directive
leadership is effective as the subordinators has an external locus
of Control, lacks experience, has a high need for clarity or a low
need of achievement.
Supportive Leadership :
Supportive Leadership show concern for the needs of the
employees, leader is friendly and approachable. Supportive
Leadership would be more suitable for highly structured
tasks,under bureaucratic and formal authority relationship. In
supportive Leadership.
Achievement Oriented Leadership :
Achievement oriented Leadership encourage employees to
perform at their highest level by setting challenging goals,
emphasizing excellence and demonstrating confidence in
employee abilities. Achievement Oriented Leadership is largely
suitable for unstructured tasks.
The mejor leadership theories:
A Closer Look at Leadership Theories:
People have long been interested in leadership throughout
human history leadership theories have emerged. Interest in
leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth
century.
Trait Theories ;
There are plenty of people who possess the personality traits
associated with leadership. There are also people the key traits
often associated with effective leadership yet still excel at
leading groups.
Contingency Theories :
8|Page
Leadership researchers White and Hodgson suggest that truly
effective leadership is not just about the qualities of the leader,
it is about striking the right balance between behaviors, needs,
and context.
Situational Theories :
Situational theories propose that leaders choose the best
course of action based upon situational variables. Different
styles of leadership may be more appropriate for certain types
of decision-making.Behavioral Theories Behavioral theories of
leadership are based upon the belief that great leaders are
made, not born. this leadership theory focuses on the actions
of leaders, not on mental qualities or internal states.
Participative Theories :
Participative leadership theories suggest that the ideal leadership
style is one that takes the input of others into account. These
leaders encourage participation and contributions from group
members.
Management Theories :
Management theories, also known as transactional organization,
and group performance Managerial theories are often used in
business; when employees are successful, they are rewarded and
when they fail, they are reprimanded or punished.
Relationship Theories :
Relationship theories, also known as transformational theories,
focus upon the connections formed between leaders and
followers. Transformational leaders motivate and inspire people
by helping group members see the importance and higher good of
the task.
A Word From Very well :
There are many different ways of thinking about leadership,
ranging from focusing on the personality traits of great
leadership to emphasizing aspects of the situation that help
determine how people lead.
9|Page
Learning Outcomes:
Definition of leadership
Identifying leadership Skills
Understanding types of leadership and mejor leader ship
theories.
Controlling
Summary:Controlling is necessary for even the very best
can be improved & its a basic function of managment
it helps to check problems and to take the perfect actions,so
that deviation from standards is minimized and stated goals
of the organization are achieved in a perfect way.
The importance of managerial control lies in the fact that it
helps in accomplishing organisational goals.
Controlling also helps in judging accuracy of standards,
ensuring efficient utilization of resources,
boosting employee morale,
creating an atmosphere of order and discipline in the
organisation and coordinating different activities
so that they all work together in one direction to meet targets.
There are 3 classification of controling
taking an action before a problem takes
place. is known as - feed forwad controlling.
10 | P a g e
Taking an action after a problem takes place is known as
feedback controlling.
and when a problem takes place is known as steering control
controling includes few process
1st one is Establishment of standards-
Standards are the plans or the targets which have to be
achieved in the course of business function.
they are also devided in two steps (A).Measurable or tangible
(B).Non-measurable or intangible
2. Measurement of performance- The second major step in
controlling is to measure the performance.
measuring Performance levels are
sometimes easy to measure and sometimes difficult.
Performance of a
manager cannot be measured in quantities. It can be measured
only by-
Attitude of the workers,Their communication with the superiors
etc
no 3 is Comparison of actual and standard performance-
Comparison of basic performance with the planned targets is
important
4th and last one is Taking remedial actions-
Once the reason and extent of deviations are known,
manager has to detect those errors and take remedial
measures for it.
11 | P a g e
if the actual performance is not in conformity with plans,the
manager can revise the targets.
by revise they can practice controlling.
as a management process involves setting appropriate goals
for various areas of the organization.Once the tools have been
developed and the data is gathered, managers begin
comparing the goals to the actual results.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
*meaning of controliing in management
*we can describe Classification of controlling
*how manager manage their activites by using controling
method
*deffrent porcess of controlling can be describe.
*how and when to apply the process in work fild.
